使用湿式减压蒸馏法分离轧钢含油污泥的油分和残渣。采用二次通用旋转组合设计实验,研究了温度、真空度和水蒸气流量对分离效果的影响。结果表明,相比于简单蒸馏,湿式减压蒸馏能显著减轻对油分的破坏,提高油分回收率。在实验参数范围内...使用湿式减压蒸馏法分离轧钢含油污泥的油分和残渣。采用二次通用旋转组合设计实验,研究了温度、真空度和水蒸气流量对分离效果的影响。结果表明,相比于简单蒸馏,湿式减压蒸馏能显著减轻对油分的破坏,提高油分回收率。在实验参数范围内,当蒸馏温度为321.4℃、真空度为90 k Pa、水蒸气流量为1 ml·min-1时,获得最大油分回收率(57.2%)。回收油分时,过高的温度和水蒸气分压会破坏油分,前者促进油分胶质组分向芳香烃和饱和烃转化,后者则会促进脂类水解,并与Fe2O3作用氧化重质油组分,促进胶质组分向芳香烃转化。而对于蒸馏残渣中难以分离的沥青质等大分子有机物,可通过提高温度和水蒸气流量,特别是可以提高温度,促使其分解炭化,以获得较低的残渣含油率,便于残渣中铁金属元素的回收利用。展开更多
Due to the unique physical and chemical properties,rare earth elements(REEs)play a significant role in the high-tech field.In the past few decades,the rare earth reserve in China has been gradually decreasing and more...Due to the unique physical and chemical properties,rare earth elements(REEs)play a significant role in the high-tech field.In the past few decades,the rare earth reserve in China has been gradually decreasing and more pressure has been exerted on the global rare earth supply for the increasing demand of REEs,which indicates that it is essential to recycle secondary resources to meet the rare earth demand.As for rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag(REMES),although its high rare earth content has potential huge economic value,its high fluorine content of approximately 10 wt%-20 wt%can pollute the environment.Three methods are used to treat REMES.Hydro metallurgical and pyro-hydrometallurgical methods have gotten a big success for solving most of the hydrometallurgical problems,while some problems,like long route and waste water,need to be solved.Vacuum distillation is a new and promising method with a short process due to its harmlessness and high efficiency,but has shortcomings such as high energy consumption and material adaptability.This review presents these above three treatment methods,and the challenges and chances of using the recovery technique of REMES in an environmentally friendly way.展开更多
文摘使用湿式减压蒸馏法分离轧钢含油污泥的油分和残渣。采用二次通用旋转组合设计实验,研究了温度、真空度和水蒸气流量对分离效果的影响。结果表明,相比于简单蒸馏,湿式减压蒸馏能显著减轻对油分的破坏,提高油分回收率。在实验参数范围内,当蒸馏温度为321.4℃、真空度为90 k Pa、水蒸气流量为1 ml·min-1时,获得最大油分回收率(57.2%)。回收油分时,过高的温度和水蒸气分压会破坏油分,前者促进油分胶质组分向芳香烃和饱和烃转化,后者则会促进脂类水解,并与Fe2O3作用氧化重质油组分,促进胶质组分向芳香烃转化。而对于蒸馏残渣中难以分离的沥青质等大分子有机物,可通过提高温度和水蒸气流量,特别是可以提高温度,促使其分解炭化,以获得较低的残渣含油率,便于残渣中铁金属元素的回收利用。
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC1909003)。
文摘Due to the unique physical and chemical properties,rare earth elements(REEs)play a significant role in the high-tech field.In the past few decades,the rare earth reserve in China has been gradually decreasing and more pressure has been exerted on the global rare earth supply for the increasing demand of REEs,which indicates that it is essential to recycle secondary resources to meet the rare earth demand.As for rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag(REMES),although its high rare earth content has potential huge economic value,its high fluorine content of approximately 10 wt%-20 wt%can pollute the environment.Three methods are used to treat REMES.Hydro metallurgical and pyro-hydrometallurgical methods have gotten a big success for solving most of the hydrometallurgical problems,while some problems,like long route and waste water,need to be solved.Vacuum distillation is a new and promising method with a short process due to its harmlessness and high efficiency,but has shortcomings such as high energy consumption and material adaptability.This review presents these above three treatment methods,and the challenges and chances of using the recovery technique of REMES in an environmentally friendly way.
