目的研制一份适合社区护士使用的老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表。方法以Gordon健康型态为理论评估框架,结合日常生活能力(activities of daily living,ADL)和工具性日常生活活动(instrumental activities of daily living,IADL)量表评估...目的研制一份适合社区护士使用的老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表。方法以Gordon健康型态为理论评估框架,结合日常生活能力(activities of daily living,ADL)和工具性日常生活活动(instrumental activities of daily living,IADL)量表评估,初步构建老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表的框架和指标。采用目的性抽样的方法选取浙江省3所医院内从事社区护理、护理管理、健康教育及科研等方面工作的15名专家为咨询对象,利用德尔菲法确立评估表的最终结构和各项评估指标。运用专家意见的协调程度、积极系数、权威系数等指标对咨询的可靠性和代表性进行检验。结果专家的积极系数分别为100%和93.3%(>70%),权威系数分别为0.83和0.84(>0.7);两轮专家咨询后各项指标的变异系数为0.05~0.18(<0.3)。结论根据专家咨询的积极系数、权威系数、变异系数等结果证明,专家咨询的代表性和可信度高,基于德尔菲法构建的老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表可以全面地反映老年慢性病患者的健康状况。展开更多
AIM: Previous studies suggest that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known abo...AIM: Previous studies suggest that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known about the occurrence of bone disease in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate this particular population for BMD and bone turnover markers. METHODS: Biochemical markers of bone turnover and BMD were measured in 43 consecutive patients with HCV (n = 30) or HBV (n = 13) infection without histological evidence for liver cirrhosis. Mean age was 49 years (range 26-77 years). BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the femoral neck (FN) and the lumbar spine (LS) region. In addition, bone metabolism markers were measured. RESULTS: BMD was lowered in 25 (58%) of the patients with chronic hepatitis B or C (FN; 0.76 (0.53-0.99); LS: 0.96 (0.62-1.23) g/cm2). Eight (32%) osteopenic patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P= 0.005) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (P = 0.001) were significantly elevated in the more advanced stages of fibrosis. Mean T-score value was lower in patients with chronic hepatitis C as compared to patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.09). CONCLUSION: There was a significantly reduced BMD in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection. Alterations of bone metabolism already occurred in advanced liver fibrosis without cirrhosis. According to our results, these secondary effects of chronic viral hepatitis should be further investigated.展开更多
Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N/L) ratio has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with heart failure, but it has not been compared with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in...Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N/L) ratio has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with heart failure, but it has not been compared with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We sought to make this comparison. Methods A total of 1355 elderly patients with CHF were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the variables associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). Cox regression analysis was used to assess the multivariable rela- tionship between the N/L ratio, NT-proBNP level, and subsequent major cardiovascular events (MCE). Results In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the N/L ratio was demonstrated as a risk factor for AF in elderly patients with CHF [odds ratio (OR): 1.079, 95% confi- dence interval (CI): 1.027-1.134, P = 0.003]. The median follow-up period was 18 months. In a multivariable model using tertiles of both variables, the highest tertile of the N/L ratio was significantly associated with MCE [hazard ratio (HR): 1.407, 95% CI: 1.098-1.802, P = 0.007] compared with the lowest tertile. Similarly, the highest NT-proBNP tertile was also significantly associated with MCE (HR: 1.461, 95% CI: 1.104-1.934, P- 0.008). Conclusions In elderly patients with CHF, the N/L ratio is one of the important risk factors for AF and it is an inexpensive and readily available marker with similar independent prognostic power to NT-proBNP. The risk of MCE increases 1.407-fold when the N/L ratio is elevated to the highest tertile.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONThe increased expression of ICAM-1 on a widerange of cells and in the sera of patients withmalignancies, chronic liver diseases andinflammation diseases has been described since thelate 1980s[1-22]. Recent...INTRODUCTIONThe increased expression of ICAM-1 on a widerange of cells and in the sera of patients withmalignancies, chronic liver diseases andinflammation diseases has been described since thelate 1980s[1-22]. Recently rapid progress in studieson expression of ICAM-1 in patients withhepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) have beenachieved, including clinical and experimentalresearches[23-31].展开更多
文摘目的研制一份适合社区护士使用的老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表。方法以Gordon健康型态为理论评估框架,结合日常生活能力(activities of daily living,ADL)和工具性日常生活活动(instrumental activities of daily living,IADL)量表评估,初步构建老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表的框架和指标。采用目的性抽样的方法选取浙江省3所医院内从事社区护理、护理管理、健康教育及科研等方面工作的15名专家为咨询对象,利用德尔菲法确立评估表的最终结构和各项评估指标。运用专家意见的协调程度、积极系数、权威系数等指标对咨询的可靠性和代表性进行检验。结果专家的积极系数分别为100%和93.3%(>70%),权威系数分别为0.83和0.84(>0.7);两轮专家咨询后各项指标的变异系数为0.05~0.18(<0.3)。结论根据专家咨询的积极系数、权威系数、变异系数等结果证明,专家咨询的代表性和可信度高,基于德尔菲法构建的老年慢性病患者居家护理评估表可以全面地反映老年慢性病患者的健康状况。
文摘AIM: Previous studies suggest that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known about the occurrence of bone disease in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate this particular population for BMD and bone turnover markers. METHODS: Biochemical markers of bone turnover and BMD were measured in 43 consecutive patients with HCV (n = 30) or HBV (n = 13) infection without histological evidence for liver cirrhosis. Mean age was 49 years (range 26-77 years). BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the femoral neck (FN) and the lumbar spine (LS) region. In addition, bone metabolism markers were measured. RESULTS: BMD was lowered in 25 (58%) of the patients with chronic hepatitis B or C (FN; 0.76 (0.53-0.99); LS: 0.96 (0.62-1.23) g/cm2). Eight (32%) osteopenic patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P= 0.005) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (P = 0.001) were significantly elevated in the more advanced stages of fibrosis. Mean T-score value was lower in patients with chronic hepatitis C as compared to patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.09). CONCLUSION: There was a significantly reduced BMD in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection. Alterations of bone metabolism already occurred in advanced liver fibrosis without cirrhosis. According to our results, these secondary effects of chronic viral hepatitis should be further investigated.
文摘Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N/L) ratio has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with heart failure, but it has not been compared with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We sought to make this comparison. Methods A total of 1355 elderly patients with CHF were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the variables associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). Cox regression analysis was used to assess the multivariable rela- tionship between the N/L ratio, NT-proBNP level, and subsequent major cardiovascular events (MCE). Results In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the N/L ratio was demonstrated as a risk factor for AF in elderly patients with CHF [odds ratio (OR): 1.079, 95% confi- dence interval (CI): 1.027-1.134, P = 0.003]. The median follow-up period was 18 months. In a multivariable model using tertiles of both variables, the highest tertile of the N/L ratio was significantly associated with MCE [hazard ratio (HR): 1.407, 95% CI: 1.098-1.802, P = 0.007] compared with the lowest tertile. Similarly, the highest NT-proBNP tertile was also significantly associated with MCE (HR: 1.461, 95% CI: 1.104-1.934, P- 0.008). Conclusions In elderly patients with CHF, the N/L ratio is one of the important risk factors for AF and it is an inexpensive and readily available marker with similar independent prognostic power to NT-proBNP. The risk of MCE increases 1.407-fold when the N/L ratio is elevated to the highest tertile.
基金Supported by the grant from the Guangxi ScienceTechnology Committee, No. 9811003
文摘INTRODUCTIONThe increased expression of ICAM-1 on a widerange of cells and in the sera of patients withmalignancies, chronic liver diseases andinflammation diseases has been described since thelate 1980s[1-22]. Recently rapid progress in studieson expression of ICAM-1 in patients withhepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) have beenachieved, including clinical and experimentalresearches[23-31].