We investigate the Floquet spectrum and excitation properties of a two-ultracold-atom system with periodically driven interaction in a three-dimensional harmonic trap.The interaction between the atoms is changed by va...We investigate the Floquet spectrum and excitation properties of a two-ultracold-atom system with periodically driven interaction in a three-dimensional harmonic trap.The interaction between the atoms is changed by varying the s-wave scattering length in two ways,the cosine and the square-wave modulations.It is found that as the driving frequency increases,the Floquet spectrum exhibits two main features for both modulations,the accumulating and the spreading of the quasienergy levels,which further lead to different dynamical behaviors.The accumulation is associated with collective excitations and the persistent growth of the energy,while the spread indicates that the energy is bounded at all times.The initial scattering length,the driving frequency and amplitude can all significantly change the Floquet spectrum as well as the dynamics.However,the corresponding relation between them is valid universally.Finally,we propose a mechanism for selectively exciting the system to one specific state by using the avoided crossing of two quasienergy levels,which could guide preparation of a desired state in experiments.展开更多
Chemical doping is a normal strategy to tune thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)of ceramics in engineering applications,but the resultant TEC values usually follow Vegard’s law,as doping does not modify the nature of ...Chemical doping is a normal strategy to tune thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)of ceramics in engineering applications,but the resultant TEC values usually follow Vegard’s law,as doping does not modify the nature of chemical bonding in ceramics and its anharmonicity.In this paper,we report abnormal TEC behavior in(Nd_(1−x)Dy_(x))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) ceramics,where the TEC values remarkably exceed the values predicted by Vegard’s law and even exceed the values obtained for two constituents Nd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) and Dy_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7).In addition to a reduction in lattice energy with an increasing molar fraction of Dy(x)value,we attribute the additional increase in the TEC to the high concentration of Dy dopants in a pyrochlore(P)region,which can soften low-lying optical phonon modes and induce strongly avoided crossing with acoustic phonon branches and enhanced anharmonicity.We believe that this finding can provide a new route to break through the restriction imposed by the conventional Vegard’s law on the TEC values and bring new opportunities for thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)or ceramic/metal composites towards realizing minimized thermal mismatch and prolonged service life during thermal cycling.展开更多
Geothermal power plants(GPP)with high non condensable gases(NCG)content geothermal fluid have shown to be environmental impacting relating to their energy production,which could be critical if no corrective actions ar...Geothermal power plants(GPP)with high non condensable gases(NCG)content geothermal fluid have shown to be environmental impacting relating to their energy production,which could be critical if no corrective actions are achieved.The GPP of Kizildere 3 U1,located in Türkiye(Denizli),in where the geothermal fluid contains high percentage of CO_(2),99%of the NCG fraction,which represents the 3%of the geothermal fluid mass,is taken as a relevant case study to implement a new innovation consisting of NCG reinjection to reduce the amount of NCGs released to the atmosphere.In order to calculate the present environmental impacts which the plant is causing(baseline);and the potential reduction of environmental impacts which can be achieved with the innovation(reinjection),a life cycle assessment(LCA)calculation were developed.Primary data were collected for all the relevant stages of the energy conversion cycle and complemented where necessary with secondary data from other geothermal power plants studies.The main results of the baseline environmental assessment show that the construction phase is the most impacting phase due to the materials used in the power plant building construction,electrical generation equipment and distributed machinery and infrastructures;the effects in the operation phase are dominated by the geothermal fluid composition.In this sense,the application of CO_(2) reinjection at the Turkish site into the reservoir will prevent the emission of 1,700 tons⋅year1 in the pilot site and 10%of the total emissions released along the life span of the GPP.展开更多
High concentrated PV multi-junction solar cells (HCPV) likely present a favorable alternative to achieve low cost of energy. However, multi-junction solar cell has different characteristics which should be settled bef...High concentrated PV multi-junction solar cells (HCPV) likely present a favorable alternative to achieve low cost of energy. However, multi-junction solar cell has different characteristics which should be settled before they can be adapted for large scale energy generation. Peak energy consumption in Kuwait usually occurs in periods of utilizing air conditioning systems which are essentially used in almost all year around in harsh climate like Kuwait. Power consumed at peak times is more costly than power needed to satisfy loads at regular consumption times. The main goal of the present research is to increase HCPV solar cells’ efficiency, to decrease maximum power cost in Kuwait. Multi-junction solar cells performance in weather conditions of Kuwait is investigated employing a single diode equivalent circuit model. The model developed considers the impacts of concentration ratio as well as temperature. Most research in literature review usually neglects shunt resistance of the diode, however this resistance is taken into consideration in current developed theoretical model. To calibrate the present model, current predictions are compared with corresponding measured data provided by multi-junction solar cell manufacturer. The total root mean square errors in the present model predictions are about 1.8%. This means that current developed model of single diode model which takes into account shunt resistance impacts gives precise and reliable data. HCP electrical efficiency is noticed to rise as concentration increases but to a certain concentration value, then it begins to decrease. In addition, utilizing HCPV linked to grid satisfies great decrease in maximum load. Power produced from HCPV modules is utilized to provide energy needs to a family in normal Kuwaiti family home to evaluate HCPV environmental effects. HCPV modules slopes and areas are changed to accomplish peak energy production all over the year. Present results reveal that optimum power production corresponds to HCPV modules directed to south and 展开更多
mong the many forms of renewable energy generation, wind power is the most mature. However, the method used to assess the economic value of large grid connected wind farms still needs further study. At present the tra...mong the many forms of renewable energy generation, wind power is the most mature. However, the method used to assess the economic value of large grid connected wind farms still needs further study. At present the traditional method of project economic assessment as widely used in China isolates the wind farm from the whole power system and ignores the influence of reliability on the cost of wind generation; therefore, the evaluation results can not reflect the true economic value of wind power generation. After reviewing the many assessment methods used at home and abroad, this paper uses the Avoided Cost Method as theoretical basis to establish an economic evaluation model for large wind farms including the characteristics of other conventional forms of power generation like thermal power as well as the system load. The generating reliability is also combined into the economic evaluation. The model is used to evaluate China's largest wind farm, Dabancheng Wind Farm in Xinjiang. 展开更多
Energy consumption in buildings is considered a significant portion of gross power dissipation, so a great effort is required to design efficient construction. In severe hot weather conditions as Kuwait, energy requir...Energy consumption in buildings is considered a significant portion of gross power dissipation, so a great effort is required to design efficient construction. In severe hot weather conditions as Kuwait, energy required for building cooling and heating results in a huge energy loads and consumption and accordingly high emission rates of carbon dioxide. So, the main purpose of the current work is to convert the existing institutional building to near net-zero energy building (nNZEB) or into a net-zero energy building (NZEB). A combination of integrated high concentrated photovoltaic (HCPV) solar modules and evacuated tube collectors (ETC) are proposed to provide domestic water heating, electricity load as well as cooling consumption of an institutional facility. An equivalent circuit model for single diode is implemented to evaluate triple junction HCPV modules efficiency considering concentration level and temperature effects. A code compatible with TRNSYS subroutines is introduced to optimize evacuated tube collector efficiency. The developed models are validated through comparison with experimental data available from literature. The efficiency of integrated HCPV-ETC unit is optimized by varying the different system parameters. Transient simulation program (TRNSYS) is adapted to determine the performance of various parts of HCPV-ETC system. Furthermore, a theoretical code is introduced to evaluate the environmental effects of the proposed building when integrated with renewable energy systems. The integrated HCPV-ETC fully satisfies the energy required for building lighting and equipment. Utilizing HCPV modules of orientation 25? accomplishes a minimum energy payback time of about 8 years. Integrated solar absorption chiller provides about 64% of the annual air conditioning consumption needed for the studied building. The energy payback period (EPT) or solar cooling system is about 18 years which is significantly larger than that corresponding to HCPV due to the extra expenses of solar absorption system. The li展开更多
The European Union, in an effort to boost the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in power generation, applies supportive tools consisting in financial motivation either as grants or as subsidies. According to welfa...The European Union, in an effort to boost the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in power generation, applies supportive tools consisting in financial motivation either as grants or as subsidies. According to welfare economics, a subsidy should reflect the external benefits;otherwise a distortion of competition takes place. The most widespread method to calculate externalities is the avoided cost approach, despite the fact that it encounters equally all the RES units leading to technological neutrality. In the present article, the avoided cost approach with the objective social justification of RES subsidies/feed in tariffs (FITs) in the case of Greece, for the year 2014, is applied. The results show a high gap between the current FITs and the suggested ones amounting to approximately 40%. This uncomfortable outcome indicates that, at least in the case of Greece, either the level of the current guaranteed tariffs is not socially justified, or the CO2 value derived from the European carbon market does not reflect the real social cost, or that the avoided cost method, alone, is not adequate to explain the level of subsidies. In light of the foregoing, the need for the development of a concrete and integrated methodology for calculating all RES externalities emerges.展开更多
Chirality is one of the important phenomena at the vicinity of exceptional point(EP). The conventional understanding is that the chirality is determined by asymmetrical scattering efficiency(?), which reaches to zero ...Chirality is one of the important phenomena at the vicinity of exceptional point(EP). The conventional understanding is that the chirality is determined by asymmetrical scattering efficiency(?), which reaches to zero only when the resonance approaches EP. Here we study the possibility to enhance the chirality in open systems with a more robust mechanism. By combining chirality with avoided resonance crossing, we show that the chirality and ? can be dramatically modified. Taking a spiral shaped annular cavity as an example, we show that the chirality of optical resonances can be significantly improved when two sets of chiral states approach each other. The imbalance between counterclockwise(CCW) components and clockwise(CW) components has been enhanced by more than an order of magnitude. Our research provides a new route to tailor and control the chirality in open systems.展开更多
The evolution of polarization singularities supported in a one-dimensional periodic plasmonic system is studied.The lateral inversion symmetry of the system,which breaks the in-plane inversion symmetry and up-down mir...The evolution of polarization singularities supported in a one-dimensional periodic plasmonic system is studied.The lateral inversion symmetry of the system,which breaks the in-plane inversion symmetry and up-down mirror symmetry simultaneously,yields abundant polarization states.A complete evolution process with geometry for the polarization states is traced.In the evolution,circularly polarized points(C points)can stem from 3 different processes.In addition to the previously reported processes occurring in an isolated band,a new type of C point appearing in two bands simultaneously due to the avoided band crossing,is observed.Unlike the dielectric system with a similar structure which only supports at-Γbound states in the continuum(BICs),accidental BICs off theΓpoint are realized in this plasmonic system.This work provides a new scheme of polarization manipulation for the plasmonic systems.展开更多
在“双碳”目标提出的背景下,为解决火电机组碳排放量高的问题,对其进行CCUS改造(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,碳的捕集、利用与封存)。为了给企业投资CCUS项目提供更多可行性参考,综合当前电-碳双市场发展趋势总结并分析...在“双碳”目标提出的背景下,为解决火电机组碳排放量高的问题,对其进行CCUS改造(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,碳的捕集、利用与封存)。为了给企业投资CCUS项目提供更多可行性参考,综合当前电-碳双市场发展趋势总结并分析了火电机组进行碳捕集、压缩与运输的成本、收益情况及其影响因素,同时对2025-2060年碳捕集和运输成本的变化趋势进行合理预测。将某省火电机组作为典型案例,假设该省火电机组于2022年进行CCUS改造,对其2022-2070年的项目运行及收益情况进行计算与分析,收益中涵盖二氧化碳的地质利用与封存及碳交易。最终得出若2022年进行CCUS项目改造,则预计于2039-2040年间实现收益覆盖成本的目标,且项目周期中碳捕集费用在支出费用中占比最高,此外在整个项目周期中成本占比最高的环节为碳捕集环节等结论。展开更多
The building sector has a significant weight in the global energy consumption in almost of the countries. So, there is a high potential for increasing its energy efficiency. With the enforcement of the energetic certi...The building sector has a significant weight in the global energy consumption in almost of the countries. So, there is a high potential for increasing its energy efficiency. With the enforcement of the energetic certification, it was tried to select different solutions that presents less energy consumption and waste, as well as an effective reduction of CO2 emissions. This work fits in this perspective, since the main goal is to evaluate the contribution of passive and active solutions that can be used in buildings for the improvement of its energetic efficiency, as well as to evaluate the contribution of renewable energy sources. Contribution of solar systems for hot water heating and electric energy production has been studied, as well as cogeneration, Combined Heat and Power （CHP）. The case studied is a hotel. To improve the building performance, there were proposed several changes, with the goal of evaluating the contribution of the different solutions proposed. It was concluded that they contribute to a reduction of thermal needs of 25.2% and avoided emissions of CO2 is 30.4%. The analysis of the implementation of trigeneration, Combined Heat, Cooling and Power （CHCP） turns it executable. The payback period is less than 8 years.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12004049)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of IPOC(BUPT)(Grant Nos.600119525 and 505019124).
文摘We investigate the Floquet spectrum and excitation properties of a two-ultracold-atom system with periodically driven interaction in a three-dimensional harmonic trap.The interaction between the atoms is changed by varying the s-wave scattering length in two ways,the cosine and the square-wave modulations.It is found that as the driving frequency increases,the Floquet spectrum exhibits two main features for both modulations,the accumulating and the spreading of the quasienergy levels,which further lead to different dynamical behaviors.The accumulation is associated with collective excitations and the persistent growth of the energy,while the spread indicates that the energy is bounded at all times.The initial scattering length,the driving frequency and amplitude can all significantly change the Floquet spectrum as well as the dynamics.However,the corresponding relation between them is valid universally.Finally,we propose a mechanism for selectively exciting the system to one specific state by using the avoided crossing of two quasienergy levels,which could guide preparation of a desired state in experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52022042)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3702300)National Science and Technology Major Project(No.J2019-VII-0008-0148).
文摘Chemical doping is a normal strategy to tune thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)of ceramics in engineering applications,but the resultant TEC values usually follow Vegard’s law,as doping does not modify the nature of chemical bonding in ceramics and its anharmonicity.In this paper,we report abnormal TEC behavior in(Nd_(1−x)Dy_(x))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) ceramics,where the TEC values remarkably exceed the values predicted by Vegard’s law and even exceed the values obtained for two constituents Nd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) and Dy_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7).In addition to a reduction in lattice energy with an increasing molar fraction of Dy(x)value,we attribute the additional increase in the TEC to the high concentration of Dy dopants in a pyrochlore(P)region,which can soften low-lying optical phonon modes and induce strongly avoided crossing with acoustic phonon branches and enhanced anharmonicity.We believe that this finding can provide a new route to break through the restriction imposed by the conventional Vegard’s law on the TEC values and bring new opportunities for thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)or ceramic/metal composites towards realizing minimized thermal mismatch and prolonged service life during thermal cycling.
文摘Geothermal power plants(GPP)with high non condensable gases(NCG)content geothermal fluid have shown to be environmental impacting relating to their energy production,which could be critical if no corrective actions are achieved.The GPP of Kizildere 3 U1,located in Türkiye(Denizli),in where the geothermal fluid contains high percentage of CO_(2),99%of the NCG fraction,which represents the 3%of the geothermal fluid mass,is taken as a relevant case study to implement a new innovation consisting of NCG reinjection to reduce the amount of NCGs released to the atmosphere.In order to calculate the present environmental impacts which the plant is causing(baseline);and the potential reduction of environmental impacts which can be achieved with the innovation(reinjection),a life cycle assessment(LCA)calculation were developed.Primary data were collected for all the relevant stages of the energy conversion cycle and complemented where necessary with secondary data from other geothermal power plants studies.The main results of the baseline environmental assessment show that the construction phase is the most impacting phase due to the materials used in the power plant building construction,electrical generation equipment and distributed machinery and infrastructures;the effects in the operation phase are dominated by the geothermal fluid composition.In this sense,the application of CO_(2) reinjection at the Turkish site into the reservoir will prevent the emission of 1,700 tons⋅year1 in the pilot site and 10%of the total emissions released along the life span of the GPP.
文摘High concentrated PV multi-junction solar cells (HCPV) likely present a favorable alternative to achieve low cost of energy. However, multi-junction solar cell has different characteristics which should be settled before they can be adapted for large scale energy generation. Peak energy consumption in Kuwait usually occurs in periods of utilizing air conditioning systems which are essentially used in almost all year around in harsh climate like Kuwait. Power consumed at peak times is more costly than power needed to satisfy loads at regular consumption times. The main goal of the present research is to increase HCPV solar cells’ efficiency, to decrease maximum power cost in Kuwait. Multi-junction solar cells performance in weather conditions of Kuwait is investigated employing a single diode equivalent circuit model. The model developed considers the impacts of concentration ratio as well as temperature. Most research in literature review usually neglects shunt resistance of the diode, however this resistance is taken into consideration in current developed theoretical model. To calibrate the present model, current predictions are compared with corresponding measured data provided by multi-junction solar cell manufacturer. The total root mean square errors in the present model predictions are about 1.8%. This means that current developed model of single diode model which takes into account shunt resistance impacts gives precise and reliable data. HCP electrical efficiency is noticed to rise as concentration increases but to a certain concentration value, then it begins to decrease. In addition, utilizing HCPV linked to grid satisfies great decrease in maximum load. Power produced from HCPV modules is utilized to provide energy needs to a family in normal Kuwaiti family home to evaluate HCPV environmental effects. HCPV modules slopes and areas are changed to accomplish peak energy production all over the year. Present results reveal that optimum power production corresponds to HCPV modules directed to south and
文摘mong the many forms of renewable energy generation, wind power is the most mature. However, the method used to assess the economic value of large grid connected wind farms still needs further study. At present the traditional method of project economic assessment as widely used in China isolates the wind farm from the whole power system and ignores the influence of reliability on the cost of wind generation; therefore, the evaluation results can not reflect the true economic value of wind power generation. After reviewing the many assessment methods used at home and abroad, this paper uses the Avoided Cost Method as theoretical basis to establish an economic evaluation model for large wind farms including the characteristics of other conventional forms of power generation like thermal power as well as the system load. The generating reliability is also combined into the economic evaluation. The model is used to evaluate China's largest wind farm, Dabancheng Wind Farm in Xinjiang.
文摘Energy consumption in buildings is considered a significant portion of gross power dissipation, so a great effort is required to design efficient construction. In severe hot weather conditions as Kuwait, energy required for building cooling and heating results in a huge energy loads and consumption and accordingly high emission rates of carbon dioxide. So, the main purpose of the current work is to convert the existing institutional building to near net-zero energy building (nNZEB) or into a net-zero energy building (NZEB). A combination of integrated high concentrated photovoltaic (HCPV) solar modules and evacuated tube collectors (ETC) are proposed to provide domestic water heating, electricity load as well as cooling consumption of an institutional facility. An equivalent circuit model for single diode is implemented to evaluate triple junction HCPV modules efficiency considering concentration level and temperature effects. A code compatible with TRNSYS subroutines is introduced to optimize evacuated tube collector efficiency. The developed models are validated through comparison with experimental data available from literature. The efficiency of integrated HCPV-ETC unit is optimized by varying the different system parameters. Transient simulation program (TRNSYS) is adapted to determine the performance of various parts of HCPV-ETC system. Furthermore, a theoretical code is introduced to evaluate the environmental effects of the proposed building when integrated with renewable energy systems. The integrated HCPV-ETC fully satisfies the energy required for building lighting and equipment. Utilizing HCPV modules of orientation 25? accomplishes a minimum energy payback time of about 8 years. Integrated solar absorption chiller provides about 64% of the annual air conditioning consumption needed for the studied building. The energy payback period (EPT) or solar cooling system is about 18 years which is significantly larger than that corresponding to HCPV due to the extra expenses of solar absorption system. The li
文摘The European Union, in an effort to boost the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in power generation, applies supportive tools consisting in financial motivation either as grants or as subsidies. According to welfare economics, a subsidy should reflect the external benefits;otherwise a distortion of competition takes place. The most widespread method to calculate externalities is the avoided cost approach, despite the fact that it encounters equally all the RES units leading to technological neutrality. In the present article, the avoided cost approach with the objective social justification of RES subsidies/feed in tariffs (FITs) in the case of Greece, for the year 2014, is applied. The results show a high gap between the current FITs and the suggested ones amounting to approximately 40%. This uncomfortable outcome indicates that, at least in the case of Greece, either the level of the current guaranteed tariffs is not socially justified, or the CO2 value derived from the European carbon market does not reflect the real social cost, or that the avoided cost method, alone, is not adequate to explain the level of subsidies. In light of the foregoing, the need for the development of a concrete and integrated methodology for calculating all RES externalities emerges.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11204055,61222507 and 11374078)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-11-0809)+1 种基金the Shenzhen Peacock Plan(Grant No.KQCX2012080709143322 and KQCX20130627094615410)Shenzhen Fundamental Researches(Grant Nos.JCYJ20130329155148184,JCYJ20140417172417110 and JCYJ20140417172417096)
文摘Chirality is one of the important phenomena at the vicinity of exceptional point(EP). The conventional understanding is that the chirality is determined by asymmetrical scattering efficiency(?), which reaches to zero only when the resonance approaches EP. Here we study the possibility to enhance the chirality in open systems with a more robust mechanism. By combining chirality with avoided resonance crossing, we show that the chirality and ? can be dramatically modified. Taking a spiral shaped annular cavity as an example, we show that the chirality of optical resonances can be significantly improved when two sets of chiral states approach each other. The imbalance between counterclockwise(CCW) components and clockwise(CW) components has been enhanced by more than an order of magnitude. Our research provides a new route to tailor and control the chirality in open systems.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12074049 and 12047564)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (Grant Nos.2020CDJQY-Z006 and 2020CDJQYZ003)the Research Foundation of SWUST (Grant No.21zx7141)。
文摘The evolution of polarization singularities supported in a one-dimensional periodic plasmonic system is studied.The lateral inversion symmetry of the system,which breaks the in-plane inversion symmetry and up-down mirror symmetry simultaneously,yields abundant polarization states.A complete evolution process with geometry for the polarization states is traced.In the evolution,circularly polarized points(C points)can stem from 3 different processes.In addition to the previously reported processes occurring in an isolated band,a new type of C point appearing in two bands simultaneously due to the avoided band crossing,is observed.Unlike the dielectric system with a similar structure which only supports at-Γbound states in the continuum(BICs),accidental BICs off theΓpoint are realized in this plasmonic system.This work provides a new scheme of polarization manipulation for the plasmonic systems.
文摘在“双碳”目标提出的背景下,为解决火电机组碳排放量高的问题,对其进行CCUS改造(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,碳的捕集、利用与封存)。为了给企业投资CCUS项目提供更多可行性参考,综合当前电-碳双市场发展趋势总结并分析了火电机组进行碳捕集、压缩与运输的成本、收益情况及其影响因素,同时对2025-2060年碳捕集和运输成本的变化趋势进行合理预测。将某省火电机组作为典型案例,假设该省火电机组于2022年进行CCUS改造,对其2022-2070年的项目运行及收益情况进行计算与分析,收益中涵盖二氧化碳的地质利用与封存及碳交易。最终得出若2022年进行CCUS项目改造,则预计于2039-2040年间实现收益覆盖成本的目标,且项目周期中碳捕集费用在支出费用中占比最高,此外在整个项目周期中成本占比最高的环节为碳捕集环节等结论。
文摘The building sector has a significant weight in the global energy consumption in almost of the countries. So, there is a high potential for increasing its energy efficiency. With the enforcement of the energetic certification, it was tried to select different solutions that presents less energy consumption and waste, as well as an effective reduction of CO2 emissions. This work fits in this perspective, since the main goal is to evaluate the contribution of passive and active solutions that can be used in buildings for the improvement of its energetic efficiency, as well as to evaluate the contribution of renewable energy sources. Contribution of solar systems for hot water heating and electric energy production has been studied, as well as cogeneration, Combined Heat and Power （CHP）. The case studied is a hotel. To improve the building performance, there were proposed several changes, with the goal of evaluating the contribution of the different solutions proposed. It was concluded that they contribute to a reduction of thermal needs of 25.2% and avoided emissions of CO2 is 30.4%. The analysis of the implementation of trigeneration, Combined Heat, Cooling and Power （CHCP） turns it executable. The payback period is less than 8 years.
