Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) is an emerging powerful technology for converting ambient mechanical energy into electrical energy through the effect of triboelectricity. Starting from the expanded Maxwell’s equati...Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) is an emerging powerful technology for converting ambient mechanical energy into electrical energy through the effect of triboelectricity. Starting from the expanded Maxwell’s equations, the theoretical framework of TENGs has been gradually established. Here, a review is given about its recent progress in constructing of this general theory. The fundamental mechanism of TENGs is constructed by the driving force—Maxwell’s displacement current, which is essentially different from that of electromagnetic generators. Theoretical calculations of the displacement current from a threedimensional mathematical model are presented, as well as the theoretical studies on the TENGs according to the capacitor models. Furthermore, the figure-of-merits and standards for quantifying the TENG’s output characteristics are discussed, which will provide important guidelines for optimizing the structure and performance of TENGs toward practical applications. Finally,perspectives and challenges are proposed about the basic theory of TENGs and its future technology development.展开更多
为克服固体介质内空间电荷和电导分立测量导致实验数据关联性弱的缺陷,基于电声脉冲法原理设计了一套片状试样空间电荷和电导同步测量系统,以获得同片试样在不同电场下的空间电荷和电导动态响应。首先,通过空间电荷测量中电脉冲响应的...为克服固体介质内空间电荷和电导分立测量导致实验数据关联性弱的缺陷,基于电声脉冲法原理设计了一套片状试样空间电荷和电导同步测量系统,以获得同片试样在不同电场下的空间电荷和电导动态响应。首先,通过空间电荷测量中电脉冲响应的仿真计算,分析了电脉冲对同步测量时电导的干扰,并采用空间电荷和电导快速分时切换测量的模式解决电脉冲干扰。然后,基于IEC/TS62758-2012空间电荷测量技术校验规范,采用有机玻璃试样对该系统进行了系统验证,以评估空间电荷测量的准确性。最后,采用该系统对低密度聚乙烯(low density polyethylene-LDPE)试样在室温下进行了不同电场时的空间电荷和电导的同步测量,并根据空间电荷时空分布信息计算出位移电流和传导电流分布。结果表明:高(50kV/mm)电场下,半导电/LDPE试样/铝测量结构中LDPE内的位移电流明显低于传导电流,且传导电流的载流子主要源于电极的表面注入,杂质在高场下的解离对传导电流影响不明显。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Project from Minister of Science and Technology, China (Grant No. 2016YFA0202704)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51432005, 51702018, and 51561145021)Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS, and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2019M660766)。
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) is an emerging powerful technology for converting ambient mechanical energy into electrical energy through the effect of triboelectricity. Starting from the expanded Maxwell’s equations, the theoretical framework of TENGs has been gradually established. Here, a review is given about its recent progress in constructing of this general theory. The fundamental mechanism of TENGs is constructed by the driving force—Maxwell’s displacement current, which is essentially different from that of electromagnetic generators. Theoretical calculations of the displacement current from a threedimensional mathematical model are presented, as well as the theoretical studies on the TENGs according to the capacitor models. Furthermore, the figure-of-merits and standards for quantifying the TENG’s output characteristics are discussed, which will provide important guidelines for optimizing the structure and performance of TENGs toward practical applications. Finally,perspectives and challenges are proposed about the basic theory of TENGs and its future technology development.
文摘为克服固体介质内空间电荷和电导分立测量导致实验数据关联性弱的缺陷,基于电声脉冲法原理设计了一套片状试样空间电荷和电导同步测量系统,以获得同片试样在不同电场下的空间电荷和电导动态响应。首先,通过空间电荷测量中电脉冲响应的仿真计算,分析了电脉冲对同步测量时电导的干扰,并采用空间电荷和电导快速分时切换测量的模式解决电脉冲干扰。然后,基于IEC/TS62758-2012空间电荷测量技术校验规范,采用有机玻璃试样对该系统进行了系统验证,以评估空间电荷测量的准确性。最后,采用该系统对低密度聚乙烯(low density polyethylene-LDPE)试样在室温下进行了不同电场时的空间电荷和电导的同步测量,并根据空间电荷时空分布信息计算出位移电流和传导电流分布。结果表明:高(50kV/mm)电场下,半导电/LDPE试样/铝测量结构中LDPE内的位移电流明显低于传导电流,且传导电流的载流子主要源于电极的表面注入,杂质在高场下的解离对传导电流影响不明显。
