Bump mapping is a texture-based rendering approach for simulating surface details to make its illumination results have three-dimensional effects. The bumpy properties of an object are determined by height maps. But i...Bump mapping is a texture-based rendering approach for simulating surface details to make its illumination results have three-dimensional effects. The bumpy properties of an object are determined by height maps. But in the process of generating height maps, a problem arises, i.e. to get a correct value of the pixel height, empirical data should be calculated repeatedly, which proves very complicated, and meanwhile the realistic rendering effect is reduced, because the bumpy property is exaggerated in the height map. Therefore, in this paper, we present a method for describing the details of the bumpy texture, where a new concept ＂bumpy map＂ is introduced to replace the height map. Experimental results demonstrate that the bumpy details produced by the ＂bumpy map＂ are more consistent with the original bumpy texture than by the method of height map.展开更多
Theoretical and experimental studies associated with electric field effectson the stability and transport are briefly surveyed. The effects of radial electric field on thesuppression and/or enhancement of various micr...Theoretical and experimental studies associated with electric field effectson the stability and transport are briefly surveyed. The effects of radial electric field on thesuppression and/or enhancement of various microinstabilities such as drift waves, flute mode andtemperature gradient modes are discussed. The suppression of flow shear on the electron temperaturegradient mode in plasmas with slightly hollow density profiles is investigated by solving thegyrokinetic integral eigenvalue equation. Comparison between theoretical predictions andexperimental observations based on the HIBP measurements with high temporal and spatial resolutionsis made in bumpy tori and heliotron (CHS) devices.展开更多
If all prime closed geodesics on(S^n, F) with an irreversible Finsler metric F are irrationally elliptic,there exist either exactly 2 [(n+1)/2] or infinitely many distinct closed geodesics. As an application, we show ...If all prime closed geodesics on(S^n, F) with an irreversible Finsler metric F are irrationally elliptic,there exist either exactly 2 [(n+1)/2] or infinitely many distinct closed geodesics. As an application, we show the existence of three distinct closed geodesics on bumpy Finsler(S^3, F) if any prime closed geodesic has non-zero Morse index.展开更多
The world economy crawls ahead amid risk and uncertainty The world economic situation has been extremely complicated in 2010. This year saw fluctuating market confidence,changing commodity prices, imbalanced economic ...The world economy crawls ahead amid risk and uncertainty The world economic situation has been extremely complicated in 2010. This year saw fluctuating market confidence,changing commodity prices, imbalanced economic recovery, diverse economic policies, lingering trade protectionism, and fierce currency battles.展开更多
Continued to decline According to statistics from China Association of Automobile Manufacturers(CAAM),while Chinas auto production and sale continue to increase,automobile export has declined.Statistics show that the ...Continued to decline According to statistics from China Association of Automobile Manufacturers(CAAM),while Chinas auto production and sale continue to increase,automobile export has declined.Statistics show that the number of China’s automobile export declined in2013 with overall export of 977,300。展开更多
针对重型机械中超大超重型件的制造、加工、运输、和装配难的问题,提出了预应力坎合连接的方法。指出了预应力坎合连接与普通机加工表面自然摩擦以及机械键合的区别,并从仿生学和接触力学的角度分析了多峰坎合连接的原理。通过预应力可...针对重型机械中超大超重型件的制造、加工、运输、和装配难的问题,提出了预应力坎合连接的方法。指出了预应力坎合连接与普通机加工表面自然摩擦以及机械键合的区别,并从仿生学和接触力学的角度分析了多峰坎合连接的原理。通过预应力可使坎合处理后的剖分子件形成具有承载能力的整体件,基于此原理提出了3种预应力坎合连接的工程应用方法。坎合因数的测量实验表明,在预应力场的作用下,界面的坎合处理可以有效提高结构抗错移能力。通过350 M N模锻液压机模型实验,发现预应力坎合连接结构的抗错能力能够很好地满足模锻液压机的力学要求。该文还介绍了目前预应力坎合连接在重型压机中的实际应用。展开更多
基金Supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60533030, 60825203, 60572104)National High-Tech Re-search & Development Program of China (Grant No.2006AA01Z317)Science and Technology Development Program of Education Commission in Beijing (Grant No. KM200710005017)
文摘Bump mapping is a texture-based rendering approach for simulating surface details to make its illumination results have three-dimensional effects. The bumpy properties of an object are determined by height maps. But in the process of generating height maps, a problem arises, i.e. to get a correct value of the pixel height, empirical data should be calculated repeatedly, which proves very complicated, and meanwhile the realistic rendering effect is reduced, because the bumpy property is exaggerated in the height map. Therefore, in this paper, we present a method for describing the details of the bumpy texture, where a new concept ＂bumpy map＂ is introduced to replace the height map. Experimental results demonstrate that the bumpy details produced by the ＂bumpy map＂ are more consistent with the original bumpy texture than by the method of height map.
文摘Theoretical and experimental studies associated with electric field effectson the stability and transport are briefly surveyed. The effects of radial electric field on thesuppression and/or enhancement of various microinstabilities such as drift waves, flute mode andtemperature gradient modes are discussed. The suppression of flow shear on the electron temperaturegradient mode in plasmas with slightly hollow density profiles is investigated by solving thegyrokinetic integral eigenvalue equation. Comparison between theoretical predictions andexperimental observations based on the HIBP measurements with high temporal and spatial resolutionsis made in bumpy tori and heliotron (CHS) devices.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11131004, 11471169 and 11401555)the Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Combinatorics of Ministry of Education of China and Nankai University, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2014T70589)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (Grant No. WK0010000037)
文摘If all prime closed geodesics on(S^n, F) with an irreversible Finsler metric F are irrationally elliptic,there exist either exactly 2 [(n+1)/2] or infinitely many distinct closed geodesics. As an application, we show the existence of three distinct closed geodesics on bumpy Finsler(S^3, F) if any prime closed geodesic has non-zero Morse index.
文摘The world economy crawls ahead amid risk and uncertainty The world economic situation has been extremely complicated in 2010. This year saw fluctuating market confidence,changing commodity prices, imbalanced economic recovery, diverse economic policies, lingering trade protectionism, and fierce currency battles.
文摘Continued to decline According to statistics from China Association of Automobile Manufacturers(CAAM),while Chinas auto production and sale continue to increase,automobile export has declined.Statistics show that the number of China’s automobile export declined in2013 with overall export of 977,300。
文摘针对重型机械中超大超重型件的制造、加工、运输、和装配难的问题,提出了预应力坎合连接的方法。指出了预应力坎合连接与普通机加工表面自然摩擦以及机械键合的区别,并从仿生学和接触力学的角度分析了多峰坎合连接的原理。通过预应力可使坎合处理后的剖分子件形成具有承载能力的整体件,基于此原理提出了3种预应力坎合连接的工程应用方法。坎合因数的测量实验表明,在预应力场的作用下,界面的坎合处理可以有效提高结构抗错移能力。通过350 M N模锻液压机模型实验,发现预应力坎合连接结构的抗错能力能够很好地满足模锻液压机的力学要求。该文还介绍了目前预应力坎合连接在重型压机中的实际应用。
