While the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) have declined due to public health programs, it remains the third deadliest cancer worldwide. For patients with early disease, innovative endoscopic and complex...While the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) have declined due to public health programs, it remains the third deadliest cancer worldwide. For patients with early disease, innovative endoscopic and complex surgical techniques have improved survival. However, for patients with advanced disease, there are limited treatment options and survival remains poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective therapies. Since novel therapies require extensive preclinical testing prior to human trials, it is important to identify methods to expedite this process. Traditional cancer models are restricted by the inability to accurately recapitulate the primary human tumor, exorbitant costs, and the requirement for extended periods of development time. An emerging in vitro model to study human disease is the patient-derived organoid, which is a three-dimensional system created from fresh surgical or biopsy tissues of a patient’s gastric tumor. Organoids are cultured in plastic wells and suspended in a gelatinous matrix, providing a substrate for extension and growth in all dimensions. They are rapid-growing and highly representative of the molecular landscape, histology, and morphology of the various subtypes of GC. Organoids uniquely model tumor initiation and growth, including steps taken by normal stomach cells to transform into invasive, intestinal-type tumor cells. Additionally, they provide ample material for biobanking and screening novel therapies. Lastly, organoids are a promising model for personalized therapy and warrant further investigation in drug sensitivity studies for GC patients.展开更多
This study describes a novel model of cancer. Cancer is caused, according to this model, by two toxic molecules, COF2 (carbonyl fluoride) and CS2 (carbon disulfide). COF2 acts as a catalyst and produces CS2. CS2 acts ...This study describes a novel model of cancer. Cancer is caused, according to this model, by two toxic molecules, COF2 (carbonyl fluoride) and CS2 (carbon disulfide). COF2 acts as a catalyst and produces CS2. CS2 acts as a catalyst and produces COF2. Hence, the molecules COF2 and CS2 have the ability to reproduce each other, i.e. to create a chain reaction where COF2 and CS2 are multiplied. COF2 and CS2 are toxic. It is proposed that long-term cell exposure to COF2 and CS2 may disturb cell apoptosis and cause uncontrolled cell growth, i.e. cancer. Consequently, cancer is caused by a disease causing mechanism or agent and not by a pathogen. However, cancer can be initiated by e.g. a bacteria or virus that contains the molecules COF2 and CS2, wherein these molecules start a chain reaction producing COF2 and CS2 in the infected area and where the result can be cancer. The study describes why Fe2O3 (iron (III) oxide) may have a therapeutic effect on cancer.展开更多
文摘While the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) have declined due to public health programs, it remains the third deadliest cancer worldwide. For patients with early disease, innovative endoscopic and complex surgical techniques have improved survival. However, for patients with advanced disease, there are limited treatment options and survival remains poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective therapies. Since novel therapies require extensive preclinical testing prior to human trials, it is important to identify methods to expedite this process. Traditional cancer models are restricted by the inability to accurately recapitulate the primary human tumor, exorbitant costs, and the requirement for extended periods of development time. An emerging in vitro model to study human disease is the patient-derived organoid, which is a three-dimensional system created from fresh surgical or biopsy tissues of a patient’s gastric tumor. Organoids are cultured in plastic wells and suspended in a gelatinous matrix, providing a substrate for extension and growth in all dimensions. They are rapid-growing and highly representative of the molecular landscape, histology, and morphology of the various subtypes of GC. Organoids uniquely model tumor initiation and growth, including steps taken by normal stomach cells to transform into invasive, intestinal-type tumor cells. Additionally, they provide ample material for biobanking and screening novel therapies. Lastly, organoids are a promising model for personalized therapy and warrant further investigation in drug sensitivity studies for GC patients.
文摘This study describes a novel model of cancer. Cancer is caused, according to this model, by two toxic molecules, COF2 (carbonyl fluoride) and CS2 (carbon disulfide). COF2 acts as a catalyst and produces CS2. CS2 acts as a catalyst and produces COF2. Hence, the molecules COF2 and CS2 have the ability to reproduce each other, i.e. to create a chain reaction where COF2 and CS2 are multiplied. COF2 and CS2 are toxic. It is proposed that long-term cell exposure to COF2 and CS2 may disturb cell apoptosis and cause uncontrolled cell growth, i.e. cancer. Consequently, cancer is caused by a disease causing mechanism or agent and not by a pathogen. However, cancer can be initiated by e.g. a bacteria or virus that contains the molecules COF2 and CS2, wherein these molecules start a chain reaction producing COF2 and CS2 in the infected area and where the result can be cancer. The study describes why Fe2O3 (iron (III) oxide) may have a therapeutic effect on cancer.
