Global large-scale urbanization and climate change have become indisputable scientific facts yet are unresolved issues,and are a common concern for mankind.The relationship between these two topics is unclear and it i...Global large-scale urbanization and climate change have become indisputable scientific facts yet are unresolved issues,and are a common concern for mankind.The relationship between these two topics is unclear and it is not known how to deal appropriately at the scientific level with climate change in the process of urbanization.Further exploration of the science,management and practice,are needed to achieve global and regional sustainadevelopment.This paper first considers the basic facts concerning mass urbanization and climate change and summarizes the interactions and possible mechanisms of urbanization and climate change.Urbanization leads to the heat island effect,an uneven distribution of precipitation and extreme weather,together with a local-regional-global multi-scale superposition effect,which aggravates the consequences of global climate change.The impact of climate change on urbanization is mainly manifested in aspects such as changes of energy consumption,mortality,and the spread of infectious diseases,sea level rise,extreme weather damage to infrastructure,and water shortages.This paper also briefly reviews relevant international research programs and action coalitions and puts forward an analysis framework multi-dimensional sustainable urbanization which can adapt to and mitigate climate change,from the perspective of the four key dimensions—population,land use,economy,and society.It is imperative that we strengthen the interdisciplinary activities involving the natural and social sciences,take urbanization and other human activities into consideration of the land-atmosphere system,and explore the human-land-atmosphere coupling process.The adaptation and mitigation from the perspective of human activities,as represented by urbanization,might be the most critical and realistic way to deal with climate change.展开更多
Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of...Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of Qi Gong practice has hindered the high-quality study to evaluate its health benefits.Methods: To develop such quantitative measures, vital sign changes in Qi Gong meditation practice of a single individual were monitored for 5 years by wearable devices.Results: This retrospective and exploratory analysis revealed significant changes in blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, and perfusion index in response to Qi Gong practice and physiological adaptation to its long-term training. Among the physiological changes in vital signs, a physiological state with a significant 2-fold increase in pulse-respiration rate ratio was detected during Qi Gong meditation while the ratios were maintained at 4 under resting, sleeping, and mild cycling conditions.Conclusion: This is an inaugural report of a five-year longitudinal observation of this kind. Once validated in a well-designed cohort study, these non-invasive and easily obtained vital signs may be used as biomarkers to assess the adherence to breathing control during Qi Gong practice and can be applied to quantify the quality of Qi Gong practice in clinical trials with Qi Gong intervention.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41822104,No.42042027The Chinese Academy of Sciences Basic Frontier Science Research Program from 0 to 1 Original Innovation Project,No.ZDBS-LY-DQC005+2 种基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA23100301The Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.2017072。
文摘Global large-scale urbanization and climate change have become indisputable scientific facts yet are unresolved issues,and are a common concern for mankind.The relationship between these two topics is unclear and it is not known how to deal appropriately at the scientific level with climate change in the process of urbanization.Further exploration of the science,management and practice,are needed to achieve global and regional sustainadevelopment.This paper first considers the basic facts concerning mass urbanization and climate change and summarizes the interactions and possible mechanisms of urbanization and climate change.Urbanization leads to the heat island effect,an uneven distribution of precipitation and extreme weather,together with a local-regional-global multi-scale superposition effect,which aggravates the consequences of global climate change.The impact of climate change on urbanization is mainly manifested in aspects such as changes of energy consumption,mortality,and the spread of infectious diseases,sea level rise,extreme weather damage to infrastructure,and water shortages.This paper also briefly reviews relevant international research programs and action coalitions and puts forward an analysis framework multi-dimensional sustainable urbanization which can adapt to and mitigate climate change,from the perspective of the four key dimensions—population,land use,economy,and society.It is imperative that we strengthen the interdisciplinary activities involving the natural and social sciences,take urbanization and other human activities into consideration of the land-atmosphere system,and explore the human-land-atmosphere coupling process.The adaptation and mitigation from the perspective of human activities,as represented by urbanization,might be the most critical and realistic way to deal with climate change.
文摘Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of Qi Gong practice has hindered the high-quality study to evaluate its health benefits.Methods: To develop such quantitative measures, vital sign changes in Qi Gong meditation practice of a single individual were monitored for 5 years by wearable devices.Results: This retrospective and exploratory analysis revealed significant changes in blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, and perfusion index in response to Qi Gong practice and physiological adaptation to its long-term training. Among the physiological changes in vital signs, a physiological state with a significant 2-fold increase in pulse-respiration rate ratio was detected during Qi Gong meditation while the ratios were maintained at 4 under resting, sleeping, and mild cycling conditions.Conclusion: This is an inaugural report of a five-year longitudinal observation of this kind. Once validated in a well-designed cohort study, these non-invasive and easily obtained vital signs may be used as biomarkers to assess the adherence to breathing control during Qi Gong practice and can be applied to quantify the quality of Qi Gong practice in clinical trials with Qi Gong intervention.
