Two identical bench-scale biotrickling filters （BTFs）, BTF 1 and BTF 2, were evaluated for toluene removal at various gas empty bed contact times （EBCTs） and organic loadings. BTF 1 and BTF 2 were packed with stru...Two identical bench-scale biotrickling filters （BTFs）, BTF 1 and BTF 2, were evaluated for toluene removal at various gas empty bed contact times （EBCTs） and organic loadings. BTF 1 and BTF 2 were packed with structured and cubic synthetic polyurethane sponges, respectively. At a constant toluene loading of 16 g/（m3.hr）, toluene removal efficiencies decreased from 98.8% to 64.3% for BTF 1 and from 98.4% to 74.1% for BTF 2 as gas EBCT decreased from 30 to 5 sec. When the toluene loading increased from 35 to 140 g/（m3.hr） at a gas EBCT of 30 sec, the removal efficiencies decreased from 99.1% to 77.4% for BTF 1 and from 99.0% to 81.5% for BTF 2. The pressure drop for both BTFs increased with increased air flow rate, and did not significantly vary while the toluene loading was increased under similar operation conditions. BTF 1 and BTF 2 could start up successfully within 19 and 27 days, respectively, when packed with fresh sponge media, and the performances could be restored in 3-7 days after biomass was removed and wasted from the media. BTF 2 displayed higher removal efficiency even under shorter EBCT or higher loading rate than BTF1 when other operation conditions were similar, while it showed lower pressure drop than BTF 1 during the whole period of operation. These results demonstrated that both BTFs could treat waste gas containing toluene effectively.展开更多
分布式发电(Distributed generation,DG)单元高渗透性会造成各种电能质量问题,从而导致电网承载能力降低。为此,提出一种面向分布式电源的改进灰狼优化与引力搜索(Grey wolf optimization and gravity search,GWO-GS)电网承载力提升方...分布式发电(Distributed generation,DG)单元高渗透性会造成各种电能质量问题,从而导致电网承载能力降低。为此,提出一种面向分布式电源的改进灰狼优化与引力搜索(Grey wolf optimization and gravity search,GWO-GS)电网承载力提升方法。提出一种谐波滤波器,大范围地抑制谐波并降低功率损耗,从而最大限度地提高谐波约束的随机性承载能力。利用控制系数的自适应调节和适应度值对权重的作用,同时采用改进灰狼算法进行优化,避免陷入局部最优。结合DG间歇输出功率、负载变化等不确定因素,构建基于改进GWO-GS的滤波器优化。利用Matlab仿真平台对所提优化算法进行验证,结果表明所提算法的收敛时间最短,性能优于其他算法。展开更多
中国石油化工股份有限公司广州分公司1.50 Mt/a S Zorb装置自2010年1月10日开工投产以来,出现了反应器过滤器压差高、吸附剂转剂不畅、吸附剂活性下降等影响装置长周期高负荷运行的主要问题,通过使用ME7101高通量滤芯、改造下料流程、...中国石油化工股份有限公司广州分公司1.50 Mt/a S Zorb装置自2010年1月10日开工投产以来,出现了反应器过滤器压差高、吸附剂转剂不畅、吸附剂活性下降等影响装置长周期高负荷运行的主要问题,通过使用ME7101高通量滤芯、改造下料流程、提高吸附剂活性等手段,将装置运行周期从过去最高的21.5个月延长到目前的30个月并仍维持正常生产,且负荷最高达110%,2016年每月加工量较2015年增加10~30 kt。展开更多
Among various schemes to reuse and recycle the limited urban fresh water resources, sustainable urban stormwater management, such as water sensitive urban design and rainwater harvesting, has been recognized as one of...Among various schemes to reuse and recycle the limited urban fresh water resources, sustainable urban stormwater management, such as water sensitive urban design and rainwater harvesting, has been recognized as one of the most efficient and economically viable approaches. Storm runoff shall be treated as close as possible to its source before it is reused or discharged into public drainage network or receiving waters to enhance the water environment quality. Bioretention swale/basin, which has been commonly applied to treat runoff from roads, car parks, cyclist and pedestrian paths, rooftops, etc., is recognized to be the most efficient and aesthetic pleasing way to harvest rainwater in urban settings, and other longish shape runoff catchment area. This paper studied over 10 bioretention swales/basins applications in temperate region worldwide covering China, Germany, Norway, Austria, USA, and Australia. Key steps in bioretention swale/basin design and implementation in temperate region were investigated, such as strategic bioretention scheme selection, flow conveyance and hydraulic capacity design, filtering media profile, vegetation scheme selection and maintenance scheme, and suggestion and key design parameters. The critical path and parameters of bioretention swale/basin design which enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of its application for rainwater harvesting in temperate regions were derived.展开更多
设计了基于CAN(Controller Area Network)总线的多路车身传感器信号采集和车身各控制器之间通讯系统。设计电路对车身轮速信号、车速信号、车身加速度信号、扭矩信号进行调理、滤波,并利用两个32位高性能ARM单片机LPC2292实现对其进行...设计了基于CAN(Controller Area Network)总线的多路车身传感器信号采集和车身各控制器之间通讯系统。设计电路对车身轮速信号、车速信号、车身加速度信号、扭矩信号进行调理、滤波,并利用两个32位高性能ARM单片机LPC2292实现对其进行处理。通过CAN总线节点将多路信号发送给车身各控制器,各控制器也通过CAN总线相互传递车身的集成信号。系统为车身各控制器集成控制提供了便利,节省了汽车线路,提高了传感器信号处理的可靠性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50778066)the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (No. 2006BAJ04A13)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20090161110010)
文摘Two identical bench-scale biotrickling filters （BTFs）, BTF 1 and BTF 2, were evaluated for toluene removal at various gas empty bed contact times （EBCTs） and organic loadings. BTF 1 and BTF 2 were packed with structured and cubic synthetic polyurethane sponges, respectively. At a constant toluene loading of 16 g/（m3.hr）, toluene removal efficiencies decreased from 98.8% to 64.3% for BTF 1 and from 98.4% to 74.1% for BTF 2 as gas EBCT decreased from 30 to 5 sec. When the toluene loading increased from 35 to 140 g/（m3.hr） at a gas EBCT of 30 sec, the removal efficiencies decreased from 99.1% to 77.4% for BTF 1 and from 99.0% to 81.5% for BTF 2. The pressure drop for both BTFs increased with increased air flow rate, and did not significantly vary while the toluene loading was increased under similar operation conditions. BTF 1 and BTF 2 could start up successfully within 19 and 27 days, respectively, when packed with fresh sponge media, and the performances could be restored in 3-7 days after biomass was removed and wasted from the media. BTF 2 displayed higher removal efficiency even under shorter EBCT or higher loading rate than BTF1 when other operation conditions were similar, while it showed lower pressure drop than BTF 1 during the whole period of operation. These results demonstrated that both BTFs could treat waste gas containing toluene effectively.
文摘分布式发电(Distributed generation,DG)单元高渗透性会造成各种电能质量问题,从而导致电网承载能力降低。为此,提出一种面向分布式电源的改进灰狼优化与引力搜索(Grey wolf optimization and gravity search,GWO-GS)电网承载力提升方法。提出一种谐波滤波器,大范围地抑制谐波并降低功率损耗,从而最大限度地提高谐波约束的随机性承载能力。利用控制系数的自适应调节和适应度值对权重的作用,同时采用改进灰狼算法进行优化,避免陷入局部最优。结合DG间歇输出功率、负载变化等不确定因素,构建基于改进GWO-GS的滤波器优化。利用Matlab仿真平台对所提优化算法进行验证,结果表明所提算法的收敛时间最短,性能优于其他算法。
文摘中国石油化工股份有限公司广州分公司1.50 Mt/a S Zorb装置自2010年1月10日开工投产以来,出现了反应器过滤器压差高、吸附剂转剂不畅、吸附剂活性下降等影响装置长周期高负荷运行的主要问题,通过使用ME7101高通量滤芯、改造下料流程、提高吸附剂活性等手段,将装置运行周期从过去最高的21.5个月延长到目前的30个月并仍维持正常生产,且负荷最高达110%,2016年每月加工量较2015年增加10~30 kt。
基金National Key Science and Technology Special Project, China(No. 2008zx07317-007-105)
文摘Among various schemes to reuse and recycle the limited urban fresh water resources, sustainable urban stormwater management, such as water sensitive urban design and rainwater harvesting, has been recognized as one of the most efficient and economically viable approaches. Storm runoff shall be treated as close as possible to its source before it is reused or discharged into public drainage network or receiving waters to enhance the water environment quality. Bioretention swale/basin, which has been commonly applied to treat runoff from roads, car parks, cyclist and pedestrian paths, rooftops, etc., is recognized to be the most efficient and aesthetic pleasing way to harvest rainwater in urban settings, and other longish shape runoff catchment area. This paper studied over 10 bioretention swales/basins applications in temperate region worldwide covering China, Germany, Norway, Austria, USA, and Australia. Key steps in bioretention swale/basin design and implementation in temperate region were investigated, such as strategic bioretention scheme selection, flow conveyance and hydraulic capacity design, filtering media profile, vegetation scheme selection and maintenance scheme, and suggestion and key design parameters. The critical path and parameters of bioretention swale/basin design which enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of its application for rainwater harvesting in temperate regions were derived.
文摘设计了基于CAN(Controller Area Network)总线的多路车身传感器信号采集和车身各控制器之间通讯系统。设计电路对车身轮速信号、车速信号、车身加速度信号、扭矩信号进行调理、滤波,并利用两个32位高性能ARM单片机LPC2292实现对其进行处理。通过CAN总线节点将多路信号发送给车身各控制器,各控制器也通过CAN总线相互传递车身的集成信号。系统为车身各控制器集成控制提供了便利,节省了汽车线路,提高了传感器信号处理的可靠性。
