Auxiliary frequency control of a wind turbine generator(WTG) has been widely used to enhance the frequencysecurity of power systems with high penetration of renewableenergy. Previous studies recommend two types of con...Auxiliary frequency control of a wind turbine generator(WTG) has been widely used to enhance the frequencysecurity of power systems with high penetration of renewableenergy. Previous studies recommend two types of control schemes,including frequency droop control and emulated inertia control,which simulate the response characteristics of the synchronousgenerator (SG). This paper plans to further explore the optimalauxiliary frequency control of the wind turbine based on previousresearch. First, it is determined that the virtual inertia control haslittle effect on the maximum rate of change of frequency (MaxROCOF)if the time delay of the control link of WTG is taken intoconsideration. Secondly, if a WTG operates in maximum powerpoint tracking (MPPT) mode and uses the rotor deceleration forfrequency modulation, its optimal auxiliary frequency control willcontain only droop control. Furthermore, if the droop control isproperly delayed, better system frequency response (SFR) willbe obtained. The reason is that coordination between the WTGand SG is important for SFR when the frequency modulationcapability of the WTG is limited. The frequency modulationcapability of the WTG is required to be released more properly.Therefore, when designing optimal auxiliary frequency controlfor the WTG, a better control scheme is worth further study.展开更多
Using the daily precipitation data of 740 stations in China from 1960 to 2000, the analysis on the variations and distributions of the frequency and the percentage of extreme precipitation to the annual rainfall have ...Using the daily precipitation data of 740 stations in China from 1960 to 2000, the analysis on the variations and distributions of the frequency and the percentage of extreme precipitation to the annual rainfall have been performed in this paper. Results indicate that the percentage of heavy rains （above 25mm/day） in the annual rainfall has increased, while on average the day number of heavy rains has slightly reduced during the past 40 years. In the end of 1970s and the beginning of 1980s, both the number of days with extreme precipitation and the percentage of extreme precipitation abruptly changed over China, especially in the northern China. By moving t test, the abrupt change year of extreme precipitation for each station and its spatial distribution over the whole country are also obtained. The abrupt change years concentrated in 1978-1982 for most regions of northern China while occurred at various stations in southern China in greatly different/diverse years. Besides the abrupt change years of extreme precipitation at part stations of Northwest China happened about 5 years later in comparison with that of the country＇s average.展开更多
为获取运行环境因素对电容式电压互感器(capacitor voltage transformer,CVT)谐波传变特性的影响,本文建立35 kV电容式电压互感器的高频等效模型,采用等效变换法进行传递函数的简化求解;在不同环境因素变化下,理论分析环境因素变化对CV...为获取运行环境因素对电容式电压互感器(capacitor voltage transformer,CVT)谐波传变特性的影响,本文建立35 kV电容式电压互感器的高频等效模型,采用等效变换法进行传递函数的简化求解;在不同环境因素变化下,理论分析环境因素变化对CVT内部结构产生的影响。并基于Matlab仿真平台,仿真分析环境变化下CVT传变特性变化规律。发现环境温度和频率对CVT谐波传变特性都会产生影响,且对CVT的谐波传变比影响较大,温度主要影响CVT补偿电抗器电感值、主电容值、杂散电容值;频率偏移主要导致CVT输出偏移,从而影响CVT谐波传变特性。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51922061)the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(SGZJ0000KXJS1900418).
文摘Auxiliary frequency control of a wind turbine generator(WTG) has been widely used to enhance the frequencysecurity of power systems with high penetration of renewableenergy. Previous studies recommend two types of control schemes,including frequency droop control and emulated inertia control,which simulate the response characteristics of the synchronousgenerator (SG). This paper plans to further explore the optimalauxiliary frequency control of the wind turbine based on previousresearch. First, it is determined that the virtual inertia control haslittle effect on the maximum rate of change of frequency (MaxROCOF)if the time delay of the control link of WTG is taken intoconsideration. Secondly, if a WTG operates in maximum powerpoint tracking (MPPT) mode and uses the rotor deceleration forfrequency modulation, its optimal auxiliary frequency control willcontain only droop control. Furthermore, if the droop control isproperly delayed, better system frequency response (SFR) willbe obtained. The reason is that coordination between the WTGand SG is important for SFR when the frequency modulationcapability of the WTG is limited. The frequency modulationcapability of the WTG is required to be released more properly.Therefore, when designing optimal auxiliary frequency controlfor the WTG, a better control scheme is worth further study.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 40675044)the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (Grant No 2006CB400503)the Laboratory for Climate Studies of China Meteorological Administration Climate Research Program (Grant No LCS-2006-04)
文摘Using the daily precipitation data of 740 stations in China from 1960 to 2000, the analysis on the variations and distributions of the frequency and the percentage of extreme precipitation to the annual rainfall have been performed in this paper. Results indicate that the percentage of heavy rains （above 25mm/day） in the annual rainfall has increased, while on average the day number of heavy rains has slightly reduced during the past 40 years. In the end of 1970s and the beginning of 1980s, both the number of days with extreme precipitation and the percentage of extreme precipitation abruptly changed over China, especially in the northern China. By moving t test, the abrupt change year of extreme precipitation for each station and its spatial distribution over the whole country are also obtained. The abrupt change years concentrated in 1978-1982 for most regions of northern China while occurred at various stations in southern China in greatly different/diverse years. Besides the abrupt change years of extreme precipitation at part stations of Northwest China happened about 5 years later in comparison with that of the country＇s average.
文摘为获取运行环境因素对电容式电压互感器(capacitor voltage transformer,CVT)谐波传变特性的影响,本文建立35 kV电容式电压互感器的高频等效模型,采用等效变换法进行传递函数的简化求解;在不同环境因素变化下,理论分析环境因素变化对CVT内部结构产生的影响。并基于Matlab仿真平台,仿真分析环境变化下CVT传变特性变化规律。发现环境温度和频率对CVT谐波传变特性都会产生影响,且对CVT的谐波传变比影响较大,温度主要影响CVT补偿电抗器电感值、主电容值、杂散电容值;频率偏移主要导致CVT输出偏移,从而影响CVT谐波传变特性。
