Developing new energy vehicles has been a worldwide consensus,and developing new energy vehicles characterized by pure electric drive has been China's national strategy.After more than 20 years of high-quality dev...Developing new energy vehicles has been a worldwide consensus,and developing new energy vehicles characterized by pure electric drive has been China's national strategy.After more than 20 years of high-quality development of China's electric vehicles(EVs),a technological R&D layout of“Three Verticals and Three Horizontals”has been created,and technological advantages have been accumulated.As a result,China's new energy vehicle market has ranked first in the world since 2015.To systematically solve the key problems of battery electric vehicles(BEVs)such as“driving range anxiety,long battery charging time,and driving safety hazards”,China took the lead in putting forward a“system engineering-based technology system architecture for BEVs”and clarifying its connotation.This paper analyzes the research status and progress of the three core components of this architecture,namely,“BEV platform,charging/swapping station,and real-time operation monitoring platform”,and their key technological points.The three major demonstration projects of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics,and the intelligent and connected autonomous battery electric bus project are discussed to specify the applications of BEVs in China.The key research directions for upgrading BEV technologies remain to be further improving the vehicle-level all-climate environmental adaptability and all-day safety of BEVs,systematically solving the charging problem of BEVs and improving their application convenience,and safeguarding safety with early warning and implementing active/passive safety protection for the whole life cycle of power batteries on the basis of BEVs'operation big data.BEVs have acquired new technological features such as intelligent and networked technology empowerment,extensive integration of control-by-wire systems,a platform of chassis hardware,and modularization of functional software.展开更多
电动汽车充换电站(battery charging and swapping station,BCSS)是中国电动汽车应用的重要基础设施之一,得到了广泛关注和示范推广。BCSS的成本收益模型对BCSS商业化推广是至关重要的,文中探讨了电动汽车BCSS的组成结构和运营模式,选...电动汽车充换电站(battery charging and swapping station,BCSS)是中国电动汽车应用的重要基础设施之一,得到了广泛关注和示范推广。BCSS的成本收益模型对BCSS商业化推广是至关重要的,文中探讨了电动汽车BCSS的组成结构和运营模式,选择以电池租赁运营模式的BCSS为研究对象,考虑了其投资成本、运营和维护费用、人工薪酬等成本及充换电服务等收益,建立了基于净现值动态评价指标的电动汽车BCSS成本效益模型。最后以中国某大型电动汽车充换示范电站为实例,分析了该电站在全寿命周期内的成本收益模型,并进行了敏感性分析,得出了影响BCSS收益的关键因素依次为充换电服务价格、电池租赁费用、购电价格等。该模型及分析结果为电动汽车BCSS商业化运行提供了成本收益评估和决策依据。展开更多
换电服务价格高是电动汽车换电模式普及率低的重要因素之一,为了提高换电模式使用程度,充分发挥换电模式参与系统调度时所发挥的削峰填谷作用,该文提出一种考虑用户参与度的换电服务定价策略及动态调控方法。首先,建立计及时间成本的充...换电服务价格高是电动汽车换电模式普及率低的重要因素之一,为了提高换电模式使用程度,充分发挥换电模式参与系统调度时所发挥的削峰填谷作用,该文提出一种考虑用户参与度的换电服务定价策略及动态调控方法。首先,建立计及时间成本的充电服务与换电服务总费用差价模型,并依据消费者心理学原理构建服务差价-用户参与度曲线;其次,制定换电服务定价策略,并提出相应的动态调控方法;最后,建立含充换电站(battery charging and swapping station,BCSS)的微电网联合系统双层优化模型。上层根据换电服务定价策略及动态调控方法,制定出用户参与度高的换电服务电价;下层根据用户响应换电服务电价后的负荷量,以微电网联合系统总运行成本最低为目标调度机组出力,并以用户满意度作为衡量换电服务电价的指标,合理调整下一时段换电服务电价。通过算例分析,所提方法在实现系统负荷削峰的同时,降低微电网联合系统总运行成本,体现了所提定价策略及动态调控方法的有效性。展开更多
文摘Developing new energy vehicles has been a worldwide consensus,and developing new energy vehicles characterized by pure electric drive has been China's national strategy.After more than 20 years of high-quality development of China's electric vehicles(EVs),a technological R&D layout of“Three Verticals and Three Horizontals”has been created,and technological advantages have been accumulated.As a result,China's new energy vehicle market has ranked first in the world since 2015.To systematically solve the key problems of battery electric vehicles(BEVs)such as“driving range anxiety,long battery charging time,and driving safety hazards”,China took the lead in putting forward a“system engineering-based technology system architecture for BEVs”and clarifying its connotation.This paper analyzes the research status and progress of the three core components of this architecture,namely,“BEV platform,charging/swapping station,and real-time operation monitoring platform”,and their key technological points.The three major demonstration projects of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics,and the intelligent and connected autonomous battery electric bus project are discussed to specify the applications of BEVs in China.The key research directions for upgrading BEV technologies remain to be further improving the vehicle-level all-climate environmental adaptability and all-day safety of BEVs,systematically solving the charging problem of BEVs and improving their application convenience,and safeguarding safety with early warning and implementing active/passive safety protection for the whole life cycle of power batteries on the basis of BEVs'operation big data.BEVs have acquired new technological features such as intelligent and networked technology empowerment,extensive integration of control-by-wire systems,a platform of chassis hardware,and modularization of functional software.
文摘电动汽车充换电站(battery charging and swapping station,BCSS)是中国电动汽车应用的重要基础设施之一,得到了广泛关注和示范推广。BCSS的成本收益模型对BCSS商业化推广是至关重要的,文中探讨了电动汽车BCSS的组成结构和运营模式,选择以电池租赁运营模式的BCSS为研究对象,考虑了其投资成本、运营和维护费用、人工薪酬等成本及充换电服务等收益,建立了基于净现值动态评价指标的电动汽车BCSS成本效益模型。最后以中国某大型电动汽车充换示范电站为实例,分析了该电站在全寿命周期内的成本收益模型,并进行了敏感性分析,得出了影响BCSS收益的关键因素依次为充换电服务价格、电池租赁费用、购电价格等。该模型及分析结果为电动汽车BCSS商业化运行提供了成本收益评估和决策依据。
文摘换电服务价格高是电动汽车换电模式普及率低的重要因素之一,为了提高换电模式使用程度,充分发挥换电模式参与系统调度时所发挥的削峰填谷作用,该文提出一种考虑用户参与度的换电服务定价策略及动态调控方法。首先,建立计及时间成本的充电服务与换电服务总费用差价模型,并依据消费者心理学原理构建服务差价-用户参与度曲线;其次,制定换电服务定价策略,并提出相应的动态调控方法;最后,建立含充换电站(battery charging and swapping station,BCSS)的微电网联合系统双层优化模型。上层根据换电服务定价策略及动态调控方法,制定出用户参与度高的换电服务电价;下层根据用户响应换电服务电价后的负荷量,以微电网联合系统总运行成本最低为目标调度机组出力,并以用户满意度作为衡量换电服务电价的指标,合理调整下一时段换电服务电价。通过算例分析,所提方法在实现系统负荷削峰的同时,降低微电网联合系统总运行成本,体现了所提定价策略及动态调控方法的有效性。
