It seems there is a large gap between quantum cloning and classical duplication since quantum mechanics forbid perfect copies of unknown quantum states. In this paper, we prove that a classical duplication process can...It seems there is a large gap between quantum cloning and classical duplication since quantum mechanics forbid perfect copies of unknown quantum states. In this paper, we prove that a classical duplication process can be realized by using a universal quantum cloning machine(QCM). A classical bit is encoded not on a single quantum state, but on a large number of single identical quantum states. Errors are inevitable when copying these identical quantum states due to the quantum no-cloning theorem. When a small part of errors are ignored, i.e., errors as the minority are automatically corrected by the majority, the fidelity of duplicated copies of classical information will approach unity infinitely. In this way, the classical bits can be duplicated precisely with a universal QCM, which presents a natural transition from quantum cloning to classical duplication. The implement of classical duplication by using QCM shines new lights on the universality of quantum mechanics.展开更多
Pancreatic ribonuclease,which is encoded by RNase1,is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas of vertebrates,and has been recognized to be a classic example for molecular evolutionary studies due to the frequent o...Pancreatic ribonuclease,which is encoded by RNase1,is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas of vertebrates,and has been recognized to be a classic example for molecular evolutionary studies due to the frequent occurrence of gene duplication and functional divergence in organisms（Zhang et al.,2002,2006;Yu and Zhang,2006;Yu et al.,2010;Xu et al.,2013;Liu et al.,2014）.RNase1 has been extensively studied in many mammals,展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11725524,and 61471356)
文摘It seems there is a large gap between quantum cloning and classical duplication since quantum mechanics forbid perfect copies of unknown quantum states. In this paper, we prove that a classical duplication process can be realized by using a universal quantum cloning machine(QCM). A classical bit is encoded not on a single quantum state, but on a large number of single identical quantum states. Errors are inevitable when copying these identical quantum states due to the quantum no-cloning theorem. When a small part of errors are ignored, i.e., errors as the minority are automatically corrected by the majority, the fidelity of duplicated copies of classical information will approach unity infinitely. In this way, the classical bits can be duplicated precisely with a universal QCM, which presents a natural transition from quantum cloning to classical duplication. The implement of classical duplication by using QCM shines new lights on the universality of quantum mechanics.
基金supported by grants from the Yunnan Provincial Education Fund project in Scientific Research to X.P.W.(No.2015Y003)the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project to D.T.Lthe National Youth Talent Support Program to L.Y
文摘Pancreatic ribonuclease,which is encoded by RNase1,is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas of vertebrates,and has been recognized to be a classic example for molecular evolutionary studies due to the frequent occurrence of gene duplication and functional divergence in organisms（Zhang et al.,2002,2006;Yu and Zhang,2006;Yu et al.,2010;Xu et al.,2013;Liu et al.,2014）.RNase1 has been extensively studied in many mammals,
