Severe burn injury triggers the body＇s nonspecific adaptive responses to acute insult, including the systemic inflammatory and stress responses, as well as the sympathetic response to immobilization. These responses ...Severe burn injury triggers the body＇s nonspecific adaptive responses to acute insult, including the systemic inflammatory and stress responses, as well as the sympathetic response to immobilization. These responses trigger inflammatory bone resorption followed by glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and probably osteocytes. Because these patients are catabolic, they suffer concomitant muscle wasting and negative nitrogen balance. The use of anabolic agents such as recombinant human growth hormone and oxandrolone results in improved bone mineral content and muscle strength after approximately I year. Use of bisphosphonates within the first 10 days of a severe burn completely blocks the resorptive bone loss and has the added advantage of appearing to preserve muscle protein from excessive breakdown. The mechanism for the protective effect on muscle is not currently known. However, if the effect of bisphosphonates on muscle can be confirmed, it raises the possibility that bone communicates with muscle.展开更多
This paper reviewed 136 cases with definite bone and joint lesions selected froma total of 4286 burn patients.The clinical appearance,blood and urine biochemistry,blood cultures,gross and histological autopsy examinat...This paper reviewed 136 cases with definite bone and joint lesions selected froma total of 4286 burn patients.The clinical appearance,blood and urine biochemistry,blood cultures,gross and histological autopsy examination as well as surgical and biopsyspecimens were studied with emphasis on X-ray manifestations.The lesions were classi-fied,according to their X-ray appearances,into four types:alterations limited to thebone,alterations involving periarticular structures,changes of the joint and deformity ofthe bone and joint.The pathogenesis and radiological appearances of osteoporosis,mutila-tion of the fingers as well as incidence and pathogenesis of heterotopic para-articularossification were analysed and discussed.展开更多
Although nanotechnology is a relatively young field,there are countless biomedical applications in use or under investigation.Many specialties have benefitted from nanoscale refinements of diagnostic and therapeutic t...Although nanotechnology is a relatively young field,there are countless biomedical applications in use or under investigation.Many specialties have benefitted from nanoscale refinements of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.Plastic and reconstructive surgery is an incredibly diverse specialty,encompassing craniofacial and hand surgery;trauma,oncologic and congenital reconstruction;burn care,and aesthetic surgery.Advances in nanotechnology have significantly impacted wound management,topical skin care,implant and prosthetic design,tissue engineering,and drug delivery systems.Currently,plastic surgeons are researching the utility of nanoscale tools for bone regeneration,bone prosthetics,and drug delivery.Nanotechnology will continue to build upon preceding discoveries,and its biomedical applications in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery will expand significantly.展开更多
基金partial support from P50 GM60338 from the National Institutes of Health and several grants from Shriners Hospitals for Children
文摘Severe burn injury triggers the body＇s nonspecific adaptive responses to acute insult, including the systemic inflammatory and stress responses, as well as the sympathetic response to immobilization. These responses trigger inflammatory bone resorption followed by glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and probably osteocytes. Because these patients are catabolic, they suffer concomitant muscle wasting and negative nitrogen balance. The use of anabolic agents such as recombinant human growth hormone and oxandrolone results in improved bone mineral content and muscle strength after approximately I year. Use of bisphosphonates within the first 10 days of a severe burn completely blocks the resorptive bone loss and has the added advantage of appearing to preserve muscle protein from excessive breakdown. The mechanism for the protective effect on muscle is not currently known. However, if the effect of bisphosphonates on muscle can be confirmed, it raises the possibility that bone communicates with muscle.
文摘This paper reviewed 136 cases with definite bone and joint lesions selected froma total of 4286 burn patients.The clinical appearance,blood and urine biochemistry,blood cultures,gross and histological autopsy examination as well as surgical and biopsyspecimens were studied with emphasis on X-ray manifestations.The lesions were classi-fied,according to their X-ray appearances,into four types:alterations limited to thebone,alterations involving periarticular structures,changes of the joint and deformity ofthe bone and joint.The pathogenesis and radiological appearances of osteoporosis,mutila-tion of the fingers as well as incidence and pathogenesis of heterotopic para-articularossification were analysed and discussed.
文摘Although nanotechnology is a relatively young field,there are countless biomedical applications in use or under investigation.Many specialties have benefitted from nanoscale refinements of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.Plastic and reconstructive surgery is an incredibly diverse specialty,encompassing craniofacial and hand surgery;trauma,oncologic and congenital reconstruction;burn care,and aesthetic surgery.Advances in nanotechnology have significantly impacted wound management,topical skin care,implant and prosthetic design,tissue engineering,and drug delivery systems.Currently,plastic surgeons are researching the utility of nanoscale tools for bone regeneration,bone prosthetics,and drug delivery.Nanotechnology will continue to build upon preceding discoveries,and its biomedical applications in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery will expand significantly.
