Background:According to the World Health Organization (WHO),a global reduction of 17% has been achieved in the major noncommunicable disease-associated mortality rate since 2000.This decline was due to the decreasing ...Background:According to the World Health Organization (WHO),a global reduction of 17% has been achieved in the major noncommunicable disease-associated mortality rate since 2000.This decline was due to the decreasing mortality associated with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. The WHO has not made any comments on diabetes-related mortality thus far.The objective of this study was to demonstrate trends in diabetes-related mortality associated with country-wide interventions.Methods:The WHO statistics were used to assess trends in diabetes-related mortality from 2000 to 2016.Different types of community-based interventions in 49 countries were compared and assessed.Results:The baseline mortality decreased by 7%.Mortality in middle-income countries was higher than that in high-income countries. The prevalence of obesity showed a gradual increase in all countries. After implementation of the WHO "best buy" in 2010, mortality increased in 17 countries and decreased in 32 countries. Regarding the smoking prevalence trend, 87% countries with decreasing diabetes-related mortality had a gradual decline in tobacco usage since 2000.The decline was observed only in 43% countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality. The prevalence of hypertension increased in 19% countries with declining diabetes-related mortality and in 35% countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality. Physical activity measures tended to be better implemented in countries with declining diabetes-related mortality than in countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality.Conclusion:Smoking cessation and better blood pressure control are associated with declining diabetes-related mortality. Longer implementation periods are needed for other lifestyle interventions.展开更多
目的分析大连市2011~2015年无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布特点及变化趋势,为制订和改进无偿献血者招募策略提供参考。方法采用唐山启奥软件信息管理系统,以2011~2015年在大连市血液中心献血的无偿献血者为研究...目的分析大连市2011~2015年无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布特点及变化趋势,为制订和改进无偿献血者招募策略提供参考。方法采用唐山启奥软件信息管理系统,以2011~2015年在大连市血液中心献血的无偿献血者为研究对象,对无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布及变化趋势进行分析。结果大连地区献血人数逐年增加,男性献血者始终多于女性,且男女献血比例差距进一步拉大(63.2%VS 36.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。献血者平均年龄增加2.5岁(P<0.01)。在2011~2015年,18~25岁年龄段献血者比例呈逐渐降低趋势(49.2%VS 38.7%,P<0.01);>25~35岁年龄段献血者比例变化不大,差异无统计学意义(26.1%VS25.9%,P>0.05);>35~45岁和>45岁2个年龄段献血者比例均逐渐升高(17.2%VS 21.6%,P<0.01;7.5%VS 13.8%,P<0.01)。街头献血者比例逐年下降(82.4%V S 72.8%,P<0.01),团体献血者比例逐年上升(17.6%V S 27.2%,P<0.01)。结论大连地区无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布,有其自身特点,所占比例也在不断变化。应根据无偿献血人群的特征,加强对不同群体的宣传教育,制定合理的献血者招募策略,满足临床用血需求。展开更多
文摘Background:According to the World Health Organization (WHO),a global reduction of 17% has been achieved in the major noncommunicable disease-associated mortality rate since 2000.This decline was due to the decreasing mortality associated with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. The WHO has not made any comments on diabetes-related mortality thus far.The objective of this study was to demonstrate trends in diabetes-related mortality associated with country-wide interventions.Methods:The WHO statistics were used to assess trends in diabetes-related mortality from 2000 to 2016.Different types of community-based interventions in 49 countries were compared and assessed.Results:The baseline mortality decreased by 7%.Mortality in middle-income countries was higher than that in high-income countries. The prevalence of obesity showed a gradual increase in all countries. After implementation of the WHO "best buy" in 2010, mortality increased in 17 countries and decreased in 32 countries. Regarding the smoking prevalence trend, 87% countries with decreasing diabetes-related mortality had a gradual decline in tobacco usage since 2000.The decline was observed only in 43% countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality. The prevalence of hypertension increased in 19% countries with declining diabetes-related mortality and in 35% countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality. Physical activity measures tended to be better implemented in countries with declining diabetes-related mortality than in countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality.Conclusion:Smoking cessation and better blood pressure control are associated with declining diabetes-related mortality. Longer implementation periods are needed for other lifestyle interventions.
文摘目的分析大连市2011~2015年无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布特点及变化趋势,为制订和改进无偿献血者招募策略提供参考。方法采用唐山启奥软件信息管理系统,以2011~2015年在大连市血液中心献血的无偿献血者为研究对象,对无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布及变化趋势进行分析。结果大连地区献血人数逐年增加,男性献血者始终多于女性,且男女献血比例差距进一步拉大(63.2%VS 36.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。献血者平均年龄增加2.5岁(P<0.01)。在2011~2015年,18~25岁年龄段献血者比例呈逐渐降低趋势(49.2%VS 38.7%,P<0.01);>25~35岁年龄段献血者比例变化不大,差异无统计学意义(26.1%VS25.9%,P>0.05);>35~45岁和>45岁2个年龄段献血者比例均逐渐升高(17.2%VS 21.6%,P<0.01;7.5%VS 13.8%,P<0.01)。街头献血者比例逐年下降(82.4%V S 72.8%,P<0.01),团体献血者比例逐年上升(17.6%V S 27.2%,P<0.01)。结论大连地区无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布,有其自身特点,所占比例也在不断变化。应根据无偿献血人群的特征,加强对不同群体的宣传教育,制定合理的献血者招募策略,满足临床用血需求。
