Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by pronounced inflammatory infiltrates entering the brain,spinal cord and optic nerve leading to demyelination....Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by pronounced inflammatory infiltrates entering the brain,spinal cord and optic nerve leading to demyelination.Focal demyelination is associated with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis,while progressive forms of the disease show axonal degeneration and neuronal loss.The tests currently used in the clinical diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis have limitations due to specificity and sensitivity.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are dysregulated in many diseases and disorders including demyelinating and neuroinflammatory diseases.A review of recent studies with the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal model(mostly female mice 6–12 weeks of age)has confirmed miRNAs as biomarkers of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease and importantly at the pre-onset(asymptomatic)stage when assessed in blood plasma and urine exosomes,and spinal cord tissue.The expression of certain miRNAs was also dysregulated at the onset and peak of disease in blood plasma and urine exosomes,brain and spinal cord tissue,and at the post-peak(chronic)stage of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease in spinal cord tissue.Therapies using miRNA mimics or inhibitors were found to delay the induction and alleviate the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease.Interestingly,experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease severity was reduced by overexpression of miR-146a,miR-23b,miR-497,miR-26a,and miR-20b,or by suppression of miR-182,miR-181c,miR-223,miR-155,and miR-873.Further studies are warranted on determining more fully miRNA profiles in blood plasma and urine exosomes of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animals since they could serve as biomarkers of asymptomatic multiple sclerosis and disease course.Additionally,studies should be performed with male mice of a similar age,and with aged male and female mice.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)causes motor,sensory and automatic impairment due to rarely axon regeneration.Developing effective treatment for SCI in the clinic is extremely challenging because of the restrictive axonal rege...Spinal cord injury(SCI)causes motor,sensory and automatic impairment due to rarely axon regeneration.Developing effective treatment for SCI in the clinic is extremely challenging because of the restrictive axonal regenerative ability and disconnection of neural elements after injury,as well as the limited systemic drug delivery efficiency caused by blood spinal cord barrier.To develop an effective non-invasive treatment strategy for SCI in clinic,we generated an autologous plasma exosome(AP-EXO)based biological scaffold where AP-EXO was loaded with neuron targeting peptide(RVG)and growth-facilitating peptides(ILP and ISP).This scaffold can be targeted delivered to neurons in the injured area and elicit robust axon regrowth across the lesion core to the levels over 30-fold greater than naïve treatment,thus reestablish the intraspinal circuits and promote motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.More importantly,in ex vivo,human plasma exosomes(HP-EXO)loaded with combinatory peptides of RVG,ILP and ISP showed safety and no liver and kidney toxicity in the application to nude SCI mice.Combining the efficacy and safety,the AP-EXO-based personalized treatment confers functional recovery after SCI and showed immense promising in biomedical applications in treating SCI.It is helpful to expand the application of combinatory peptides and human plasma derived autologous exosomes in promoting regeneration and recovery upon SCI treatment.展开更多
The process of treating the PET tire cord (210D/3×2) by low temperature nitrogen and airlow temperature plasma and dipping in RFL (resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex) adhesive system wasstudied.The H-pull test value c...The process of treating the PET tire cord (210D/3×2) by low temperature nitrogen and airlow temperature plasma and dipping in RFL (resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex) adhesive system wasstudied.The H-pull test value can be improved from about 35 N/cm of untreated sample to 55N/cm of nitrogen plasma treated sample.The photograph of SEM demonstrates that the adhe-sion between nitrogen plasma treated tire cord and rubber has reached the strength of rubber.Airplasma treatment has bad effect on adhesion improvement.The mechanism of plasma treatment on the surface of the PET tire cord and the mechanism ofadhesion improvement are investigated by diffuse reflection infra-red spectrum and XPS (X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy).From the spectral analysis,it is believed that the contribution to im-provement of the adhesion of the tire cord is the oxidation on the surface.The serious breaking ofthe chemical bonds on surface can cause the adhesion inferior.展开更多
文摘Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by pronounced inflammatory infiltrates entering the brain,spinal cord and optic nerve leading to demyelination.Focal demyelination is associated with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis,while progressive forms of the disease show axonal degeneration and neuronal loss.The tests currently used in the clinical diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis have limitations due to specificity and sensitivity.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are dysregulated in many diseases and disorders including demyelinating and neuroinflammatory diseases.A review of recent studies with the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal model(mostly female mice 6–12 weeks of age)has confirmed miRNAs as biomarkers of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease and importantly at the pre-onset(asymptomatic)stage when assessed in blood plasma and urine exosomes,and spinal cord tissue.The expression of certain miRNAs was also dysregulated at the onset and peak of disease in blood plasma and urine exosomes,brain and spinal cord tissue,and at the post-peak(chronic)stage of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease in spinal cord tissue.Therapies using miRNA mimics or inhibitors were found to delay the induction and alleviate the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease.Interestingly,experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease severity was reduced by overexpression of miR-146a,miR-23b,miR-497,miR-26a,and miR-20b,or by suppression of miR-182,miR-181c,miR-223,miR-155,and miR-873.Further studies are warranted on determining more fully miRNA profiles in blood plasma and urine exosomes of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animals since they could serve as biomarkers of asymptomatic multiple sclerosis and disease course.Additionally,studies should be performed with male mice of a similar age,and with aged male and female mice.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of Stem Cell and Transformation Research(2019YFA0112100),ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(81930070)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82102560)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2021QH097)the No.69 General Fund of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M691936)Talent project of Shandong University(22480082063100),China.
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)causes motor,sensory and automatic impairment due to rarely axon regeneration.Developing effective treatment for SCI in the clinic is extremely challenging because of the restrictive axonal regenerative ability and disconnection of neural elements after injury,as well as the limited systemic drug delivery efficiency caused by blood spinal cord barrier.To develop an effective non-invasive treatment strategy for SCI in clinic,we generated an autologous plasma exosome(AP-EXO)based biological scaffold where AP-EXO was loaded with neuron targeting peptide(RVG)and growth-facilitating peptides(ILP and ISP).This scaffold can be targeted delivered to neurons in the injured area and elicit robust axon regrowth across the lesion core to the levels over 30-fold greater than naïve treatment,thus reestablish the intraspinal circuits and promote motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.More importantly,in ex vivo,human plasma exosomes(HP-EXO)loaded with combinatory peptides of RVG,ILP and ISP showed safety and no liver and kidney toxicity in the application to nude SCI mice.Combining the efficacy and safety,the AP-EXO-based personalized treatment confers functional recovery after SCI and showed immense promising in biomedical applications in treating SCI.It is helpful to expand the application of combinatory peptides and human plasma derived autologous exosomes in promoting regeneration and recovery upon SCI treatment.
文摘The process of treating the PET tire cord (210D/3×2) by low temperature nitrogen and airlow temperature plasma and dipping in RFL (resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex) adhesive system wasstudied.The H-pull test value can be improved from about 35 N/cm of untreated sample to 55N/cm of nitrogen plasma treated sample.The photograph of SEM demonstrates that the adhe-sion between nitrogen plasma treated tire cord and rubber has reached the strength of rubber.Airplasma treatment has bad effect on adhesion improvement.The mechanism of plasma treatment on the surface of the PET tire cord and the mechanism ofadhesion improvement are investigated by diffuse reflection infra-red spectrum and XPS (X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy).From the spectral analysis,it is believed that the contribution to im-provement of the adhesion of the tire cord is the oxidation on the surface.The serious breaking ofthe chemical bonds on surface can cause the adhesion inferior.
