Silica-based materials are widely employed in the thermal protection system for hypersonic vehicles, and the investigation of their catalytic characteristics is crucially important for accurate aerothermal heating pre...Silica-based materials are widely employed in the thermal protection system for hypersonic vehicles, and the investigation of their catalytic characteristics is crucially important for accurate aerothermal heating prediction. By analyzing the disadvantages of Norman＇s high and low temperature models, this paper combines the two models and proposes an eight-reaction combined surface catalytic model to describe the catalysis between oxygen and silica surface. Given proper evaluation of the parameters according to many references, the recombination coefficient obtained shows good agreement with experimental data. The catalytic mechanisms between oxygen and silica surface are then analyzed. Results show that with the increase of the wall temperature, the dominant reaction contributing to catalytic coefficient varies from Langmuir Hinshelwood （LH） recombination （Tw 〈 620 K） to Eley Rideal （ER） replacement （620 K 〈 Tw 〈 1350 K）, and then to 02 desorption （Tw 〉 1350 K）. The surface coverage of chemisorption areas varies evidently with the dominant reactions in the high temperature （HT） range, while the surface coverage of physisorption areas varies within quite low temperature （LT） range （Tw 〈 250 K）. Recommended evaluation of partial parameters is also given.展开更多
甲酸脱氢酶(formate dehydrogenase,FDH)属于D-2-羟基酸脱氢酶类,能催化甲酸氧化生成二氧化碳,同时能将氧化型辅酶I(Oxdized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+)还原成还原型辅酶I(Redued form of nicotinamide adenine d...甲酸脱氢酶(formate dehydrogenase,FDH)属于D-2-羟基酸脱氢酶类,能催化甲酸氧化生成二氧化碳,同时能将氧化型辅酶I(Oxdized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+)还原成还原型辅酶I(Redued form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NADH),在NADH的再生中起重要作用。为了获得高活性的甲酸脱氢酶突变体,本研究以博伊丁假丝酵母甲酸脱氢酶(Candida boidinii formate dehydrogenases,CbFDH)突变体(CbFDHC23S)为亲本,进行了2轮定向进化,获得了一个比酶活性约为亲本4倍,且更适合于在生理条件下进行辅酶再生的突变体M2。然后,利用计算机辅助的手段初步阐明了其温度特性和催化效率改变的分子机制。最后,借助共表达策略进一步提高了突变体M2在大肠杆菌中的表达水平,超声裂解液中的甲酸脱氢酶活性达到45.85 U/mL,远远高于亲本单拷贝表达水平。本研究为增强NADH再生能力、降低NADH的再生成本,实现FDH偶联催化的手性醇及氨基酸衍生物等食品添加剂高效、廉价的绿色生物合成奠定理论基础。展开更多
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51306204)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 13JJ2002)
文摘Silica-based materials are widely employed in the thermal protection system for hypersonic vehicles, and the investigation of their catalytic characteristics is crucially important for accurate aerothermal heating prediction. By analyzing the disadvantages of Norman＇s high and low temperature models, this paper combines the two models and proposes an eight-reaction combined surface catalytic model to describe the catalysis between oxygen and silica surface. Given proper evaluation of the parameters according to many references, the recombination coefficient obtained shows good agreement with experimental data. The catalytic mechanisms between oxygen and silica surface are then analyzed. Results show that with the increase of the wall temperature, the dominant reaction contributing to catalytic coefficient varies from Langmuir Hinshelwood （LH） recombination （Tw 〈 620 K） to Eley Rideal （ER） replacement （620 K 〈 Tw 〈 1350 K）, and then to 02 desorption （Tw 〉 1350 K）. The surface coverage of chemisorption areas varies evidently with the dominant reactions in the high temperature （HT） range, while the surface coverage of physisorption areas varies within quite low temperature （LT） range （Tw 〈 250 K）. Recommended evaluation of partial parameters is also given.
文摘甲酸脱氢酶(formate dehydrogenase,FDH)属于D-2-羟基酸脱氢酶类,能催化甲酸氧化生成二氧化碳,同时能将氧化型辅酶I(Oxdized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+)还原成还原型辅酶I(Redued form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NADH),在NADH的再生中起重要作用。为了获得高活性的甲酸脱氢酶突变体,本研究以博伊丁假丝酵母甲酸脱氢酶(Candida boidinii formate dehydrogenases,CbFDH)突变体(CbFDHC23S)为亲本,进行了2轮定向进化,获得了一个比酶活性约为亲本4倍,且更适合于在生理条件下进行辅酶再生的突变体M2。然后,利用计算机辅助的手段初步阐明了其温度特性和催化效率改变的分子机制。最后,借助共表达策略进一步提高了突变体M2在大肠杆菌中的表达水平,超声裂解液中的甲酸脱氢酶活性达到45.85 U/mL,远远高于亲本单拷贝表达水平。本研究为增强NADH再生能力、降低NADH的再生成本,实现FDH偶联催化的手性醇及氨基酸衍生物等食品添加剂高效、廉价的绿色生物合成奠定理论基础。
