The objective of this research is to track the phase changes in Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulated signal in ZigBee communication systems using discrete Kalman Filter (KF). Therefore, Kalman Filtering is used ...The objective of this research is to track the phase changes in Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulated signal in ZigBee communication systems using discrete Kalman Filter (KF). Therefore, Kalman Filtering is used to estimate and optimize the carrier phase of BPSK modulated signal, in the presence of Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel, by minimizing the phase deviation error. Therefore, a simulation model, using MATLAB, will be created to demonstrate ZigBee transmission system with the impact of the integrated filter. The expected results will show that Kalman Filter tracks the phase of BPSK modulated signal correctly and the performance of tracking will be measured by Mean Square Error (MSE) with respect to Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). This study proposes a new method of phase tracking in ZigBee receivers in the presence of AWGN channel which can be extended to Internet of Things (IoT) applications.展开更多
Floods have caused significant human and economic losses in the Cazones River Basin, located on the Gulf of Mexico. Despite this knowledge, steps towards the design and implementation of an early warning system for th...Floods have caused significant human and economic losses in the Cazones River Basin, located on the Gulf of Mexico. Despite this knowledge, steps towards the design and implementation of an early warning system for the Cazones are still a pending task. In this study we contributed by establishing a hydrological scheme for forecasting mean daily discharges in the Cazones Basin. For these purposes, we calibrated, validated and compared the HyMod model (HM) which is physics-based, and an autoregressive-based model coupled with the Discrete Kalman Filter (ARX-DKF). The ability of both models to accurately predict discharges proved satisfactory results during the validation period with RMSE<sub>HYMOD</sub> = 2.77 [mm/day];and RMSE<sub>ARX-DKF</sub> = [2.38 mm/day]. Further analysis based on a Streamflow Assimilation Ratio (SAR) revealed that both models underestimate the discharges in a similar proportion. This evaluation also showed that, under the most common conditions, the simpler stochastic model (ARX-DKF) performs better;however, under extreme hydrological conditions the deterministic HM model reveals a better performance. These results are discussed under the context of future applications and additional requirements needed to implement an early warning hydrologic system for the Cazones Basin.展开更多
文摘The objective of this research is to track the phase changes in Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulated signal in ZigBee communication systems using discrete Kalman Filter (KF). Therefore, Kalman Filtering is used to estimate and optimize the carrier phase of BPSK modulated signal, in the presence of Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel, by minimizing the phase deviation error. Therefore, a simulation model, using MATLAB, will be created to demonstrate ZigBee transmission system with the impact of the integrated filter. The expected results will show that Kalman Filter tracks the phase of BPSK modulated signal correctly and the performance of tracking will be measured by Mean Square Error (MSE) with respect to Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). This study proposes a new method of phase tracking in ZigBee receivers in the presence of AWGN channel which can be extended to Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
文摘Floods have caused significant human and economic losses in the Cazones River Basin, located on the Gulf of Mexico. Despite this knowledge, steps towards the design and implementation of an early warning system for the Cazones are still a pending task. In this study we contributed by establishing a hydrological scheme for forecasting mean daily discharges in the Cazones Basin. For these purposes, we calibrated, validated and compared the HyMod model (HM) which is physics-based, and an autoregressive-based model coupled with the Discrete Kalman Filter (ARX-DKF). The ability of both models to accurately predict discharges proved satisfactory results during the validation period with RMSE<sub>HYMOD</sub> = 2.77 [mm/day];and RMSE<sub>ARX-DKF</sub> = [2.38 mm/day]. Further analysis based on a Streamflow Assimilation Ratio (SAR) revealed that both models underestimate the discharges in a similar proportion. This evaluation also showed that, under the most common conditions, the simpler stochastic model (ARX-DKF) performs better;however, under extreme hydrological conditions the deterministic HM model reveals a better performance. These results are discussed under the context of future applications and additional requirements needed to implement an early warning hydrologic system for the Cazones Basin.
