Complex product development will inevitably face the design planning of the multi-coupled activities, and overlapping these activities could potentially reduce product development time, but there is a risk of the addi...Complex product development will inevitably face the design planning of the multi-coupled activities, and overlapping these activities could potentially reduce product development time, but there is a risk of the additional cost. Although the downstream task information dependence to the upstream task is already considered in the current researches, but the design process overall iteration caused by the information interdependence between activities is hardly discussed; especially the impact on the design process＇ overall iteration from the valid information accumulation process. Secondly, most studies only focus on the single overlapping process of two activities, rarely take multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping process of multi coupled activities into account; especially the inherent link between product development time and cost which originates from the overlapping process of multi coupled activities. For the purpose of solving the above problems, as to the insufficiency of the accumulated valid information in overlapping process, the function of the valid information evolution （VIE） degree is constructed. Stochastic process theory is used to describe the design information exchange and the valid information accumulation in the overlapping segment, and then the planning models of the single overlapping segment are built. On these bases, by analyzing overlapping processes and overlapping features of multi-coupling activities, multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping planning models are built; by sorting overlapping processes and analyzing the construction of these planning models, two conclusions are obtained： （1） As to multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping of multi coupled activities, the total decrement of the task set development time is the sum of the time decrement caused by basic overlapping segments, and minus the sum of the time increment caused by multiple overlapping segments; （2） the total increment of development cost is the sum of the cost increment caused by all overlapping pr展开更多
This work mainly articulated the effects of nozzle structure on arc characteristics in gas pool coupled activating TIG （GPCA-TIG） welding process by using Fluent Software. Different models were set up to adapt the d...This work mainly articulated the effects of nozzle structure on arc characteristics in gas pool coupled activating TIG （GPCA-TIG） welding process by using Fluent Software. Different models were set up to adapt the different torch structure during computer progress. The specific configuration of the welding torch made the gas flow in outer gas passage constrained. The nozzle structure has great influence on outer gas distribution because of the changing of coupling region between the outer active gas and molten pool surface. When the coupling degree is reduced or the outer gas passage become smaller, the oxygen in outer gas penetrates into the arc plasma and spreads to the arc region more easily. Owing to its cooling effects, the morphology of arc is contracted, and the arc temperature is increased. When the inner wall and the outer wall of outer gas passage are not parallel, the wide top and narrow bottom nozzle shape can bring more oxygen into the arc plasma, the arc is contracted and the peak temperature of arc rises a little more comparing to the narrow top and wide bottom one.展开更多
采用骤冷法处理不锈钢气体熔池耦合活性TIG焊高温熔池金属,通过控制开始冷却时间,在不影响焊缝成形的前提下,保留N元素在高温熔池内的分布状态,并采用俄歇电子能谱(auger electron spectroscopy,AES)分析了不同位置处N元素的分布规律....采用骤冷法处理不锈钢气体熔池耦合活性TIG焊高温熔池金属,通过控制开始冷却时间,在不影响焊缝成形的前提下,保留N元素在高温熔池内的分布状态,并采用俄歇电子能谱(auger electron spectroscopy,AES)分析了不同位置处N元素的分布规律.结果表明,在熄弧前0.6 s开始冷却时,骤冷效果最好.熔池内N元素沿深度方向整体呈现均匀分布,局部存在较大范围波动;熔池前部和后部边缘位置的氮含量略高于中心位置,熔池中部边缘位置的平均氮含量略低于中心位置;熔池后部总的平均氮含量略高于熔池前部,熔池中部总的平均氮含量介于两者之间.展开更多
基金sponsored by Jiangsu Provincial Colleges and Universities Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.08KJD410001)Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 12YJAZH151)Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 12YJCZH209)
文摘Complex product development will inevitably face the design planning of the multi-coupled activities, and overlapping these activities could potentially reduce product development time, but there is a risk of the additional cost. Although the downstream task information dependence to the upstream task is already considered in the current researches, but the design process overall iteration caused by the information interdependence between activities is hardly discussed; especially the impact on the design process＇ overall iteration from the valid information accumulation process. Secondly, most studies only focus on the single overlapping process of two activities, rarely take multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping process of multi coupled activities into account; especially the inherent link between product development time and cost which originates from the overlapping process of multi coupled activities. For the purpose of solving the above problems, as to the insufficiency of the accumulated valid information in overlapping process, the function of the valid information evolution （VIE） degree is constructed. Stochastic process theory is used to describe the design information exchange and the valid information accumulation in the overlapping segment, and then the planning models of the single overlapping segment are built. On these bases, by analyzing overlapping processes and overlapping features of multi-coupling activities, multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping planning models are built; by sorting overlapping processes and analyzing the construction of these planning models, two conclusions are obtained： （1） As to multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping of multi coupled activities, the total decrement of the task set development time is the sum of the time decrement caused by basic overlapping segments, and minus the sum of the time increment caused by multiple overlapping segments; （2） the total increment of development cost is the sum of the cost increment caused by all overlapping pr
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51265029)
文摘This work mainly articulated the effects of nozzle structure on arc characteristics in gas pool coupled activating TIG （GPCA-TIG） welding process by using Fluent Software. Different models were set up to adapt the different torch structure during computer progress. The specific configuration of the welding torch made the gas flow in outer gas passage constrained. The nozzle structure has great influence on outer gas distribution because of the changing of coupling region between the outer active gas and molten pool surface. When the coupling degree is reduced or the outer gas passage become smaller, the oxygen in outer gas penetrates into the arc plasma and spreads to the arc region more easily. Owing to its cooling effects, the morphology of arc is contracted, and the arc temperature is increased. When the inner wall and the outer wall of outer gas passage are not parallel, the wide top and narrow bottom nozzle shape can bring more oxygen into the arc plasma, the arc is contracted and the peak temperature of arc rises a little more comparing to the narrow top and wide bottom one.
文摘采用骤冷法处理不锈钢气体熔池耦合活性TIG焊高温熔池金属,通过控制开始冷却时间,在不影响焊缝成形的前提下,保留N元素在高温熔池内的分布状态,并采用俄歇电子能谱(auger electron spectroscopy,AES)分析了不同位置处N元素的分布规律.结果表明,在熄弧前0.6 s开始冷却时,骤冷效果最好.熔池内N元素沿深度方向整体呈现均匀分布,局部存在较大范围波动;熔池前部和后部边缘位置的氮含量略高于中心位置,熔池中部边缘位置的平均氮含量略低于中心位置;熔池后部总的平均氮含量略高于熔池前部,熔池中部总的平均氮含量介于两者之间.
