背景:肺纤维化是一种发病机制不明,预后极差的慢性肺组织损伤疾病,目前常用的肺纤维化动物模型多见于由生物因素或非生物因素诱导,对研究肺纤维化的发病过程、形态功能改变及治疗具有重大意义。但是大多数研究并没有系统阐明生物因素及...背景:肺纤维化是一种发病机制不明,预后极差的慢性肺组织损伤疾病,目前常用的肺纤维化动物模型多见于由生物因素或非生物因素诱导,对研究肺纤维化的发病过程、形态功能改变及治疗具有重大意义。但是大多数研究并没有系统阐明生物因素及非生物因素引起的肺纤维化模型动物的差异。目的:综述肺纤维动物模型的构建方法,为临床上该病的进一步研究提供参考,同时对今后进一步完善肺纤维化模型提供设计思路。方法:通过查阅1998-2021年为主的文献,检索数据库包括中国知网、万方数据、PubMed、Coremine、SCI-HUB和GeenMedical数据库;以“肺纤维化、肺纤维化动物模型、生物因素、非生物因素”作为中文关键词;以“Pulmonary fibrosis,Animal model of pulmonary fibrosis,Biological factors,Abiotic factors”为英文检索词进行检索;最终共纳入51篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①肺纤维化动物模型的建立方法主要分为生物因素及非生物因素2大类。②采用非生物因素诱导建立肺纤维化模型的方法虽然在产生肺纤维化程度上较为不稳定,但在药物选择和给药途径方面具有多样性,且操作简单,价格低廉,所以在造模方式的选择上较为常见,非生物因素诱导建立的肺纤维化模型主要包括药物/毒物因素(博来霉素、胺碘酮、油酸、百草枯及异硫氰酸荧光素)、环境因素(二氧化硅、石棉及高浓度氧)和其他因素(人源化及老年化)诱导的模型构建建模方法。③生物因素诱导的肺纤维化模型,多见于选择细胞因子过表达或靶向Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞损伤,这类模型与肺纤维化临床后期表现更为相似,且模型稳定性好,但是价格较昂贵。④诸多肺纤维化动物模型造模方法中以博来霉素诱导的建模方法较为常用,此法可选择多样化的给药方式、且在使用鼻饲给药时稳定性较高,造模时相对安全不易产生�展开更多
In insects,facultative diapause is a state of developmental arrest mainly induced by photoperiod or temperature that allows insects to survive adverse environmental conditions.Understanding how insect initiates facult...In insects,facultative diapause is a state of developmental arrest mainly induced by photoperiod or temperature that allows insects to survive adverse environmental conditions.Understanding how insect initiates facultative diapause and prepares diapause can provide us new insights to study developmental and evolutionary biology.It has been shown that the circadian clock genes can participate in photoperiodic measurement and regulate reproductive diapause initiation through JH signaling in short-day-induced winter diapause.However,how circadian clock genes translate photoperiodic information into downstream JH signaling for diapause destiny and then affect diapause preparation remains largely unknown.In the present study,we investigate this in the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi which undergoes reproductive diapause under long-day condition.We respectively knocked down two circadian clock negative regulators,period(per)and timeless(tim),in the 3-day-old larvae(most sensitive to photoperiod),and dsgfp treatment was served as a control.Under the diapause-inducing photoperiod(16L:8D),knocking down per and tim significantly decreased the rate of burrowing behavior.And mtany female beetles of the per and tim RNAi showed developed ovary,decreased lipid accumulation and downregulated expression of stress resistance genes.The JHinduced genes,Kr-h1,JHE1,Vg1,and Vg2, significantly increased in the females with suppression of per and tim.It implied that suppression of per and tim during diapause initiation phase(DIP)could activate the JH signaling in the female adults.Before the beetles enter into diapause preparation phase(DPP),we used RNA sequencing to analyize gene expression profiles after per and tim RNAi.It showed that many differentially expressed genes were enriched in environmental information processing,such as mTOR and TGF-beta signaling pathway.To ask whether per and tim also regulate diapause preparation,we knocked down these two genes in the female adults during DPP.It showed that the diapause destiny was n展开更多
文摘背景:肺纤维化是一种发病机制不明,预后极差的慢性肺组织损伤疾病,目前常用的肺纤维化动物模型多见于由生物因素或非生物因素诱导,对研究肺纤维化的发病过程、形态功能改变及治疗具有重大意义。但是大多数研究并没有系统阐明生物因素及非生物因素引起的肺纤维化模型动物的差异。目的:综述肺纤维动物模型的构建方法,为临床上该病的进一步研究提供参考,同时对今后进一步完善肺纤维化模型提供设计思路。方法:通过查阅1998-2021年为主的文献,检索数据库包括中国知网、万方数据、PubMed、Coremine、SCI-HUB和GeenMedical数据库;以“肺纤维化、肺纤维化动物模型、生物因素、非生物因素”作为中文关键词;以“Pulmonary fibrosis,Animal model of pulmonary fibrosis,Biological factors,Abiotic factors”为英文检索词进行检索;最终共纳入51篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①肺纤维化动物模型的建立方法主要分为生物因素及非生物因素2大类。②采用非生物因素诱导建立肺纤维化模型的方法虽然在产生肺纤维化程度上较为不稳定,但在药物选择和给药途径方面具有多样性,且操作简单,价格低廉,所以在造模方式的选择上较为常见,非生物因素诱导建立的肺纤维化模型主要包括药物/毒物因素(博来霉素、胺碘酮、油酸、百草枯及异硫氰酸荧光素)、环境因素(二氧化硅、石棉及高浓度氧)和其他因素(人源化及老年化)诱导的模型构建建模方法。③生物因素诱导的肺纤维化模型,多见于选择细胞因子过表达或靶向Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞损伤,这类模型与肺纤维化临床后期表现更为相似,且模型稳定性好,但是价格较昂贵。④诸多肺纤维化动物模型造模方法中以博来霉素诱导的建模方法较为常用,此法可选择多样化的给药方式、且在使用鼻饲给药时稳定性较高,造模时相对安全不易产生�
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701842)
文摘In insects,facultative diapause is a state of developmental arrest mainly induced by photoperiod or temperature that allows insects to survive adverse environmental conditions.Understanding how insect initiates facultative diapause and prepares diapause can provide us new insights to study developmental and evolutionary biology.It has been shown that the circadian clock genes can participate in photoperiodic measurement and regulate reproductive diapause initiation through JH signaling in short-day-induced winter diapause.However,how circadian clock genes translate photoperiodic information into downstream JH signaling for diapause destiny and then affect diapause preparation remains largely unknown.In the present study,we investigate this in the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi which undergoes reproductive diapause under long-day condition.We respectively knocked down two circadian clock negative regulators,period(per)and timeless(tim),in the 3-day-old larvae(most sensitive to photoperiod),and dsgfp treatment was served as a control.Under the diapause-inducing photoperiod(16L:8D),knocking down per and tim significantly decreased the rate of burrowing behavior.And mtany female beetles of the per and tim RNAi showed developed ovary,decreased lipid accumulation and downregulated expression of stress resistance genes.The JHinduced genes,Kr-h1,JHE1,Vg1,and Vg2, significantly increased in the females with suppression of per and tim.It implied that suppression of per and tim during diapause initiation phase(DIP)could activate the JH signaling in the female adults.Before the beetles enter into diapause preparation phase(DPP),we used RNA sequencing to analyize gene expression profiles after per and tim RNAi.It showed that many differentially expressed genes were enriched in environmental information processing,such as mTOR and TGF-beta signaling pathway.To ask whether per and tim also regulate diapause preparation,we knocked down these two genes in the female adults during DPP.It showed that the diapause destiny was n
