苯系物是以煤炭为原料的焦化企业主要挥发类有机污染物(VOCs).我国现行技术导则在评估VOCs呼吸暴露健康风险时推荐Johnson-Ettinger(J&E)蒸气入侵模型,该模型简单易用,但在某些实际场地应用中存在过于保守的问题,采用双元平衡模型(D...苯系物是以煤炭为原料的焦化企业主要挥发类有机污染物(VOCs).我国现行技术导则在评估VOCs呼吸暴露健康风险时推荐Johnson-Ettinger(J&E)蒸气入侵模型,该模型简单易用,但在某些实际场地应用中存在过于保守的问题,采用双元平衡模型(Dual Equilibrium Desorption,DED)对J&E模型进行校正后可以在一定程度上克服该问题.基于河北省某焦化厂前期土壤调查结果,选取约30000 m 2污染较重的区域开展苯土壤气通量专项调查并进行精细化风险评估,采用J&E-DED模型计算苯的室内呼吸暴露途径健康风险,并与基于J&E模型和实测土壤气挥发通量计算的风险结果进行比较.结果表明:①基于J&E模型、J&E-DED模型、实测土壤气挥发通量计算研究区域土壤苯的致癌健康风险均超过1.00×10^(-6),对人体存在不可接受的致癌风险.②基于J&E-DED模型计算的风险值比基于J&E模型计算的风险值更接近于基于实测土壤气挥发通量计算的风险值.③当场地土壤性质偏砂性时,可为土壤气中VOCs的扩散迁移提供相对贯通的自由通道,致使整个污染区域土壤气的浓度和风险分布比较均匀.④对J&E-DED模型评估苯室内人体呼吸暴露健康风险时的敏感性参数进行分析发现,地基裂隙中空气体积比对结果的影响最明显(达190.6%),影响最小的是土壤孔隙水体积比和土壤容重,其他参数对结果均有比较明显的影响.研究显示,该场地地质条件下,J&E-DED模型对于反映土壤中苯的人体健康风险具有较好的适用性,可以在一定程度上克服J&E模型计算结果过于保守的问题.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate robust cooperative dual equilibria with two players in which each player minimizes the opponent’s cost and can not evaluate his own strategy while may estimate an asymmetric bounded set o...In this paper,we investigate robust cooperative dual equilibria with two players in which each player minimizes the opponent’s cost and can not evaluate his own strategy while may estimate an asymmetric bounded set of the mixed strategy.Using dual theory and robust optimization technique,we obtain a result that the counterpart of the primitive uncertainty with ellipsoidal norm for each player can be formulated as a second-order cone programming(SOCP)and solving the corresponding equilibrium can be converted to solving a second-order cone complementarity problem(SOCCP).Then we present a numerical experiment to illustrate the behavior of robust cooperative dual equilibrium.展开更多
文摘苯系物是以煤炭为原料的焦化企业主要挥发类有机污染物(VOCs).我国现行技术导则在评估VOCs呼吸暴露健康风险时推荐Johnson-Ettinger(J&E)蒸气入侵模型,该模型简单易用,但在某些实际场地应用中存在过于保守的问题,采用双元平衡模型(Dual Equilibrium Desorption,DED)对J&E模型进行校正后可以在一定程度上克服该问题.基于河北省某焦化厂前期土壤调查结果,选取约30000 m 2污染较重的区域开展苯土壤气通量专项调查并进行精细化风险评估,采用J&E-DED模型计算苯的室内呼吸暴露途径健康风险,并与基于J&E模型和实测土壤气挥发通量计算的风险结果进行比较.结果表明:①基于J&E模型、J&E-DED模型、实测土壤气挥发通量计算研究区域土壤苯的致癌健康风险均超过1.00×10^(-6),对人体存在不可接受的致癌风险.②基于J&E-DED模型计算的风险值比基于J&E模型计算的风险值更接近于基于实测土壤气挥发通量计算的风险值.③当场地土壤性质偏砂性时,可为土壤气中VOCs的扩散迁移提供相对贯通的自由通道,致使整个污染区域土壤气的浓度和风险分布比较均匀.④对J&E-DED模型评估苯室内人体呼吸暴露健康风险时的敏感性参数进行分析发现,地基裂隙中空气体积比对结果的影响最明显(达190.6%),影响最小的是土壤孔隙水体积比和土壤容重,其他参数对结果均有比较明显的影响.研究显示,该场地地质条件下,J&E-DED模型对于反映土壤中苯的人体健康风险具有较好的适用性,可以在一定程度上克服J&E模型计算结果过于保守的问题.
基金supported by Ministry of Education Planning Fund granted 15YJA790043Guangdong Province Education Department Foundation granted 2016WTSCX079
文摘In this paper,we investigate robust cooperative dual equilibria with two players in which each player minimizes the opponent’s cost and can not evaluate his own strategy while may estimate an asymmetric bounded set of the mixed strategy.Using dual theory and robust optimization technique,we obtain a result that the counterpart of the primitive uncertainty with ellipsoidal norm for each player can be formulated as a second-order cone programming(SOCP)and solving the corresponding equilibrium can be converted to solving a second-order cone complementarity problem(SOCCP).Then we present a numerical experiment to illustrate the behavior of robust cooperative dual equilibrium.
