Seawater electrolysis(SWE)provides a promising and efficient pathway to produce green hydrogen.However,the current SWE technology confronts a lot of challenges,such as the sluggish reaction kinetics on the anode side,...Seawater electrolysis(SWE)provides a promising and efficient pathway to produce green hydrogen.However,the current SWE technology confronts a lot of challenges,such as the sluggish reaction kinetics on the anode side,and a lot of impurities and ions in seawater that poison the active sites of the catalyst and block membrane pores.In addition,the existence of chloride ions(Cl−)in seawater will strongly compete with oxygen evolution reaction(OER)by the chlorine oxidation/evolution reaction(ClOR/ClER)on the anode side as a result of the extremely similar thermodynamic potentials.Thus,to move SWE much closer to commercialization,it is highly desirable to enhance not only the activity of electrocatalysts but also the selectivity and stability of efficient OER to restrain ClOR/ClER.At the same time,the additive of electrolytes and the unique structural design of the electrolyzer also promote the development of SWE.In this review,the fundamental mechanisms for SWE and water electrolysis are first introduced and compared.Then,the design principles of efficient catalysts,electrolytes,surface/interface engineering,and novelty reaction device are critically,comprehensively summarized and analyzed.Finally,perspectives,challenges,and opportunities to develop and boost SWE technologies are proposed.展开更多
The existence and stability of periodic solution of competing reaction-diffusion models with grazing rates in population dynamics are discussed in this paper, the sufficient conditions are obtained for existence of a ...The existence and stability of periodic solution of competing reaction-diffusion models with grazing rates in population dynamics are discussed in this paper, the sufficient conditions are obtained for existence of a globally asymptotically stable strictly positive spatial homogeneity periodic solution by methods of comparison theory Brouwer’s fixed point theorem and Liapunov function.展开更多
Social-Emotional Competency(SEC),regarded as a critical psychological resource for individuals to adapt to social environments,is an effective protective factor for students’mental health,impacting their future succe...Social-Emotional Competency(SEC),regarded as a critical psychological resource for individuals to adapt to social environments,is an effective protective factor for students’mental health,impacting their future success and well-being.Analyzing the impact of SEC on university students’mental health can offer valuable insights for nurturing talents with healthy psychological and physical development.Based on data from two large-scale surveys of Chinese university students,this study designed two comprehensive Multiple Mediation Models involving SEC,stress,coping strategies,and stress reaction to explore the pathway of emotion nurturing mentality.Study 1 utilized a parallel mediation model to examine the relationships between SEC,academic stress,interpersonal stress,and stress reactions.The results indicated that SEC negatively predicted academic stress,interpersonal stress,and stress reactions.Additionally,academic and interpersonal stress mediated the relationships between SEC and stress reactions in parallel.Extending these findings,Study 2 further investigated the role of coping strategies.By constructing a multiple-chain mediation model,it examined the predictive relationships among SEC,academic stress,interpersonal stress,three types of coping strategies,and stress reactions.The findings indicated that SEC negatively predicted stress,problemavoiding strategy,and stress reactions,while positively predicting problem-solving and assistant-seeking strategies.Furthermore,the two stress types and three coping strategies significantly mediated the relationship between SEC and stress reactions.This indicated that higher SEC was associated with reduced stress and more adaptive coping strategies and subsequently contributed to more favorable stress reactions.This research explored the impact of university students’SEC on mental health and its relational mechanisms,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical insights for future efforts in cultivating SEC among university students to adjust academic and in展开更多
基金the National Science Foundation under grant no.CBET-1949840 and ACS PRF(65481-ND10)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.22102105)a start-up grant from Northeast Normal University(NENU).
文摘Seawater electrolysis(SWE)provides a promising and efficient pathway to produce green hydrogen.However,the current SWE technology confronts a lot of challenges,such as the sluggish reaction kinetics on the anode side,and a lot of impurities and ions in seawater that poison the active sites of the catalyst and block membrane pores.In addition,the existence of chloride ions(Cl−)in seawater will strongly compete with oxygen evolution reaction(OER)by the chlorine oxidation/evolution reaction(ClOR/ClER)on the anode side as a result of the extremely similar thermodynamic potentials.Thus,to move SWE much closer to commercialization,it is highly desirable to enhance not only the activity of electrocatalysts but also the selectivity and stability of efficient OER to restrain ClOR/ClER.At the same time,the additive of electrolytes and the unique structural design of the electrolyzer also promote the development of SWE.In this review,the fundamental mechanisms for SWE and water electrolysis are first introduced and compared.Then,the design principles of efficient catalysts,electrolytes,surface/interface engineering,and novelty reaction device are critically,comprehensively summarized and analyzed.Finally,perspectives,challenges,and opportunities to develop and boost SWE technologies are proposed.
文摘The existence and stability of periodic solution of competing reaction-diffusion models with grazing rates in population dynamics are discussed in this paper, the sufficient conditions are obtained for existence of a globally asymptotically stable strictly positive spatial homogeneity periodic solution by methods of comparison theory Brouwer’s fixed point theorem and Liapunov function.
基金Shandong Soft Science Project—Shandong Higher Education Top-Notch Talent Cultivation in Basic Disciplines from the Perspective of Social Emotional Learning(Project Number:2023RKY05001).
文摘Social-Emotional Competency(SEC),regarded as a critical psychological resource for individuals to adapt to social environments,is an effective protective factor for students’mental health,impacting their future success and well-being.Analyzing the impact of SEC on university students’mental health can offer valuable insights for nurturing talents with healthy psychological and physical development.Based on data from two large-scale surveys of Chinese university students,this study designed two comprehensive Multiple Mediation Models involving SEC,stress,coping strategies,and stress reaction to explore the pathway of emotion nurturing mentality.Study 1 utilized a parallel mediation model to examine the relationships between SEC,academic stress,interpersonal stress,and stress reactions.The results indicated that SEC negatively predicted academic stress,interpersonal stress,and stress reactions.Additionally,academic and interpersonal stress mediated the relationships between SEC and stress reactions in parallel.Extending these findings,Study 2 further investigated the role of coping strategies.By constructing a multiple-chain mediation model,it examined the predictive relationships among SEC,academic stress,interpersonal stress,three types of coping strategies,and stress reactions.The findings indicated that SEC negatively predicted stress,problemavoiding strategy,and stress reactions,while positively predicting problem-solving and assistant-seeking strategies.Furthermore,the two stress types and three coping strategies significantly mediated the relationship between SEC and stress reactions.This indicated that higher SEC was associated with reduced stress and more adaptive coping strategies and subsequently contributed to more favorable stress reactions.This research explored the impact of university students’SEC on mental health and its relational mechanisms,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical insights for future efforts in cultivating SEC among university students to adjust academic and in
