According to Hypersphere World-Universe Model, dark matter particles DIRACs are magnetic dipoles consisting of two Dirac’s monopoles. We conclude that DIRACs are the subject of Maxwell’s equations. So-called “auxil...According to Hypersphere World-Universe Model, dark matter particles DIRACs are magnetic dipoles consisting of two Dirac’s monopoles. We conclude that DIRACs are the subject of Maxwell’s equations. So-called “auxiliary” magnetic field intensity H is indeed current density of magnetic dipoles. The developed approach to magnetic field can explain a wealth of discovered phenomena in Cosmic Magnetism: a dark magnetic field, the large-scale structure of the Milky Way’s magnetic field, and other magnetic phenomena which are only partly related to objects visible in other spectral ranges.展开更多
Eddy currents produced by a time-varying magnetic field will introduce time delay and thus affect field quality. This effect leads to drifting of the beam position over time, especially for a compact synchrotron.Simul...Eddy currents produced by a time-varying magnetic field will introduce time delay and thus affect field quality. This effect leads to drifting of the beam position over time, especially for a compact synchrotron.Simulations and measurements of different dipoles have been performed, to investigate the time delay and field quality. The simulations are conducted using OPERA software. The measurements are conducted using a long coil and Hall sensor. All results show that the magnetic field deviation is up to 0.4% for the dipole with stainless steel endplates. The simulations show that the main sources of eddy current are the field saturation effect and the field component Bz, introduced by the bedstead-type coil. Field correction using a power supply is adopted to reduce the deviation to less than 0.02%.展开更多
Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)(BMN)doped and undoped B_(0.45)Sr_(0.55)TiO_(3)(BST)thin films were deposited via radio frequency magnetron sputtering on PUTiO_(2)/SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) substrates.The surface morphology and ch...Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)(BMN)doped and undoped B_(0.45)Sr_(0.55)TiO_(3)(BST)thin films were deposited via radio frequency magnetron sputtering on PUTiO_(2)/SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) substrates.The surface morphology and chemical state analyses of the films have shown that the BMN doped BST film has a smoother surface with reduced oxygen vacancy,resulting in an improved insulating properties of the BST film.Dielectric tunability,loss,and leakage current(LC)of the undoped and BMN doped BST thin flms were studied.The BMN dopant has remarkably reduced the dielectric loss(~38%)with no significant effect on the tunability of the BST film,leading to an increase in figure of merit(FOM).This is attributed to the opposing behavior of large Mg2+whose detrimental effect on tunability is partially compensated by small Nb5+as the two substitute Ti4+in the BST.The coupling between Mg″_(Ti)and V_(o)charged defects suppresses the dielectric loss in the film by cutting electrons from hopping between Ti ions.The LC of the films was investigated in the temperature range of 300-450K.A reduced LC measured for the BMN doped BST film was correlated to the formation of defect dipoles from Mg″_(Ti),V_(o)and Nb_(Ti) charged defects.The carrier transport properties of the films were analyzed in light of Schottky thermionic emission(SE)and Poole-Frenkel(PF)enmission mechanisms.The result indicated that while the carrier transport mechanism in the undoped film is interface limited(SE),the conduction in the BMN doped film was dominated by bulk processes(PF).The change of the conduction mechanism from SE to PF as a result of BMN doping is atributed to the presence of uncoupled Nb_(Ti) stting as a positive trap center at the shallow donor level of the BST.展开更多
文摘According to Hypersphere World-Universe Model, dark matter particles DIRACs are magnetic dipoles consisting of two Dirac’s monopoles. We conclude that DIRACs are the subject of Maxwell’s equations. So-called “auxiliary” magnetic field intensity H is indeed current density of magnetic dipoles. The developed approach to magnetic field can explain a wealth of discovered phenomena in Cosmic Magnetism: a dark magnetic field, the large-scale structure of the Milky Way’s magnetic field, and other magnetic phenomena which are only partly related to objects visible in other spectral ranges.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.20150210)
文摘Eddy currents produced by a time-varying magnetic field will introduce time delay and thus affect field quality. This effect leads to drifting of the beam position over time, especially for a compact synchrotron.Simulations and measurements of different dipoles have been performed, to investigate the time delay and field quality. The simulations are conducted using OPERA software. The measurements are conducted using a long coil and Hall sensor. All results show that the magnetic field deviation is up to 0.4% for the dipole with stainless steel endplates. The simulations show that the main sources of eddy current are the field saturation effect and the field component Bz, introduced by the bedstead-type coil. Field correction using a power supply is adopted to reduce the deviation to less than 0.02%.
基金This publication is based on research sponsored by the Defense Microelectronics Activity(DMEA)under agreement number H94003-11-2-1103.
文摘Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)(BMN)doped and undoped B_(0.45)Sr_(0.55)TiO_(3)(BST)thin films were deposited via radio frequency magnetron sputtering on PUTiO_(2)/SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) substrates.The surface morphology and chemical state analyses of the films have shown that the BMN doped BST film has a smoother surface with reduced oxygen vacancy,resulting in an improved insulating properties of the BST film.Dielectric tunability,loss,and leakage current(LC)of the undoped and BMN doped BST thin flms were studied.The BMN dopant has remarkably reduced the dielectric loss(~38%)with no significant effect on the tunability of the BST film,leading to an increase in figure of merit(FOM).This is attributed to the opposing behavior of large Mg2+whose detrimental effect on tunability is partially compensated by small Nb5+as the two substitute Ti4+in the BST.The coupling between Mg″_(Ti)and V_(o)charged defects suppresses the dielectric loss in the film by cutting electrons from hopping between Ti ions.The LC of the films was investigated in the temperature range of 300-450K.A reduced LC measured for the BMN doped BST film was correlated to the formation of defect dipoles from Mg″_(Ti),V_(o)and Nb_(Ti) charged defects.The carrier transport properties of the films were analyzed in light of Schottky thermionic emission(SE)and Poole-Frenkel(PF)enmission mechanisms.The result indicated that while the carrier transport mechanism in the undoped film is interface limited(SE),the conduction in the BMN doped film was dominated by bulk processes(PF).The change of the conduction mechanism from SE to PF as a result of BMN doping is atributed to the presence of uncoupled Nb_(Ti) stting as a positive trap center at the shallow donor level of the BST.
