<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Exclusive breastfeeding is fundamental for the good health and development...<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Exclusive breastfeeding is fundamental for the good health and development of the mother and the child. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breastfeeding after childbirth should be initiated within 30 minutes. For a number of reasons, WHO recommendations on guiding principles for infants and young children feeding are often not followed. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To determine the reasons for the delayed initiation of breastfeeding in newly delivered women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Means and Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> We carried out a mixed cross-sectional study over a period of six months from December 1</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2018 to May 31</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2019, at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital. We included all mothers with full-term or premature babies weighing ≥ 2000 grams and those whom initiated breastfeeding more than one hour after delivery. The mother’s reasons for delaying breastfeeding initiation were recorded using a dictaphone and data were accurately extracted for analysis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> We interviewed 153 mothers. Their mean age was 27.9 ± 6.2 years. The main reasons for delaying breastfeeding initiation were caesarean delivery (22%), the belief in “spoiled milk” (21%), lack of knowledge about the time to initiate breastfeeding (21%), baby asleep (18%), and lack of instruction given to the mother by the health staff (2%). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Delayed breastfeeding was common in our context. Improving the quality of breastfe展开更多
The breast milk of HIV infected women contains HIV virus particles,therefore children can become infected through breastfeeding.We develop a mathematical epidemiological model of HIV infection in infants,infected chil...The breast milk of HIV infected women contains HIV virus particles,therefore children can become infected through breastfeeding.We develop a mathematical epidemiological model of HIV infection in infants,infected children and infected women that represents infection of an infant/child as a series of exposures,by incorporating within-host virus dynamics in the individuals exposed to the virus through breastfeeding.We show that repeated exposures of the infant/child via breastfeeding can cause bi-stability dynamics and,subsequently,infection persistence even when the epidemiological basic reproduction number R0 is less than unity.This feature of the model,due to a backward bifurcation,gives new insight into the control mechanisms of HIV disease through breastfeeding.展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Exclusive breastfeeding is fundamental for the good health and development of the mother and the child. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breastfeeding after childbirth should be initiated within 30 minutes. For a number of reasons, WHO recommendations on guiding principles for infants and young children feeding are often not followed. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To determine the reasons for the delayed initiation of breastfeeding in newly delivered women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Means and Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> We carried out a mixed cross-sectional study over a period of six months from December 1</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2018 to May 31</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2019, at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital. We included all mothers with full-term or premature babies weighing ≥ 2000 grams and those whom initiated breastfeeding more than one hour after delivery. The mother’s reasons for delaying breastfeeding initiation were recorded using a dictaphone and data were accurately extracted for analysis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> We interviewed 153 mothers. Their mean age was 27.9 ± 6.2 years. The main reasons for delaying breastfeeding initiation were caesarean delivery (22%), the belief in “spoiled milk” (21%), lack of knowledge about the time to initiate breastfeeding (21%), baby asleep (18%), and lack of instruction given to the mother by the health staff (2%). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Delayed breastfeeding was common in our context. Improving the quality of breastfe
文摘The breast milk of HIV infected women contains HIV virus particles,therefore children can become infected through breastfeeding.We develop a mathematical epidemiological model of HIV infection in infants,infected children and infected women that represents infection of an infant/child as a series of exposures,by incorporating within-host virus dynamics in the individuals exposed to the virus through breastfeeding.We show that repeated exposures of the infant/child via breastfeeding can cause bi-stability dynamics and,subsequently,infection persistence even when the epidemiological basic reproduction number R0 is less than unity.This feature of the model,due to a backward bifurcation,gives new insight into the control mechanisms of HIV disease through breastfeeding.
