Over the last few decades,the ecological quality of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau(QTP)has significantly changed due to climate warming,humidification,and increasing human activities.Thus,evaluating this region's ecol...Over the last few decades,the ecological quality of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau(QTP)has significantly changed due to climate warming,humidification,and increasing human activities.Thus,evaluating this region's ecological quality and dominant factors is crucial for sustainable development.In this study,the changes in the ecological quality on the QTP from 2000 to 2020 were evaluated based on aggregated indices and Sen–MK trend analyses,and the dominant factors affecting the ecological quality of the QTP were quantitatively analyzed using decision tree classification.The results revealed that(1)the ecological quality of the QTP exhibited an overall high trend in the east and a low pattern in the west;(2)the ecological quality of the QTP significantly increased from 2000 to 2020,and human activities were the dominant factors causing this change;and(3)the changes in the ecological quality and dominant factors exhibited obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity.The area with an improved ecological quality occurred mainly in the northern QTP region.It was governed by human activities and precipitation.In contrast,the area with a deteriorated ecological quality occurred largely in the southern QTP region and was dominated by human activities and temperature.The 2000–2010 period was the most significant period of heterogeneity regarding of ecological quality and its driving factors.(4)The change in the ecological quality was mainly affected by the synergistic relationship between human activities and climate change in this region,which encompassed multiple dominant factors.This study provides important information on the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of ecological quality change and its dominant factors on the QTP and offers systematic guidance for the planning and implementation of ecological protection projects.展开更多
Aims Despite the growing interest in the topic of functional ecology,there are still forest regions that have not been examined,as most work has been done in the tropics.unresolved issues include the strength of a gro...Aims Despite the growing interest in the topic of functional ecology,there are still forest regions that have not been examined,as most work has been done in the tropics.unresolved issues include the strength of a growth-mortality trade-off in trees(originally identified for seedlings)and the nature of the association between plant traits and vital rates,if any.our objectives were to examine whether(i)ecological strategies in south american mixed forests are organ-ized along the fast competitor×slow stress-tolerator and height gradients as the main strategy axes depicted in the overall trait and vital rate correlation structure,and(ii)a tentative path model we proposed can explain the patterns of covariation among traits and vital rates.Methods We studied a different habitat(subtropical mixed conifer-hardwood forests)and region(brazilian atlantic Forest)from the majority of related studies in forests,carried out in the Neotropical region.Data on total height,stem slenderness,crown depth,wood density,specific leaf area,leaf and seed length,seed dispersal mode,annual mortality,diameter relative growth rate and relative growth rate under favorable conditions were measured in southern brazil for 66 tree species.Data were subjected to principal components analysis and path analysis.restricted data on saplings and treelets were analyzed through correlation.Important Findingsstudied traits were reduced to four principal components.Principal components analysis produced axes that fit the resource acquisition versus resource-conservation and the height-mortality trade-offs,although the former was split into two distinct axes.seed size and seed dispersal mode appeared independently of these axes.a path model showed that leaf length and specific leaf area caused direct changes in trunk slenderness and,indirectly through growth,affected mortality.Expected trade-offs between growth and survivorship and between wood density and stem slenderness trade-offs were not found.this may result from the lack of extreme pioneers and ov展开更多
研究以渤海湾为生态系统服务需求区,以渤海湾滨海地区为生态系统服务供给区,从生态系统服务供需的视角,以水资源、水环境、水生态为问题与目标维度构建了渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能评价体系。根据渤海湾生态问题,截污净化、产水量...研究以渤海湾为生态系统服务需求区,以渤海湾滨海地区为生态系统服务供给区,从生态系统服务供需的视角,以水资源、水环境、水生态为问题与目标维度构建了渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能评价体系。根据渤海湾生态问题,截污净化、产水量和生境质量3类指标被筛选为生态安全屏障功能的关键指标,并分别使用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs,InVEST)模型中的营养物迁移模型、产水量模型和生境质量模型进行评价。此外,对2000—2020年渤海湾滨海地区土地利用格局和截污净化、产水量、生境质量3类生态安全屏障功能指标的时空变化进行评价,并分析了生态安全屏障功能时空演变的驱动因素。研究的主要结果如下:(1)在20 a间渤海湾滨海地区,耕地、未利用地面积减少而建设用地和湿地面积增加,氮磷截留率和产水量增加,但生境质量下降。(2)渤海湾滨海地区综合生态安全屏障功能供给良好,但近年来呈下降趋势。(3)人类活动引起的土地利用变化是影响渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能时空演变的主要驱动力。研究对渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能评价方法及结果不仅可指导本区域生态建设,同时对其他区域的生态安全屏障功能评价具有借鉴意义。展开更多
基金the Qinghai Province Science and Technology Plan Basic Research Program(grant number 2022-ZJ-718)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(grant number 2019QZKK0608)。
文摘Over the last few decades,the ecological quality of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau(QTP)has significantly changed due to climate warming,humidification,and increasing human activities.Thus,evaluating this region's ecological quality and dominant factors is crucial for sustainable development.In this study,the changes in the ecological quality on the QTP from 2000 to 2020 were evaluated based on aggregated indices and Sen–MK trend analyses,and the dominant factors affecting the ecological quality of the QTP were quantitatively analyzed using decision tree classification.The results revealed that(1)the ecological quality of the QTP exhibited an overall high trend in the east and a low pattern in the west;(2)the ecological quality of the QTP significantly increased from 2000 to 2020,and human activities were the dominant factors causing this change;and(3)the changes in the ecological quality and dominant factors exhibited obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity.The area with an improved ecological quality occurred mainly in the northern QTP region.It was governed by human activities and precipitation.In contrast,the area with a deteriorated ecological quality occurred largely in the southern QTP region and was dominated by human activities and temperature.The 2000–2010 period was the most significant period of heterogeneity regarding of ecological quality and its driving factors.(4)The change in the ecological quality was mainly affected by the synergistic relationship between human activities and climate change in this region,which encompassed multiple dominant factors.This study provides important information on the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of ecological quality change and its dominant factors on the QTP and offers systematic guidance for the planning and implementation of ecological protection projects.
基金Funding was provided by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)through the grant‘PELD-Bioma Araucária e suas Transições’and by Energética Barra Grande(BAESA).
文摘Aims Despite the growing interest in the topic of functional ecology,there are still forest regions that have not been examined,as most work has been done in the tropics.unresolved issues include the strength of a growth-mortality trade-off in trees(originally identified for seedlings)and the nature of the association between plant traits and vital rates,if any.our objectives were to examine whether(i)ecological strategies in south american mixed forests are organ-ized along the fast competitor×slow stress-tolerator and height gradients as the main strategy axes depicted in the overall trait and vital rate correlation structure,and(ii)a tentative path model we proposed can explain the patterns of covariation among traits and vital rates.Methods We studied a different habitat(subtropical mixed conifer-hardwood forests)and region(brazilian atlantic Forest)from the majority of related studies in forests,carried out in the Neotropical region.Data on total height,stem slenderness,crown depth,wood density,specific leaf area,leaf and seed length,seed dispersal mode,annual mortality,diameter relative growth rate and relative growth rate under favorable conditions were measured in southern brazil for 66 tree species.Data were subjected to principal components analysis and path analysis.restricted data on saplings and treelets were analyzed through correlation.Important Findingsstudied traits were reduced to four principal components.Principal components analysis produced axes that fit the resource acquisition versus resource-conservation and the height-mortality trade-offs,although the former was split into two distinct axes.seed size and seed dispersal mode appeared independently of these axes.a path model showed that leaf length and specific leaf area caused direct changes in trunk slenderness and,indirectly through growth,affected mortality.Expected trade-offs between growth and survivorship and between wood density and stem slenderness trade-offs were not found.this may result from the lack of extreme pioneers and ov
文摘研究以渤海湾为生态系统服务需求区,以渤海湾滨海地区为生态系统服务供给区,从生态系统服务供需的视角,以水资源、水环境、水生态为问题与目标维度构建了渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能评价体系。根据渤海湾生态问题,截污净化、产水量和生境质量3类指标被筛选为生态安全屏障功能的关键指标,并分别使用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs,InVEST)模型中的营养物迁移模型、产水量模型和生境质量模型进行评价。此外,对2000—2020年渤海湾滨海地区土地利用格局和截污净化、产水量、生境质量3类生态安全屏障功能指标的时空变化进行评价,并分析了生态安全屏障功能时空演变的驱动因素。研究的主要结果如下:(1)在20 a间渤海湾滨海地区,耕地、未利用地面积减少而建设用地和湿地面积增加,氮磷截留率和产水量增加,但生境质量下降。(2)渤海湾滨海地区综合生态安全屏障功能供给良好,但近年来呈下降趋势。(3)人类活动引起的土地利用变化是影响渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能时空演变的主要驱动力。研究对渤海湾滨海地区生态安全屏障功能评价方法及结果不仅可指导本区域生态建设,同时对其他区域的生态安全屏障功能评价具有借鉴意义。
