The toxicity of nano-materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, relatively few studies have focused on their oceanic distributions and toxicities. In this study, we assessed nano-ZnO to...The toxicity of nano-materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, relatively few studies have focused on their oceanic distributions and toxicities. In this study, we assessed nano-ZnO toxicity in marine organisms using the yellowstriped goby （Mugilogobius chulae）. The relative differences in nano-ZnO dissolution and dispersal in seawater and fresh water were also investigated. The effects of nano-ZnO on embryonic development, deformity, hatching, mortality, and histopathology were analyzed. In addition, the effects of the Zn2＋ concentration on M. chulae hatching and mortality were compared. The results showed that nano-ZnO had higher solubility in seawater than in fresh water. Nano-ZnO significantly inhibited hatching. By the fifth day of exposure, the LC50 of nano-ZnO was 45.40 mg/L, and the mortality rate spiked. Hatching inhibition and lethality were dose-dependent over a range of 1-25 mg/L nano-ZnO. Zn2＋ inhibited hatching and increased lethality, but its effects were weaker than those of nano-ZnO at the same concentrations. Nano-ZnO also induced spinal bending, oedema, hypoplasia, and other deformities in M. chulae embryos and larvae. Histopathology revealed vacuolar degeneration, hepatocyte and enterocyte enlargement, and morphological abnormalities of the vertebrae. Therefore, nano-ZnO caused malformations in M. chulae by affecting embryonic growth and development. We conclude that nano-ZnO toxicity in seawater was significantly positively correlated with the associated Zn2＋ concentration and sedimentary behaviour. The toxicity of nano-ZnO was cumulative and showed a critical point, beyond which embryonic and developmental toxicity in marine fish was observed.展开更多
以静态实验法研究重金属Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+和Pb2+单独以及两两联合对不同发育阶段诸氏鲻虾虎鱼(Mugilogobius chulae)的急性毒性效应。结果显示,单独作用下,Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+和Pb2+对1日龄诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼的48 h LC50分别为0.0013、...以静态实验法研究重金属Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+和Pb2+单独以及两两联合对不同发育阶段诸氏鲻虾虎鱼(Mugilogobius chulae)的急性毒性效应。结果显示,单独作用下,Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+和Pb2+对1日龄诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼的48 h LC50分别为0.0013、5.0、12.2和313 mg/L,四种重金属离子对诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的毒性依次为:Hg2+>Cr6+>Cd2+>Pb2+,诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对重金属离子的敏感性依次为:早期仔鱼>中期仔鱼>晚期仔鱼>稚鱼>幼鱼,诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对Hg2+的安全浓度阈值0.013μg/L;4种重金属离子对诸氏鲻虾虎鱼两两联合的毒性效应为:各发育阶段Pb2+-Cd2+、Pb2+-Cr6+主要为拮抗作用,不同发育阶段诸氏鲻虾虎鱼Cr6+-Cd2+、Hg2+-Cr6+、Hg2+-Cd2+、Hg2+-Pb2+联合毒性效应不同。海水水质标准修订时应对Hg进行更严格的控制,诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼对重金属离子毒性更敏感,其适用于水环境重金属离子的毒性评价。展开更多
目的筛选试验鱼适宜急性毒性试验的发育期。方法将诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼、中期仔鱼、晚期仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼及成鱼暴露于一定浓度的钻井液中,比较钻井液对不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的急性毒性。结果早期仔鱼48 h LC50为157 mg/L,中期仔鱼48...目的筛选试验鱼适宜急性毒性试验的发育期。方法将诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼、中期仔鱼、晚期仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼及成鱼暴露于一定浓度的钻井液中,比较钻井液对不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的急性毒性。结果早期仔鱼48 h LC50为157 mg/L,中期仔鱼48 h LC50大于500 mg/L;中期仔鱼96 h LC50为79 mg/L,晚期仔鱼96h LC50为625 mg/L,稚鱼、幼鱼、成鱼96 h LC50显著大于500 mg/L;卤虫无节幼体96 h LC50为105 mg/L;不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对钻井液的敏感性顺序为:早期仔鱼>中期仔鱼>晚期仔鱼>稚、幼、成鱼。结论诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的早期仔鱼适用于海洋污染物急性毒性评价。展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Programs of Guangdong Province(Nos.2015A020215031,2013B020600007,and 2012B050200002)supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(No.2015BAI09B05)
文摘The toxicity of nano-materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, relatively few studies have focused on their oceanic distributions and toxicities. In this study, we assessed nano-ZnO toxicity in marine organisms using the yellowstriped goby （Mugilogobius chulae）. The relative differences in nano-ZnO dissolution and dispersal in seawater and fresh water were also investigated. The effects of nano-ZnO on embryonic development, deformity, hatching, mortality, and histopathology were analyzed. In addition, the effects of the Zn2＋ concentration on M. chulae hatching and mortality were compared. The results showed that nano-ZnO had higher solubility in seawater than in fresh water. Nano-ZnO significantly inhibited hatching. By the fifth day of exposure, the LC50 of nano-ZnO was 45.40 mg/L, and the mortality rate spiked. Hatching inhibition and lethality were dose-dependent over a range of 1-25 mg/L nano-ZnO. Zn2＋ inhibited hatching and increased lethality, but its effects were weaker than those of nano-ZnO at the same concentrations. Nano-ZnO also induced spinal bending, oedema, hypoplasia, and other deformities in M. chulae embryos and larvae. Histopathology revealed vacuolar degeneration, hepatocyte and enterocyte enlargement, and morphological abnormalities of the vertebrae. Therefore, nano-ZnO caused malformations in M. chulae by affecting embryonic growth and development. We conclude that nano-ZnO toxicity in seawater was significantly positively correlated with the associated Zn2＋ concentration and sedimentary behaviour. The toxicity of nano-ZnO was cumulative and showed a critical point, beyond which embryonic and developmental toxicity in marine fish was observed.
文摘以静态实验法研究重金属Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+和Pb2+单独以及两两联合对不同发育阶段诸氏鲻虾虎鱼(Mugilogobius chulae)的急性毒性效应。结果显示,单独作用下,Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+和Pb2+对1日龄诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼的48 h LC50分别为0.0013、5.0、12.2和313 mg/L,四种重金属离子对诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的毒性依次为:Hg2+>Cr6+>Cd2+>Pb2+,诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对重金属离子的敏感性依次为:早期仔鱼>中期仔鱼>晚期仔鱼>稚鱼>幼鱼,诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对Hg2+的安全浓度阈值0.013μg/L;4种重金属离子对诸氏鲻虾虎鱼两两联合的毒性效应为:各发育阶段Pb2+-Cd2+、Pb2+-Cr6+主要为拮抗作用,不同发育阶段诸氏鲻虾虎鱼Cr6+-Cd2+、Hg2+-Cr6+、Hg2+-Cd2+、Hg2+-Pb2+联合毒性效应不同。海水水质标准修订时应对Hg进行更严格的控制,诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼对重金属离子毒性更敏感,其适用于水环境重金属离子的毒性评价。
文摘目的筛选试验鱼适宜急性毒性试验的发育期。方法将诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼、中期仔鱼、晚期仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼及成鱼暴露于一定浓度的钻井液中,比较钻井液对不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的急性毒性。结果早期仔鱼48 h LC50为157 mg/L,中期仔鱼48 h LC50大于500 mg/L;中期仔鱼96 h LC50为79 mg/L,晚期仔鱼96h LC50为625 mg/L,稚鱼、幼鱼、成鱼96 h LC50显著大于500 mg/L;卤虫无节幼体96 h LC50为105 mg/L;不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对钻井液的敏感性顺序为:早期仔鱼>中期仔鱼>晚期仔鱼>稚、幼、成鱼。结论诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的早期仔鱼适用于海洋污染物急性毒性评价。
