Mr.Fei Xiaotong once pointed out that Han people has played a central cohesive role in the formation of the unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation.The emergence and popularization of the concept of“Chinese nation"i...Mr.Fei Xiaotong once pointed out that Han people has played a central cohesive role in the formation of the unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation.The emergence and popularization of the concept of“Chinese nation"is itself a manifestation of national cohesion.The history of unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation since the Qin and Han dynasties has laid the foundation of the community for Chinese nation.The building of the community for the Chinese nation is both a realistic subject and a historical process.Since its founding,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has been committed to pushing forward the establishment of a community for the Chinese nation.The ultimate purpose of fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation,standing firmly with“Five Identities",and enhancing our identity with and pride in the Chinese nation,is to improve national cohesion of China.A community for the Chinese nation is a critical expression for Chinese national cohesion;and to push forward the establishment of a community for the Chinese nation in the new era is one of the key measures to improve Chinese national cohesion.展开更多
South Africa comes from a bitter past of gross inequalities and human rights abuses suffered by the majority of Africans as a result of the colonial and apartheid legacy. When apartheid was dismantled in 1994, through...South Africa comes from a bitter past of gross inequalities and human rights abuses suffered by the majority of Africans as a result of the colonial and apartheid legacy. When apartheid was dismantled in 1994, through the spirit of reconciliation which was spearheaded by the country＇s late and former President, Mr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, the country was transformed into a democracy where citizens opted to live together on the basis of equality and mutual respect for each other. The ＂New＂ South Africa immediately raised hope for change in the hearts of the majority, whose human rights were previously violated; who thought that the new dispensation would immediately bring improvements in their socioeconomic conditions. Based on the conflict perspective, this paper critically reflects on the recent case of violent conflict in South Africa known as the Marikana tragedy, to explore the efficacy of fostering meaningful reconciliation in the midst of a violent conflict. Through interviews carried out with survivors and wives of the deceased victims in October 2014, the paper demonstrates how the South African government has failed to meet the post-apartheid expectations, but instead, continues to serve the interests of capital at the expense of the majority of people whose working and living conditions have not improved 20 years into democracy. By interrogating their general understanding of democracy and reconciliation strategies used to address the conflict both by the government and the owners of capital, the paper concludes that meaningful reconciliation is a complex process that will take many more years than anticipated. It requires not only urgent redress of soeio-economic imbalances through the implementation of the new National Development Plan （NDP）, but also the implementation of carefully crafted conflict resolution strategies that are embedded in the application of Ubuntu principles by all those involved in the conflict.展开更多
2013年10月"首届国际学习型城市大会"在北京隆重召开。102个国家的500多名代表一致通过了《建设学习型城市北京宣言》。其中有十二项承诺,而第一承诺便是"Empowering Individuals and Promoting Social Cohesion"(...2013年10月"首届国际学习型城市大会"在北京隆重召开。102个国家的500多名代表一致通过了《建设学习型城市北京宣言》。其中有十二项承诺,而第一承诺便是"Empowering Individuals and Promoting Social Cohesion"(促进个体赋权增能和增强社会凝聚)。何谓"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"不能从简单的汉译来理解,需从词源来准确辨析,更需要从政治学、社会学、法学、心理学等角度领略其深刻的内涵。"赋权增能"与"社会凝聚"有密切的内在联系,其指向目标、目的、效能等核心价值构成完整体系。学习型城市建设与"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"有着高度的重要关联。在改革开放的今天,践履"第一承诺"已经成为我国唯一选择。怎样践履这一庄严承诺,《北京宣言》指出了基本路向,在表达教育机会、基本能力、社会参与、性别平等、贫富差距、社区建设等兑现承诺的特定语境中,充分揭示了《北京宣言》将"赋权增能"、"社会凝聚"作为第一承诺的理由和重要意义。这应是对《北京宣言》第一承诺的完整理解。展开更多
文摘Mr.Fei Xiaotong once pointed out that Han people has played a central cohesive role in the formation of the unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation.The emergence and popularization of the concept of“Chinese nation"is itself a manifestation of national cohesion.The history of unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation since the Qin and Han dynasties has laid the foundation of the community for Chinese nation.The building of the community for the Chinese nation is both a realistic subject and a historical process.Since its founding,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has been committed to pushing forward the establishment of a community for the Chinese nation.The ultimate purpose of fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation,standing firmly with“Five Identities",and enhancing our identity with and pride in the Chinese nation,is to improve national cohesion of China.A community for the Chinese nation is a critical expression for Chinese national cohesion;and to push forward the establishment of a community for the Chinese nation in the new era is one of the key measures to improve Chinese national cohesion.
文摘South Africa comes from a bitter past of gross inequalities and human rights abuses suffered by the majority of Africans as a result of the colonial and apartheid legacy. When apartheid was dismantled in 1994, through the spirit of reconciliation which was spearheaded by the country＇s late and former President, Mr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, the country was transformed into a democracy where citizens opted to live together on the basis of equality and mutual respect for each other. The ＂New＂ South Africa immediately raised hope for change in the hearts of the majority, whose human rights were previously violated; who thought that the new dispensation would immediately bring improvements in their socioeconomic conditions. Based on the conflict perspective, this paper critically reflects on the recent case of violent conflict in South Africa known as the Marikana tragedy, to explore the efficacy of fostering meaningful reconciliation in the midst of a violent conflict. Through interviews carried out with survivors and wives of the deceased victims in October 2014, the paper demonstrates how the South African government has failed to meet the post-apartheid expectations, but instead, continues to serve the interests of capital at the expense of the majority of people whose working and living conditions have not improved 20 years into democracy. By interrogating their general understanding of democracy and reconciliation strategies used to address the conflict both by the government and the owners of capital, the paper concludes that meaningful reconciliation is a complex process that will take many more years than anticipated. It requires not only urgent redress of soeio-economic imbalances through the implementation of the new National Development Plan （NDP）, but also the implementation of carefully crafted conflict resolution strategies that are embedded in the application of Ubuntu principles by all those involved in the conflict.
文摘2013年10月"首届国际学习型城市大会"在北京隆重召开。102个国家的500多名代表一致通过了《建设学习型城市北京宣言》。其中有十二项承诺,而第一承诺便是"Empowering Individuals and Promoting Social Cohesion"(促进个体赋权增能和增强社会凝聚)。何谓"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"不能从简单的汉译来理解,需从词源来准确辨析,更需要从政治学、社会学、法学、心理学等角度领略其深刻的内涵。"赋权增能"与"社会凝聚"有密切的内在联系,其指向目标、目的、效能等核心价值构成完整体系。学习型城市建设与"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"有着高度的重要关联。在改革开放的今天,践履"第一承诺"已经成为我国唯一选择。怎样践履这一庄严承诺,《北京宣言》指出了基本路向,在表达教育机会、基本能力、社会参与、性别平等、贫富差距、社区建设等兑现承诺的特定语境中,充分揭示了《北京宣言》将"赋权增能"、"社会凝聚"作为第一承诺的理由和重要意义。这应是对《北京宣言》第一承诺的完整理解。
