In this paper, the complexity and performance of the Auxiliary Vector (AV) based reduced-rank filtering are addressed. The AV filters presented in the previous papers have the general form of the sum of the signature ...In this paper, the complexity and performance of the Auxiliary Vector (AV) based reduced-rank filtering are addressed. The AV filters presented in the previous papers have the general form of the sum of the signature vector of the desired signal and a set of weighted AVs,which can be classified as three categories according to the orthogonality of their AVs and the optimality of the weight coefficients of the AVs. The AV filter with orthogonal AVs and optimal weight coefficients has the best performance, but requires considerable computational complexity and suffers from the numerical unstable operation. In order to reduce its computational load while keeping the superior performance, several low complexity algorithms are proposed to efficiently calculate the AVs and their weight coefficients. The diagonal loading technique is also introduced to solve the numerical unstability problem without complexity increase. The performance of the three types of AV filters is also compared through their application to Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDM A) systems for interference suppression.展开更多
Dear Editor, Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease ranked as the 4th leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and its incidence rate is increasing according to the latest statistics. The overa...Dear Editor, Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease ranked as the 4th leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and its incidence rate is increasing according to the latest statistics. The overall survival rates for patients with pan- creatic cancer have not significantly improved over the past thirty years （Siegel et al., 2012; Simard et al., 2012）. One of the reasons for the high mortality rates is the high resistance of pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy and radiation. Most patients are diagnosed at late stages of the disease. Approximately 15%-20% of patients diagnosed with pan- creatic cancer are eligible for surgical resection, and 85% of these patients eventually experience relapse and ultimately cancer-related death （Siegel et al., 2012）. In recent years, increasing evidence indicates that the fibro-inflammatory stroma is a source of cellular and molecular components contributing to tumor progression and metastasis （Feig et al., 2012; Waghray et al., 2013）. Importantly, increased levels of stroma are positively related to a poor prognosis （Erkan et al., 2008）. Despite the broader understanding of pancre- atic cancer biology, gemcitabine, a chemotherapeutic approved for pancreatic cancer treatment approximately twenty years ago, still remains the standard of care （Burris et al., 1997）. Thus, the development of novel treatment strategies for this devastating disease is urgently needed.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the complexity and performance of the Auxiliary Vector (AV) based reduced-rank filtering are addressed. The AV filters presented in the previous papers have the general form of the sum of the signature vector of the desired signal and a set of weighted AVs,which can be classified as three categories according to the orthogonality of their AVs and the optimality of the weight coefficients of the AVs. The AV filter with orthogonal AVs and optimal weight coefficients has the best performance, but requires considerable computational complexity and suffers from the numerical unstable operation. In order to reduce its computational load while keeping the superior performance, several low complexity algorithms are proposed to efficiently calculate the AVs and their weight coefficients. The diagonal loading technique is also introduced to solve the numerical unstability problem without complexity increase. The performance of the three types of AV filters is also compared through their application to Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDM A) systems for interference suppression.
文摘Dear Editor, Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease ranked as the 4th leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and its incidence rate is increasing according to the latest statistics. The overall survival rates for patients with pan- creatic cancer have not significantly improved over the past thirty years （Siegel et al., 2012; Simard et al., 2012）. One of the reasons for the high mortality rates is the high resistance of pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy and radiation. Most patients are diagnosed at late stages of the disease. Approximately 15%-20% of patients diagnosed with pan- creatic cancer are eligible for surgical resection, and 85% of these patients eventually experience relapse and ultimately cancer-related death （Siegel et al., 2012）. In recent years, increasing evidence indicates that the fibro-inflammatory stroma is a source of cellular and molecular components contributing to tumor progression and metastasis （Feig et al., 2012; Waghray et al., 2013）. Importantly, increased levels of stroma are positively related to a poor prognosis （Erkan et al., 2008）. Despite the broader understanding of pancre- atic cancer biology, gemcitabine, a chemotherapeutic approved for pancreatic cancer treatment approximately twenty years ago, still remains the standard of care （Burris et al., 1997）. Thus, the development of novel treatment strategies for this devastating disease is urgently needed.
