利用高空、地面常规观测资料,FY-2G黑体亮度温度TBB资料和ECWMF 0. 125°×0. 125°高分辨率资料,对2018年1月3日陕西区域性暴雪进行诊断。结果表明:500 h Pa切断低压分裂低槽、700 h Pa西南急流和850 h Pa东风回流是暴雪...利用高空、地面常规观测资料,FY-2G黑体亮度温度TBB资料和ECWMF 0. 125°×0. 125°高分辨率资料,对2018年1月3日陕西区域性暴雪进行诊断。结果表明:500 h Pa切断低压分裂低槽、700 h Pa西南急流和850 h Pa东风回流是暴雪发生的主要影响系统。700 h Pa强西南急流、偏东气流分别携带来自孟加拉湾和东海的充沛水汽是产生区域性暴雪的重要原因之一;中层冷空气的侵入是本次暴雪发生的主要触发机制;高层辐散与低层辐合的有利配置导致的强上升运动和中低层深厚正涡度的发展和维持是暴雪形成的动力机制。长约1100 km、宽约200 km、TBB≤-40℃的狭长云带东移过程中发展的TBB最低为-52℃、尺度为20~100 km的中-β尺度对流云团是造成小时降雪量超过2. 0 mm、产生区域性暴雪的主要原因。本次暴雪属于冷季高架对流,对称条件不稳定导致的倾斜对流使上升运动加强,雷达回波表现为平行于0~6 km垂直风切变的平行带状结构,且雪带随气流移动。展开更多
In situ measurements of the vertical structure of ozone were made in Changchun （43.53°N, 125.13°E）, China, by the Institute of Atmosphere Physics, in the summers of 2010-13. Analysis of the 89 validated oz...In situ measurements of the vertical structure of ozone were made in Changchun （43.53°N, 125.13°E）, China, by the Institute of Atmosphere Physics, in the summers of 2010-13. Analysis of the 89 validated ozone profiles shows the vari- ation of ozone concentration in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere （UTLS） caused by cut-off lows （COLs） over Changchun. During the COL events, an increase of the ozone concentration and a lower height of the tropopause are observed. Backward simulations with a trajectory model show that the ozone-rich airmass brought by the COL is from Siberia. A case study proves that stratosphere-troposphere exchange （STE） occurs in the COL. The ozone-rich air mass transported from the stratosphere to the troposphere first becomes unstable, then loses its high ozone concentration. This process usually happens during the decay stage of COLs. In order to understand the influence of COLs on the ozone in the UTLS, statistical analysis of the ozone profiles within COLs, and other profiles, are employed. The results indicate that the ozone concentrations of the in-COL profiles are significantly higher than those of the other profiles between ±4 km around the tropopause. The COLs induce an increase in UTLS column ozone by 32% on average. Meanwhile, the COLs depress the lapse-rate tropopause （LRT）/dynamical tropopause height by 1.4/1.7 km and cause the atmosphere above the tropopause to be less stable. The influence of COLs is durable because the increased ozone concentration lasts at least one day after the COL has passed over Changchun. Furthermore, the relative coefficient between LRT height and lower stratosphere （LS） column ozone is -0.62, which implies a positive correlation between COL strength and LS ozone concentration.展开更多
利用ERA-Interim高分辨率臭氧资料和NCEP再分析资料,对比分析了不同类型(浅薄型和深厚型)、不同强度(针对深厚型)的东亚切断低压过程中伴随平流层空气入侵引起的上对流层-下平流层UTLS(Upper Troposphere-Low er Stratosphere)区域臭氧...利用ERA-Interim高分辨率臭氧资料和NCEP再分析资料,对比分析了不同类型(浅薄型和深厚型)、不同强度(针对深厚型)的东亚切断低压过程中伴随平流层空气入侵引起的上对流层-下平流层UTLS(Upper Troposphere-Low er Stratosphere)区域臭氧变化情况,结果表明:(1)深厚型和浅薄型切断低压过程中均出现了平流层臭氧入侵现象。在300 h Pa上,存在浅薄型切断低压引起的臭氧增量与深厚型切断低压相当的情况。在垂直分布上,深厚型个例臭氧浓度升高范围集中在对流层中上层至平流层下层区域,而浅薄个例中的臭氧浓度上升只集中发生在对流层中上层。(2)切断低压引起的UTLS区域臭氧浓度高值分布范围及臭氧含量大小与系统本身强度存在一定的联系。强度较强的深厚型切断低压过程中动力学对流层顶下降深度和入侵的臭氧浓度均远大于强度较弱的深厚型切断低压。(3)在选取11年臭氧平均值和11年当月臭氧平均值分别作为距平基准进行对比分析时发现,不同类型和强度的切断低压对比结果不受不同臭氧基准态选取的影响。展开更多
文摘利用高空、地面常规观测资料,FY-2G黑体亮度温度TBB资料和ECWMF 0. 125°×0. 125°高分辨率资料,对2018年1月3日陕西区域性暴雪进行诊断。结果表明:500 h Pa切断低压分裂低槽、700 h Pa西南急流和850 h Pa东风回流是暴雪发生的主要影响系统。700 h Pa强西南急流、偏东气流分别携带来自孟加拉湾和东海的充沛水汽是产生区域性暴雪的重要原因之一;中层冷空气的侵入是本次暴雪发生的主要触发机制;高层辐散与低层辐合的有利配置导致的强上升运动和中低层深厚正涡度的发展和维持是暴雪形成的动力机制。长约1100 km、宽约200 km、TBB≤-40℃的狭长云带东移过程中发展的TBB最低为-52℃、尺度为20~100 km的中-β尺度对流云团是造成小时降雪量超过2. 0 mm、产生区域性暴雪的主要原因。本次暴雪属于冷季高架对流,对称条件不稳定导致的倾斜对流使上升运动加强,雷达回波表现为平行于0~6 km垂直风切变的平行带状结构,且雪带随气流移动。
基金jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2010CB428602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41275046 and 41025017)
文摘In situ measurements of the vertical structure of ozone were made in Changchun （43.53°N, 125.13°E）, China, by the Institute of Atmosphere Physics, in the summers of 2010-13. Analysis of the 89 validated ozone profiles shows the vari- ation of ozone concentration in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere （UTLS） caused by cut-off lows （COLs） over Changchun. During the COL events, an increase of the ozone concentration and a lower height of the tropopause are observed. Backward simulations with a trajectory model show that the ozone-rich airmass brought by the COL is from Siberia. A case study proves that stratosphere-troposphere exchange （STE） occurs in the COL. The ozone-rich air mass transported from the stratosphere to the troposphere first becomes unstable, then loses its high ozone concentration. This process usually happens during the decay stage of COLs. In order to understand the influence of COLs on the ozone in the UTLS, statistical analysis of the ozone profiles within COLs, and other profiles, are employed. The results indicate that the ozone concentrations of the in-COL profiles are significantly higher than those of the other profiles between ±4 km around the tropopause. The COLs induce an increase in UTLS column ozone by 32% on average. Meanwhile, the COLs depress the lapse-rate tropopause （LRT）/dynamical tropopause height by 1.4/1.7 km and cause the atmosphere above the tropopause to be less stable. The influence of COLs is durable because the increased ozone concentration lasts at least one day after the COL has passed over Changchun. Furthermore, the relative coefficient between LRT height and lower stratosphere （LS） column ozone is -0.62, which implies a positive correlation between COL strength and LS ozone concentration.
文摘利用ERA-Interim高分辨率臭氧资料和NCEP再分析资料,对比分析了不同类型(浅薄型和深厚型)、不同强度(针对深厚型)的东亚切断低压过程中伴随平流层空气入侵引起的上对流层-下平流层UTLS(Upper Troposphere-Low er Stratosphere)区域臭氧变化情况,结果表明:(1)深厚型和浅薄型切断低压过程中均出现了平流层臭氧入侵现象。在300 h Pa上,存在浅薄型切断低压引起的臭氧增量与深厚型切断低压相当的情况。在垂直分布上,深厚型个例臭氧浓度升高范围集中在对流层中上层至平流层下层区域,而浅薄个例中的臭氧浓度上升只集中发生在对流层中上层。(2)切断低压引起的UTLS区域臭氧浓度高值分布范围及臭氧含量大小与系统本身强度存在一定的联系。强度较强的深厚型切断低压过程中动力学对流层顶下降深度和入侵的臭氧浓度均远大于强度较弱的深厚型切断低压。(3)在选取11年臭氧平均值和11年当月臭氧平均值分别作为距平基准进行对比分析时发现,不同类型和强度的切断低压对比结果不受不同臭氧基准态选取的影响。
