Proportional direction valve is one of the most fundamental elements in electronic-hydraulic control technique. Its function is to control the operating speed, direction, position, and strength of output force of the ...Proportional direction valve is one of the most fundamental elements in electronic-hydraulic control technique. Its function is to control the operating speed, direction, position, and strength of output force of the hydraulic actuator continuously. Considering the different application and the cost, the existing technique mainly includes the internal feedback valve used in open loop system, and the electronic closed loop controlled valve used in closed loop system. Because of their different mechanical structure and the gre at different in performance, it brings inconvenience for customer to select, also inconvenience for enterprise to produce. Aiming at this problem, the idea of combining the above two kinds of valves into one body is proposed first, and then the new valve＇s structure to realize this target is designed. The idea intends to apply the displacement pilot flow feedback control principle in present 2-position 2-way valve system to the proportional direction valve of 3-position 4-way system. Newly designed feed forward controller can decouple the interference between the internal feedback and the electronic closed loop. Redundant conversion is designed to electronic switch mode. Experiment on dynamic and static characteristic of new proportional direction valve in internal feedback control mode and electronic closed loop control mode is discussed to prove the new theory is correct. Although the new valve is of excellent dynamic response characteristic, its steady control characteristic in open loop control mode needs to be improved further. The research results prepare one new fundamental element for electronic-hydraulic control technology.展开更多
从变质赤水晒醋中分离筛选出导致黏度增加的菌株N3、N5、N7和N11,检测其生理生化特征,并进行16S r DNA基因序列分析及生长特性研究。结果表明,经过生理生化特征分析、16S r DNA基因序列分析以及系统发育树分析鉴定菌株N3为地衣芽孢杆菌(...从变质赤水晒醋中分离筛选出导致黏度增加的菌株N3、N5、N7和N11,检测其生理生化特征,并进行16S r DNA基因序列分析及生长特性研究。结果表明,经过生理生化特征分析、16S r DNA基因序列分析以及系统发育树分析鉴定菌株N3为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)、菌株N5为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)、菌株N7为索诺拉沙漠芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sonorensis)、菌株N11为酸居芽孢杆菌(Bacillus acidicola)。菌株N3、N5、N7和N11的最适生长温度均为45℃;菌株N3、N11的最适生长p H值为5.5;菌株N5、N7的最适生长p H值为4.5;菌株N3、N7、N11最适生长盐度(Na Cl含量)为1%,菌株N5最适生长盐度(Na Cl含量)为2%;4株菌在LB液体培养基中均具有较快的生长速度和较强的繁殖能力。展开更多
经过菌株富集培养、分离纯化等一系列步骤,从山东茶园土壤中分离出33株氨化细菌菌株。经过活性比较和菌株分类,从中选出3株不同种属的高活性菌株。通过对其进行形态特征、生理生化指标的测定及16 S rDNA测序,初步鉴定菌株SNT3属于芽孢...经过菌株富集培养、分离纯化等一系列步骤,从山东茶园土壤中分离出33株氨化细菌菌株。经过活性比较和菌株分类,从中选出3株不同种属的高活性菌株。通过对其进行形态特征、生理生化指标的测定及16 S rDNA测序,初步鉴定菌株SNT3属于芽孢杆菌属,菌株SNT6属于微小杆菌属,菌株SNT33属于不动杆菌属。同时对菌株的生长环境以及氨化活性进行了初步研究。结果表明:菌株SNT3、SNT6和SNT33适宜的pH依次为5～8.5、6～8.5、5～7;3株菌株的最适宜生长温度为35℃;在氨化能力方面,菌株SNT3高于菌株SNT6、SNT33。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50575156)Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2008011053)
文摘Proportional direction valve is one of the most fundamental elements in electronic-hydraulic control technique. Its function is to control the operating speed, direction, position, and strength of output force of the hydraulic actuator continuously. Considering the different application and the cost, the existing technique mainly includes the internal feedback valve used in open loop system, and the electronic closed loop controlled valve used in closed loop system. Because of their different mechanical structure and the gre at different in performance, it brings inconvenience for customer to select, also inconvenience for enterprise to produce. Aiming at this problem, the idea of combining the above two kinds of valves into one body is proposed first, and then the new valve＇s structure to realize this target is designed. The idea intends to apply the displacement pilot flow feedback control principle in present 2-position 2-way valve system to the proportional direction valve of 3-position 4-way system. Newly designed feed forward controller can decouple the interference between the internal feedback and the electronic closed loop. Redundant conversion is designed to electronic switch mode. Experiment on dynamic and static characteristic of new proportional direction valve in internal feedback control mode and electronic closed loop control mode is discussed to prove the new theory is correct. Although the new valve is of excellent dynamic response characteristic, its steady control characteristic in open loop control mode needs to be improved further. The research results prepare one new fundamental element for electronic-hydraulic control technology.
文摘经过菌株富集培养、分离纯化等一系列步骤,从山东茶园土壤中分离出33株氨化细菌菌株。经过活性比较和菌株分类,从中选出3株不同种属的高活性菌株。通过对其进行形态特征、生理生化指标的测定及16 S rDNA测序,初步鉴定菌株SNT3属于芽孢杆菌属,菌株SNT6属于微小杆菌属,菌株SNT33属于不动杆菌属。同时对菌株的生长环境以及氨化活性进行了初步研究。结果表明:菌株SNT3、SNT6和SNT33适宜的pH依次为5～8.5、6～8.5、5～7;3株菌株的最适宜生长温度为35℃;在氨化能力方面,菌株SNT3高于菌株SNT6、SNT33。
