基于东亚酸沉降监测网(Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia,EANET)的湿沉降观测数据,分析了2000~2017年西安市大气降水化学特征、沉降特征以及潜在来源.结果表明,2000~2017年西安市降水pH和电导率的变化分别呈上升和下降...基于东亚酸沉降监测网(Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia,EANET)的湿沉降观测数据,分析了2000~2017年西安市大气降水化学特征、沉降特征以及潜在来源.结果表明,2000~2017年西安市降水pH和电导率的变化分别呈上升和下降趋势;大气降水中离子平均浓度大小依次为SO4^2->Ca^2+>NH4^+>NO3^->Na^+>Cl^->Mg^2+>K+,其中SO4^2-浓度占总离子的比值由2000年的38.6%降低到2017年的27.9%.近年来的SO4^2-和NO3^-的比值表明,西安市大气污染物排放类型有由燃煤型向混合型转变的趋势.近十几年来SO4^2-的沉降量整体呈下降趋势,与Mann-Kendall检验所得结果基本一致.西安市大气降水中氮和硫的沉降量分别为16.89 kg·(hm2·a)^-1和33.52 kg·(hm2·a)^-1,并且NH4+-N为西安市大气活性氮的主要沉降成分.机动车排放既是SO42-的主要贡献者,又是NO3-的主要贡献者,对SO4^2-和NO3^-的贡献占比分别为15.43%和72.99%.对NH4^+贡献最大的是农业源,占比达到75.47%.展开更多
Stellite 6 powders were deposited on low carbon steel using SLD (supersonic laser deposition) under optimized parameters. The structure, line scan of elements and porosity of coating were examined and analyzed using...Stellite 6 powders were deposited on low carbon steel using SLD (supersonic laser deposition) under optimized parameters. The structure, line scan of elements and porosity of coating were examined and analyzed using SEM (scanning electron microscope), OM (optical microscope) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The adhesion strength between coating and substrate was tested by PAT-ADHESION/TENSILE and E900STM adhesive. The results showed the deposition characteristics of optimized coating with N2 at a pressure of 3.0 MPa, a temperature of 450 ℃ and a laser power of 1.5 kW were compared with those of Stellite 6 coating deposited by the HVOF (high velocity oxygen fuel).展开更多
三塘湖盆地北小湖油田侏罗系八道湾组油藏储集层的骨架砂体,属于南物源,为淡水环境下沉积的辩状河三角洲分流河道和前缘河口砂坝砂体。储集层岩石学总的特征为结构成熟度较高、成分成熟度较低,成分分类属岩屑砂岩。储集层为中低孔、中低...三塘湖盆地北小湖油田侏罗系八道湾组油藏储集层的骨架砂体,属于南物源,为淡水环境下沉积的辩状河三角洲分流河道和前缘河口砂坝砂体。储集层岩石学总的特征为结构成熟度较高、成分成熟度较低,成分分类属岩屑砂岩。储集层为中低孔、中低渗,裂缝发育大大改善了储层的渗透特征。储集空间以原生的粒间孔隙和次生的粒间、粒内溶孔为主,其孔隙结构特征以中孔、中细喉、中细歪度、分选较好为特征。影响储集层性能的主要成岩作用以压实作用、胶结作用和溶解作用为主,成岩阶段为晚成岩 A 亚期。综合评价认为北小湖油田八道湾组为中等储层。展开更多
文摘基于东亚酸沉降监测网(Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia,EANET)的湿沉降观测数据,分析了2000~2017年西安市大气降水化学特征、沉降特征以及潜在来源.结果表明,2000~2017年西安市降水pH和电导率的变化分别呈上升和下降趋势;大气降水中离子平均浓度大小依次为SO4^2->Ca^2+>NH4^+>NO3^->Na^+>Cl^->Mg^2+>K+,其中SO4^2-浓度占总离子的比值由2000年的38.6%降低到2017年的27.9%.近年来的SO4^2-和NO3^-的比值表明,西安市大气污染物排放类型有由燃煤型向混合型转变的趋势.近十几年来SO4^2-的沉降量整体呈下降趋势,与Mann-Kendall检验所得结果基本一致.西安市大气降水中氮和硫的沉降量分别为16.89 kg·(hm2·a)^-1和33.52 kg·(hm2·a)^-1,并且NH4+-N为西安市大气活性氮的主要沉降成分.机动车排放既是SO42-的主要贡献者,又是NO3-的主要贡献者,对SO4^2-和NO3^-的贡献占比分别为15.43%和72.99%.对NH4^+贡献最大的是农业源,占比达到75.47%.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51271170)National International Technology Cooperation Project of China(KM JD2011010 )+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(Y4110594)Open Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing Technology of China(2011EM009 )
文摘Stellite 6 powders were deposited on low carbon steel using SLD (supersonic laser deposition) under optimized parameters. The structure, line scan of elements and porosity of coating were examined and analyzed using SEM (scanning electron microscope), OM (optical microscope) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The adhesion strength between coating and substrate was tested by PAT-ADHESION/TENSILE and E900STM adhesive. The results showed the deposition characteristics of optimized coating with N2 at a pressure of 3.0 MPa, a temperature of 450 ℃ and a laser power of 1.5 kW were compared with those of Stellite 6 coating deposited by the HVOF (high velocity oxygen fuel).
文摘三塘湖盆地北小湖油田侏罗系八道湾组油藏储集层的骨架砂体,属于南物源,为淡水环境下沉积的辩状河三角洲分流河道和前缘河口砂坝砂体。储集层岩石学总的特征为结构成熟度较高、成分成熟度较低,成分分类属岩屑砂岩。储集层为中低孔、中低渗,裂缝发育大大改善了储层的渗透特征。储集空间以原生的粒间孔隙和次生的粒间、粒内溶孔为主,其孔隙结构特征以中孔、中细喉、中细歪度、分选较好为特征。影响储集层性能的主要成岩作用以压实作用、胶结作用和溶解作用为主,成岩阶段为晚成岩 A 亚期。综合评价认为北小湖油田八道湾组为中等储层。