The SKS furnace is a horizontal cylindrical reactor similar to a Noranda furnace,however,the oxygen enriched air isblown into the furnace from the bottom.Mechanism model of the SKS process was developed by analyzing t...The SKS furnace is a horizontal cylindrical reactor similar to a Noranda furnace,however,the oxygen enriched air isblown into the furnace from the bottom.Mechanism model of the SKS process was developed by analyzing the smeltingcharacteristics deeply.In our model,the furnace section from top to bottom is divided into seven functional layers,i.e.,gas layer,mineral decomposition transitioning layer,slag layer,slag formation transitioning layer,matte formation transitioning layer,weakoxidizing layer and strong oxidizing layer.The furnace along the length direction is divided into three functional regions,that is,reaction region,separation transitioning region and liquid phase separation and settling region.These layers or regions play differentroles in the model in describing the mechanism of the smelting process.The SKS smelting is at a multiphase non-steady equilibriumstate,and the oxygen and sulfur potentials change gradually in the length and cross directions.The smelting capacity of the SKSprocess could be raised through reasonably controlling the potential values in different layers and regions.展开更多
A computational thermodynamics model for the oxygen bottom-blown copper smelting process(Shuikoushan,SKS process)was established,based on the SKS smelting characteristics and theory of Gibbs free energy minimization.T...A computational thermodynamics model for the oxygen bottom-blown copper smelting process(Shuikoushan,SKS process)was established,based on the SKS smelting characteristics and theory of Gibbs free energy minimization.The calculated results of the model show that,under the given stable production condition,the contents of Cu,Fe and S in matte are71.08%,7.15%and17.51%,and the contents of Fe,SiO2and Cu in slag are42.17%,25.05%and3.16%.The calculated fractional distributions of minor elements among gas,slag and matte phases are As82.69%,11.22%,6.09%,Sb16.57%,70.63%,12.80%,Bi68.93%,11.30%,19.77%,Pb19.70%,24.75%,55.55%and Zn17.94%,64.28%,17.79%,respectively.The calculated results of the multiphase equilibrium model agree well with the actual industrial production data,indicating that the credibility of the model is validated.Therefore,the model could be used to monitor and optimize the industrial operations of SKS process.展开更多
基金Project(51620105013)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The SKS furnace is a horizontal cylindrical reactor similar to a Noranda furnace,however,the oxygen enriched air isblown into the furnace from the bottom.Mechanism model of the SKS process was developed by analyzing the smeltingcharacteristics deeply.In our model,the furnace section from top to bottom is divided into seven functional layers,i.e.,gas layer,mineral decomposition transitioning layer,slag layer,slag formation transitioning layer,matte formation transitioning layer,weakoxidizing layer and strong oxidizing layer.The furnace along the length direction is divided into three functional regions,that is,reaction region,separation transitioning region and liquid phase separation and settling region.These layers or regions play differentroles in the model in describing the mechanism of the smelting process.The SKS smelting is at a multiphase non-steady equilibriumstate,and the oxygen and sulfur potentials change gradually in the length and cross directions.The smelting capacity of the SKSprocess could be raised through reasonably controlling the potential values in different layers and regions.
基金Project(51620105013)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A computational thermodynamics model for the oxygen bottom-blown copper smelting process(Shuikoushan,SKS process)was established,based on the SKS smelting characteristics and theory of Gibbs free energy minimization.The calculated results of the model show that,under the given stable production condition,the contents of Cu,Fe and S in matte are71.08%,7.15%and17.51%,and the contents of Fe,SiO2and Cu in slag are42.17%,25.05%and3.16%.The calculated fractional distributions of minor elements among gas,slag and matte phases are As82.69%,11.22%,6.09%,Sb16.57%,70.63%,12.80%,Bi68.93%,11.30%,19.77%,Pb19.70%,24.75%,55.55%and Zn17.94%,64.28%,17.79%,respectively.The calculated results of the multiphase equilibrium model agree well with the actual industrial production data,indicating that the credibility of the model is validated.Therefore,the model could be used to monitor and optimize the industrial operations of SKS process.
