Introduction: Fast track (FT) cardiac surgery and early extubation (EE) are aimed at safe and effective rapid post-operative progression to discharge, and have been practiced for more than two decades. Their goal is t...Introduction: Fast track (FT) cardiac surgery and early extubation (EE) are aimed at safe and effective rapid post-operative progression to discharge, and have been practiced for more than two decades. Their goal is to optimize patient care perioperatively in order to decrease costs without negatively affecting morbidity and mortality. However, the factors that predict successful EE are poorly understood, and patients with significant co-morbidities are frequently excluded from protocols. We hypothesize that independent of disease severity, early extubation leads to shorter hospital stays and can be performed safely without negatively affecting outcomes. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 919 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at the Southern Arizona Veteran’s Affairs Health Care System medical center over 7 years. We collected pre-operative data regarding patients’ NYHA classification, presence and severity of cerebral vascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes and hypertension. Intra-operative variables were also recorded including ASA scores, ischemic times, and time to extubation. Finally, post-operative variables such as rates of reintubation and tracheotomy, and both length of ICU and total hospital stay were also compared. Results: Prolonged periods of ischemia were found to predict a delayed extubation (HR = 0.992;CI = 0.988 - 0.997, p = 0.0015) while small body surface area (HR = 1.57;CI = 1.13, 2.17, p = 0.007) and higher pre-operative functional status of the patient, such as independent versus dependent status (HR =1.68;CI = 1.30 - 2.16, p = 1.33;CI = 1.03 - 1.70, p = 0.03) were found to be associated with earlier extubation. The early extubation (EE) group (those extubated in less than the median 7.3 hours) had an average hospital stay of 5.1 ± 4.0 days, versus 7.8 ± 8.1 days in the delayed group (>4 hours), p Conclusions: In our study population, pre-operative functional class and total body surface area pred展开更多
快通道麻醉是实施肝移植加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)的一个关键环节。肝移植手术快通道麻醉的适应证及围手术期管理要点是近年来的关注热点。文章主要阐述快通道麻醉在肝移植围手术期应用的可行性与安全性、...快通道麻醉是实施肝移植加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)的一个关键环节。肝移植手术快通道麻醉的适应证及围手术期管理要点是近年来的关注热点。文章主要阐述快通道麻醉在肝移植围手术期应用的可行性与安全性、适应证与禁忌证及围手术期管理, 以达到更合理进行麻醉管理、加速肝移植患者康复的目的。展开更多
目的探讨输尿管镜术后留置带线双J管并早期拔除的应用价值。方法选取2018年2月至2020年12月绍兴第二医院收治的60例输尿管结石患者纳入研究,根据随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。观察组患者术后留置带线双J管,3d后自行...目的探讨输尿管镜术后留置带线双J管并早期拔除的应用价值。方法选取2018年2月至2020年12月绍兴第二医院收治的60例输尿管结石患者纳入研究,根据随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。观察组患者术后留置带线双J管,3d后自行牵拉尾线拔除;对照组患者术后留置常规双J管,2周后在膀胱镜下拔除。观察两组患者留管期间生活质量评分(quality of life score,QOL)、拔管成功率、拔管时疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、并发症发生率、排尿恢复时间和住院费用。结果观察组患者的VAS评分、QOL评分、平均费用、血尿和尿路感染发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),排尿恢复时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者的漏尿、输尿管狭窄、拔管成功率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对非复杂性结石,输尿管镜术后留置带线双J管并早期拔除,安全性高,可减轻患者痛苦,降低并发症发生率和住院费用,改善患者的生活质量。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Fast track (FT) cardiac surgery and early extubation (EE) are aimed at safe and effective rapid post-operative progression to discharge, and have been practiced for more than two decades. Their goal is to optimize patient care perioperatively in order to decrease costs without negatively affecting morbidity and mortality. However, the factors that predict successful EE are poorly understood, and patients with significant co-morbidities are frequently excluded from protocols. We hypothesize that independent of disease severity, early extubation leads to shorter hospital stays and can be performed safely without negatively affecting outcomes. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 919 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at the Southern Arizona Veteran’s Affairs Health Care System medical center over 7 years. We collected pre-operative data regarding patients’ NYHA classification, presence and severity of cerebral vascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes and hypertension. Intra-operative variables were also recorded including ASA scores, ischemic times, and time to extubation. Finally, post-operative variables such as rates of reintubation and tracheotomy, and both length of ICU and total hospital stay were also compared. Results: Prolonged periods of ischemia were found to predict a delayed extubation (HR = 0.992;CI = 0.988 - 0.997, p = 0.0015) while small body surface area (HR = 1.57;CI = 1.13, 2.17, p = 0.007) and higher pre-operative functional status of the patient, such as independent versus dependent status (HR =1.68;CI = 1.30 - 2.16, p = 1.33;CI = 1.03 - 1.70, p = 0.03) were found to be associated with earlier extubation. The early extubation (EE) group (those extubated in less than the median 7.3 hours) had an average hospital stay of 5.1 ± 4.0 days, versus 7.8 ± 8.1 days in the delayed group (>4 hours), p Conclusions: In our study population, pre-operative functional class and total body surface area pred
文摘目的探讨输尿管镜术后留置带线双J管并早期拔除的应用价值。方法选取2018年2月至2020年12月绍兴第二医院收治的60例输尿管结石患者纳入研究,根据随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。观察组患者术后留置带线双J管,3d后自行牵拉尾线拔除;对照组患者术后留置常规双J管,2周后在膀胱镜下拔除。观察两组患者留管期间生活质量评分(quality of life score,QOL)、拔管成功率、拔管时疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、并发症发生率、排尿恢复时间和住院费用。结果观察组患者的VAS评分、QOL评分、平均费用、血尿和尿路感染发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),排尿恢复时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者的漏尿、输尿管狭窄、拔管成功率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对非复杂性结石,输尿管镜术后留置带线双J管并早期拔除,安全性高,可减轻患者痛苦,降低并发症发生率和住院费用,改善患者的生活质量。
