BACKGROUND B-cell lymphoma,unclassifiable,with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma(BCLu-DLBCL/cHL),also referred to as gray zone lymphoma(GZL),is known to share f...BACKGROUND B-cell lymphoma,unclassifiable,with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma(BCLu-DLBCL/cHL),also referred to as gray zone lymphoma(GZL),is known to share features with cHL and DLBCL.However,GZL is often difficult to diagnose.There is no consensus regarding the optimal therapeutic regimen.Most reported cases of GZL have been in Caucasian and Hispanic individuals,and its incidence is lower in African-American and Asian populations,including the Japanese population.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old female presented at our hospital with a growing mass on the right side of her neck.An elastic,soft mass measuring 9 cm×6 cm was palpable in the right cervical region.Laboratory analyses showed pancytopenia,increased serum lactate dehydrogenase levels,and markedly increased levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor.Enhanced computed tomography(CT)and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)/CT revealed multiple lesions throughout her body.She was diagnosed with GZL based on the characteristic pathological findings,the immunophenotype[CD20+,PAX5+,OCT2+/BOB1(focal+),CD30+,CD15-],and the strong positive expression of neoplastic programmed cell death protein ligand 1(PD-L1)in her lymphoma cells.The lymphoma was stage IV according to the Lugano classification and high-risk according to the International Prognostic Index for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma.The patient received cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine,prednisolone,and rituximab(R-CHOP)chemotherapy because the tumor cells were CD20+.She has remained in complete remission for 3 years.CONCLUSION GZL was diagnosed based on histopathology and immunophenotyping with ancillary PD-L1 positivity.R-CHOP chemotherapy was an effective treatment.展开更多
The relationships between lymphomas and their microenvironment appear to follow 3 major patterns:(1)an independent pattern;(2)a dependent pattern on deregulated interactions;and(3)a dependent pattern on regulated coex...The relationships between lymphomas and their microenvironment appear to follow 3 major patterns:(1)an independent pattern;(2)a dependent pattern on deregulated interactions;and(3)a dependent pattern on regulated coexistence.Typical examples of the third pattern are hepatitis C virus(HCV)-associated marginal zone lymphomas(MZLs)and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas.In these lymphomas,a regulated coexistence of the malignant cells and the microenvironmental factors usually occurs.At least initially,however,tumor development and cell growth largely depend on external signals from the microenvironment,such as viral antigens,cytokines,and cell-cell interactions.The association between HCV infection and B-cell lymphomas is not completely defined,although this association has been demonstrated by epidemiological studies.MZL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are the histotypes most frequently associated with HCV infection.Many mechanisms have been proposed for explaining HCV-induced lymphomagenesis;antigenic stimulation by HCV seems to be fundamental in establishing B-cell expansion as observed in mixed cryoglobulinemia and in B-cell lymphomas.Recently,antiviral treatment has been proved to be effective in the treatment of HCV-associated indolent lymphomas.Importantly,clinically responses were linked to the eradication of the HCV-RNA,providing a strong argument in favor of a causative link between HCV and lymphoproliferation.展开更多
There is plenty of data confirming that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a predisposing factor for a B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) outbreak, while relatively few reports have addressed the role of HCV ...There is plenty of data confirming that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a predisposing factor for a B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) outbreak, while relatively few reports have addressed the role of HCV in affecting B-NHL patients' outcome. HCV infection may influence the short-term outcome of B-NHL because of the emergence of severe hepatic toxicity (HT) during immunochemotherapy. Furthermore, the long term outcome of HCV-related liver disease and patients' quality of life will possibly be affected by Rituximab maintenance, multiple-lines of toxicity during chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this review, data dealing with aggressive and low-grade B-NHL were separately analyzed. The few retrospective papers reporting on aggressive B-NHL patients showed that HCV infection is a risk factor for the outbreak of severe HT during treatment. This adverse event not infrequently leads to the reduction of treatment density and intensity. Existing papers report that low-grade B-NHL patients with HCV infection may have a more widespread disease, more frequent relapses or a lower ORR compared to HCV-negative patients. Notwithstanding, there is no statistical evidence that the prognosis of HCV-positive patients is inferior to that of HCV-negative subjects. HCV-positive prospective studies and longer follow-up are necessary to ascertain if HCV-positive B-NHL patients have inferior outcomes and if there are long term sequels of immunochemotherapies on the progression of liver disease.展开更多
目的:分析介于弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤和伯基特淋巴瘤之间的未分类的B细胞淋巴瘤(B-cell lymphoma,unclassifiable,with features intermediate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma,DLBCL/BL)的临床特点、治疗与预后,增加对该病的认识。方法...目的:分析介于弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤和伯基特淋巴瘤之间的未分类的B细胞淋巴瘤(B-cell lymphoma,unclassifiable,with features intermediate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma,DLBCL/BL)的临床特点、治疗与预后,增加对该病的认识。方法:收集郑州大学第一附属医院2013年1月至2014年12月收治的13例DLBCL/BL患者临床病理资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,采用Log rank检验对临床分期、年龄、LDH水平、IPI评分、初治化疗方案等进行单因素分析。结果:13例患者中12例存在结外侵犯,13例患者的中位OS为10个月,中位PFS为6个月。单因素分析显示IPI评分、LDH水平与预后有统计学相关性,行CHOP、CHOP样与高强度化疗方案患者之间生存差异具有统计学意义(P=0.054)。结论:DLBCL/BL恶性程度高,生存期短,结外侵犯多见,对CHOP及CHOP样方案治疗反应差,高强度化疗可能改善预后,IPI评分≥3分及LDH升高是其不良预后因素。展开更多
机载激光雷达测深是近年来蓬勃发展的主动式水深测量方法,能够快速精准地获取近岸水深和水下地形,特别是对于浅海、岛礁等船只无法达到的区域具有显著优势。而机载激光雷达系统的测深能力主要受到水体浑浊度的影响。激光测深实验中对实...机载激光雷达测深是近年来蓬勃发展的主动式水深测量方法,能够快速精准地获取近岸水深和水下地形,特别是对于浅海、岛礁等船只无法达到的区域具有显著优势。而机载激光雷达系统的测深能力主要受到水体浑浊度的影响。激光测深实验中对实验区域的水体浑浊度研究将有助于实验方案的设计。以中国海南岛沿岸海域为例,研究了该海域水体浑浊度和机载激光雷达测深系统CZMIL(coastal zone mapping and imaging LiDAR)测深能力之间的关系,建立了运用水体漫衰减系数估算机载激光雷达测深系统测深能力的算法。首先分析并确定了实验区域的漫衰减系数K_d(490)反演算法;其次,运用该区域实测光学数据建立了漫衰减系数K_d(490)和K_d(532)之间的数值关系;接着总结了K_d(532)和CZMIL系统最大测深值之间的关系;最后运用MODIS数据合成了海南岛沿岸海域在CZMIL系统海道测量模式下的测深能力空间分布图,重点分析了海口和陵水附近海域的最大可测水深分布情况。为海南岛沿岸海域开展激光测深实验提供了参考和依据。展开更多
This paper presents quiet zone design using ultrasonic transducers for local active control in pure tone diffuse fields. Most of researches in local active noise control used conventional loudspeakers for the secondar...This paper presents quiet zone design using ultrasonic transducers for local active control in pure tone diffuse fields. Most of researches in local active noise control used conventional loudspeakers for the secondary sources to produce quiet zones. Recently ultrasonic transducers have been used for the secondary sources to control the plane wave in active noise control. However there is no research related to active noise control in diffuse fields using ultrasonic transducers. Therefore this study uses ultrasonic transducers for the secondary sources to control the diffuse fields. The quiet zone produced using ultrasonic transducers in single tone diffuse fields has been analyzed through simulations in this work. The results showed that quiet zones created using ultrasonic transducers were larger than those created using conventional loudspeakers. This is due to the fact that the audible sound pressure produced by the ultrasonic transducers decays slowly with the distance. Therefore the secondary field created by an ultrasonic transducer could fit the primary field better and the larger zone of quiet could be obtained using the ultrasonic transducer. Also the audible sound produced by the ultrasonic transducers is directional;therefore the sound pressure amplification outside the quiet zones was lower.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND B-cell lymphoma,unclassifiable,with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma(BCLu-DLBCL/cHL),also referred to as gray zone lymphoma(GZL),is known to share features with cHL and DLBCL.However,GZL is often difficult to diagnose.There is no consensus regarding the optimal therapeutic regimen.Most reported cases of GZL have been in Caucasian and Hispanic individuals,and its incidence is lower in African-American and Asian populations,including the Japanese population.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old female presented at our hospital with a growing mass on the right side of her neck.An elastic,soft mass measuring 9 cm×6 cm was palpable in the right cervical region.Laboratory analyses showed pancytopenia,increased serum lactate dehydrogenase levels,and markedly increased levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor.Enhanced computed tomography(CT)and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)/CT revealed multiple lesions throughout her body.She was diagnosed with GZL based on the characteristic pathological findings,the immunophenotype[CD20+,PAX5+,OCT2+/BOB1(focal+),CD30+,CD15-],and the strong positive expression of neoplastic programmed cell death protein ligand 1(PD-L1)in her lymphoma cells.The lymphoma was stage IV according to the Lugano classification and high-risk according to the International Prognostic Index for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma.The patient received cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine,prednisolone,and rituximab(R-CHOP)chemotherapy because the tumor cells were CD20+.She has remained in complete remission for 3 years.CONCLUSION GZL was diagnosed based on histopathology and immunophenotyping with ancillary PD-L1 positivity.R-CHOP chemotherapy was an effective treatment.
基金Supported by An Institutional grant from Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano for an intramural project"Agenti Infettivi e Tumori"to Carbone Aan Institutional grant from the Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Milano"Validation of a new algorithm for HPV status assessment in head and neck carcinoma"to Gloghini A
文摘The relationships between lymphomas and their microenvironment appear to follow 3 major patterns:(1)an independent pattern;(2)a dependent pattern on deregulated interactions;and(3)a dependent pattern on regulated coexistence.Typical examples of the third pattern are hepatitis C virus(HCV)-associated marginal zone lymphomas(MZLs)and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas.In these lymphomas,a regulated coexistence of the malignant cells and the microenvironmental factors usually occurs.At least initially,however,tumor development and cell growth largely depend on external signals from the microenvironment,such as viral antigens,cytokines,and cell-cell interactions.The association between HCV infection and B-cell lymphomas is not completely defined,although this association has been demonstrated by epidemiological studies.MZL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are the histotypes most frequently associated with HCV infection.Many mechanisms have been proposed for explaining HCV-induced lymphomagenesis;antigenic stimulation by HCV seems to be fundamental in establishing B-cell expansion as observed in mixed cryoglobulinemia and in B-cell lymphomas.Recently,antiviral treatment has been proved to be effective in the treatment of HCV-associated indolent lymphomas.Importantly,clinically responses were linked to the eradication of the HCV-RNA,providing a strong argument in favor of a causative link between HCV and lymphoproliferation.
文摘There is plenty of data confirming that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a predisposing factor for a B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) outbreak, while relatively few reports have addressed the role of HCV in affecting B-NHL patients' outcome. HCV infection may influence the short-term outcome of B-NHL because of the emergence of severe hepatic toxicity (HT) during immunochemotherapy. Furthermore, the long term outcome of HCV-related liver disease and patients' quality of life will possibly be affected by Rituximab maintenance, multiple-lines of toxicity during chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this review, data dealing with aggressive and low-grade B-NHL were separately analyzed. The few retrospective papers reporting on aggressive B-NHL patients showed that HCV infection is a risk factor for the outbreak of severe HT during treatment. This adverse event not infrequently leads to the reduction of treatment density and intensity. Existing papers report that low-grade B-NHL patients with HCV infection may have a more widespread disease, more frequent relapses or a lower ORR compared to HCV-negative patients. Notwithstanding, there is no statistical evidence that the prognosis of HCV-positive patients is inferior to that of HCV-negative subjects. HCV-positive prospective studies and longer follow-up are necessary to ascertain if HCV-positive B-NHL patients have inferior outcomes and if there are long term sequels of immunochemotherapies on the progression of liver disease.
文摘目的:分析介于弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤和伯基特淋巴瘤之间的未分类的B细胞淋巴瘤(B-cell lymphoma,unclassifiable,with features intermediate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma,DLBCL/BL)的临床特点、治疗与预后,增加对该病的认识。方法:收集郑州大学第一附属医院2013年1月至2014年12月收治的13例DLBCL/BL患者临床病理资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,采用Log rank检验对临床分期、年龄、LDH水平、IPI评分、初治化疗方案等进行单因素分析。结果:13例患者中12例存在结外侵犯,13例患者的中位OS为10个月,中位PFS为6个月。单因素分析显示IPI评分、LDH水平与预后有统计学相关性,行CHOP、CHOP样与高强度化疗方案患者之间生存差异具有统计学意义(P=0.054)。结论:DLBCL/BL恶性程度高,生存期短,结外侵犯多见,对CHOP及CHOP样方案治疗反应差,高强度化疗可能改善预后,IPI评分≥3分及LDH升高是其不良预后因素。
文摘机载激光雷达测深是近年来蓬勃发展的主动式水深测量方法,能够快速精准地获取近岸水深和水下地形,特别是对于浅海、岛礁等船只无法达到的区域具有显著优势。而机载激光雷达系统的测深能力主要受到水体浑浊度的影响。激光测深实验中对实验区域的水体浑浊度研究将有助于实验方案的设计。以中国海南岛沿岸海域为例,研究了该海域水体浑浊度和机载激光雷达测深系统CZMIL(coastal zone mapping and imaging LiDAR)测深能力之间的关系,建立了运用水体漫衰减系数估算机载激光雷达测深系统测深能力的算法。首先分析并确定了实验区域的漫衰减系数K_d(490)反演算法;其次,运用该区域实测光学数据建立了漫衰减系数K_d(490)和K_d(532)之间的数值关系;接着总结了K_d(532)和CZMIL系统最大测深值之间的关系;最后运用MODIS数据合成了海南岛沿岸海域在CZMIL系统海道测量模式下的测深能力空间分布图,重点分析了海口和陵水附近海域的最大可测水深分布情况。为海南岛沿岸海域开展激光测深实验提供了参考和依据。
文摘This paper presents quiet zone design using ultrasonic transducers for local active control in pure tone diffuse fields. Most of researches in local active noise control used conventional loudspeakers for the secondary sources to produce quiet zones. Recently ultrasonic transducers have been used for the secondary sources to control the plane wave in active noise control. However there is no research related to active noise control in diffuse fields using ultrasonic transducers. Therefore this study uses ultrasonic transducers for the secondary sources to control the diffuse fields. The quiet zone produced using ultrasonic transducers in single tone diffuse fields has been analyzed through simulations in this work. The results showed that quiet zones created using ultrasonic transducers were larger than those created using conventional loudspeakers. This is due to the fact that the audible sound pressure produced by the ultrasonic transducers decays slowly with the distance. Therefore the secondary field created by an ultrasonic transducer could fit the primary field better and the larger zone of quiet could be obtained using the ultrasonic transducer. Also the audible sound produced by the ultrasonic transducers is directional;therefore the sound pressure amplification outside the quiet zones was lower.
