Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature undersc...Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature underscores the significance of HA in maintaining tissue water balance, fostering cell proliferation, promoting rapid cell migration, influencing cell differentiation during organism development, and facilitating tissue regeneration. Notably, HA’s interactions with cell surface receptors contribute to the viscosity of synovial fluid, activate the immune system, and enhance cartilage elasticity. Beyond these established functions, HA has also been investigated for its potential involvement in determining and studying the hormetic effects of radon water, adding a novel dimension to its applications in dental research. A thorough exploration of existing studies reveals a nuanced understanding of how HA interventions impact the outcomes of dental procedures. The comprehensive scope of these investigations allows for a more accurate assessment of the potential effectiveness of specific interventions and provides valuable insights into post-procedural prognoses for individual patients. This synthesis of literature serves as the foundation for elucidating the intricate interplay between HA, radon exposure, and their relevance in modern dental practices.展开更多
For omnivores to determine whether an unfamiliar item is an appropriate food, they could rely on personal information from sampling it themselves or rely on less risky observation of whether other individuals eat the ...For omnivores to determine whether an unfamiliar item is an appropriate food, they could rely on personal information from sampling it themselves or rely on less risky observation of whether other individuals eat the item. Availability of information about food from social companions in group-living species is one of the benefits of group life. Adults of solitary-living species, however, seem typically less likely to rely on social information about food choice. If an individual faced a nutritional deficit, it would seem to increase the value of public information. This study addresses whether dietary restriction from certain nutrients (sodium, potassium, protein, carbohydrates) affects reliance on information about food from conspecifics. Without nutrient restriction, group-living Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) preferred the diet that they smelled on the breath of a conspecific demonstrator, but solitary-living Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) avoided it. Protein restriction yielded similar results as measured one hour into a diet choice test. Potassium restriction, however, reversed the pattern: rats avoided the demonstrator’s diet but hamsters preferred it. Clearly, the valence of social information depended on the nutrient from which individuals were restricted and the species under study. This could be related to the contrasting social organization that members of each species generate. Neither species relied on social information about the availability of a nutrient from which they were restricted if they could taste that nutrient for themselves (sodium, carbohydrates).展开更多
为研究特殊氨基酸在动物体内的生物感知和生理作用,测定了果蝇对20种氨基酸的饮食偏好性及进食量,并检测了不同氨基酸对果蝇运动水平的影响.研究发现,不同性别的果蝇对于不同种类的氨基酸具有独特的进食偏好,而苏氨酸可以显著影响果蝇...为研究特殊氨基酸在动物体内的生物感知和生理作用,测定了果蝇对20种氨基酸的饮食偏好性及进食量,并检测了不同氨基酸对果蝇运动水平的影响.研究发现,不同性别的果蝇对于不同种类的氨基酸具有独特的进食偏好,而苏氨酸可以显著影响果蝇的运动能力.进一步以苏氨酸为主要研究对象,对果蝇三龄幼虫给予饥饿、苏氨酸、蔗糖以及苏氨酸混合蔗糖的饮食处理,通过转录组高通量测序,分析组间基因差异.通过Gene Ontology和Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes富集分析发现,苏氨酸进食特异地对于果蝇的固醇类激素和氧化还原信号产生影响.进一步利用实时荧光定量PCR,对筛选获得的8个差异表达基因进行了验证,并通过对比成虫和幼虫发现不同发育阶段对于苏氨酸的响应可能存在较大差异.本工作为进一步深入研究特定氨基酸在动物中的感知和代谢调节提供了现象基础,并为发现其具体分子机制提供了基因表达的线索.展开更多
文摘Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature underscores the significance of HA in maintaining tissue water balance, fostering cell proliferation, promoting rapid cell migration, influencing cell differentiation during organism development, and facilitating tissue regeneration. Notably, HA’s interactions with cell surface receptors contribute to the viscosity of synovial fluid, activate the immune system, and enhance cartilage elasticity. Beyond these established functions, HA has also been investigated for its potential involvement in determining and studying the hormetic effects of radon water, adding a novel dimension to its applications in dental research. A thorough exploration of existing studies reveals a nuanced understanding of how HA interventions impact the outcomes of dental procedures. The comprehensive scope of these investigations allows for a more accurate assessment of the potential effectiveness of specific interventions and provides valuable insights into post-procedural prognoses for individual patients. This synthesis of literature serves as the foundation for elucidating the intricate interplay between HA, radon exposure, and their relevance in modern dental practices.
文摘For omnivores to determine whether an unfamiliar item is an appropriate food, they could rely on personal information from sampling it themselves or rely on less risky observation of whether other individuals eat the item. Availability of information about food from social companions in group-living species is one of the benefits of group life. Adults of solitary-living species, however, seem typically less likely to rely on social information about food choice. If an individual faced a nutritional deficit, it would seem to increase the value of public information. This study addresses whether dietary restriction from certain nutrients (sodium, potassium, protein, carbohydrates) affects reliance on information about food from conspecifics. Without nutrient restriction, group-living Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) preferred the diet that they smelled on the breath of a conspecific demonstrator, but solitary-living Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) avoided it. Protein restriction yielded similar results as measured one hour into a diet choice test. Potassium restriction, however, reversed the pattern: rats avoided the demonstrator’s diet but hamsters preferred it. Clearly, the valence of social information depended on the nutrient from which individuals were restricted and the species under study. This could be related to the contrasting social organization that members of each species generate. Neither species relied on social information about the availability of a nutrient from which they were restricted if they could taste that nutrient for themselves (sodium, carbohydrates).
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2070000187)
文摘为研究特殊氨基酸在动物体内的生物感知和生理作用,测定了果蝇对20种氨基酸的饮食偏好性及进食量,并检测了不同氨基酸对果蝇运动水平的影响.研究发现,不同性别的果蝇对于不同种类的氨基酸具有独特的进食偏好,而苏氨酸可以显著影响果蝇的运动能力.进一步以苏氨酸为主要研究对象,对果蝇三龄幼虫给予饥饿、苏氨酸、蔗糖以及苏氨酸混合蔗糖的饮食处理,通过转录组高通量测序,分析组间基因差异.通过Gene Ontology和Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes富集分析发现,苏氨酸进食特异地对于果蝇的固醇类激素和氧化还原信号产生影响.进一步利用实时荧光定量PCR,对筛选获得的8个差异表达基因进行了验证,并通过对比成虫和幼虫发现不同发育阶段对于苏氨酸的响应可能存在较大差异.本工作为进一步深入研究特定氨基酸在动物中的感知和代谢调节提供了现象基础,并为发现其具体分子机制提供了基因表达的线索.
