Using the three-dimensional reticular nickel foam as experimental material, the sound absorption performance was investigated for several various multilayer structures in the frequency range of 2000-4000 Hz, which is ...Using the three-dimensional reticular nickel foam as experimental material, the sound absorption performance was investigated for several various multilayer structures in the frequency range of 2000-4000 Hz, which is aurally sensitive for human ears. The results showed that the 7.5 mm-thick foam sample, which was formed by piling of 5-layer foam plate（thickness： 1.5 mm; porosity： 96%; average pore-diameter： 0.65 mm） could exhibit an excellent sound absorption effect at 4000 Hz, with the absorption coefficient about 0.8. Constituting alternate air gap with the total thickness of about 18.5 mm can greatly improve the absorption performance at relatively low frequencies of 2000-3150 Hz, with the absorption coefficient up to about 0.5 or more. In addition, the research showed that alternate piling up the perforated plate inside the foam plates can also achieve a quite good effect of sound absorption at relatively low frequencies.展开更多
Objective:To assess the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)and tricyclic antidepressants(TCAs)in reducing vertigo,tinnitus,and hearing loss among patients with Meniere's disease(MD).Data Sourc...Objective:To assess the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)and tricyclic antidepressants(TCAs)in reducing vertigo,tinnitus,and hearing loss among patients with Meniere's disease(MD).Data Sources:The following databases were utilized in this scoping review:Ovid Medline,PubMed-NCBI,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and Clinicaltrials.gov.Method:Studies were identified through the following search phrases:"serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors"OR"tricyclic antidepressants"AND"Meniere's disease."References from included manuscripts were examined for possible inclusion of additional studies.Results:The literature search yielded 23 results,which were screened by three independent reviewers.Seventeen studies and three duplicates were excluded.An examination of references from the included studies yielded two additional publications.A total of four published studies assessing SSRIs and TCAs among 147 patients with MD were ultimately included.Four studies described significant reductions in vertigo attack frequency among patients treated with either SSRIs or TCAs compared to their pretreatment baseline.Three studies assessed the drugs'effects on hearing,of which none found a significant difference among patients treated with SSRIs or TCAs.One study found a significant decrease in patient-reported tinnitus following treatment with TCAs or SSRIs compared to their pretreatment baseline.Conclusions:Data exploring SSRIs and TCAs among patients with MD suggests that these medications may reduce the frequency of tinnitus and vertigo,although there was significant heterogeneity in outcome reporting.There remains a need for larger-scale prospective studies that emphasize objective data to evaluate their effective-ness in reducing common MD symptoms.展开更多
Congenital aural atresia is usually associated with facial nerve （the seventh cranial nerve,CN7） anomalies with an incidence rate of 60%-75%.These anomalies include facial nerve displacement,facial nerve component o...Congenital aural atresia is usually associated with facial nerve （the seventh cranial nerve,CN7） anomalies with an incidence rate of 60%-75%.These anomalies include facial nerve displacement,facial nerve component overlying the oval window,bony canal dehiscence,and bifurcation,which increase the risk of surgical facial nerve injuries.Among all these anomalies,congenital bifurcation of the tympanic segment of facial nerve is the most confusing situation that significantly increases the surgical risk during hearing reconstruction.展开更多
The current review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent development in Chinese medicine(CM)for treating several kinds of acquired nerve deafness and tinnitus,as well as links the traditional principle to well-...The current review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent development in Chinese medicine(CM)for treating several kinds of acquired nerve deafness and tinnitus,as well as links the traditional principle to well-established pharmacological mechanisms for future research.To date,about 24 herbal species and 40 related ingredients used in CM to treat hearing loss and tinnitus are reported for the treatment of endocochlear potential,endolymph growth,lowering toxic and provocative substance aggregation,inhibiting sensory cell death,and retaining sensory transfer.However,there are a few herbal species that can be used for medicinal purposes.Nevertheless,clinical studies have been hampered by a limited population sample,a deficiency of a suitable control research group,or contradictory results.Enhanced cochlear blood flow,antiinflammatory antioxidant,neuroprotective effects,and anti-apoptotic,as well as multi-target approach on different auditory sections of the inner ear,are all possible benefits of CM medications.There are numerous unknown natural products for aural ailment and tinnitus identified in CM that are expected to be examined in the future utilizing various aural ailment models and processes.展开更多
When the subway train operates at a speed higher than 100 km/h,the corresponding aerodynamic issue becomes severe.To meet the future requirement for the speedup of subway trains,a research on the critical diameters of...When the subway train operates at a speed higher than 100 km/h,the corresponding aerodynamic issue becomes severe.To meet the future requirement for the speedup of subway trains,a research on the critical diameters of the subway tunnel for trains operating at 120 and 140 km/h has been performed based on passengers’aural discomfort caused by rail tunnel pressure variation.A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic approach has been adopted for analysis.Meanwhile,trains with different airtight indices are considered and the pressure variations inside and outside the trains are both under investigation.Based on the corresponding criteria for different airtight indices,critical tunnel diameters for trains running at different speeds have been determined.This study would aid in the tunnel section design for future high-speed subway trains.展开更多
Aural polyps are a common clinical entity encountered by otorhinolaryngologist in daily practice. Polyps are frequently seen in paediatric patients, usually inflammatory in nature. In children rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) ...Aural polyps are a common clinical entity encountered by otorhinolaryngologist in daily practice. Polyps are frequently seen in paediatric patients, usually inflammatory in nature. In children rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) can mimic all the cinical features of chronic suppurative otitis media which usually present as external auditory canal mass or polyp. Here we present a case where a male child presented with recurrence of polyp in left ear which was finally diagnosed as embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma which is a rare and invariably fatal disease in children. Through this article we intend to highlight the failures and delay committed in attaining diagnosis in this patient in spite of multispecialty evaluation involving repeated imaging and histopathological correlation. Our experience with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma throws light on the high vigilance required in handling the aural polyps in pediatric population as early diagnosis and treatment are the key elements for successful outcomes.展开更多
A hemispherical array of 196 independent loudspeakers has been constructed for laboratory research on spatial hearing, auralization, sound-field quality and spatial audio signal processing. The array of small loudspea...A hemispherical array of 196 independent loudspeakers has been constructed for laboratory research on spatial hearing, auralization, sound-field quality and spatial audio signal processing. The array of small loudspeakers is supported by a geodesic frame with a radius is 2.4 m. With this relatively high spatial density of sound sources, spatially quantized rendering of sound fields should be viable for a variety of applications, and this paper considers the potential and limits of this approach in relation to human spatial hearing capacities. The paper also considers the combined use of multiple loudspeakers for the rendering low-frequency components of sound sources in order to extend the low-frequency response of the system.展开更多
This article utilizes the trope of domesticity/domestication in order to explore notions of gendered temporality in Hou Hsiao-hsien＇s Cafe Lumiere （2003）. In dialogue with the Chinese writer Eileen Chang and Wester...This article utilizes the trope of domesticity/domestication in order to explore notions of gendered temporality in Hou Hsiao-hsien＇s Cafe Lumiere （2003）. In dialogue with the Chinese writer Eileen Chang and Western theories about women＇s time and domestic temporality, the article proposes that the works of both Hou and Chang can be described as instances of ecriture feminine that interrogate an ambivalence toward domesticity. Drawing on Chantal Akerman＇s film in contrast to that of Hou, the article further demonstrates how the use of the cinematographic long take domesticates time and space, as well as the ways in which the horror of everyday domesticity have been captured through what Rey Chow calls ＂feminine details.＂ Finally, the present article argues that Cafe Lumiere domesticates a fear of domesticity and pregnancy through a reconfiguration of linear and cyclical time, a reversal of gender roles in its protagonists, and a privileging of aurality over visuality in its cinematic style, such that it presents the potential for a new kind of union and a new kind of futurity premised upon reordered gendered forms of temporality.展开更多
基金Project(C16) supported by the Testing Foundation of Beijing Normal University,China
文摘Using the three-dimensional reticular nickel foam as experimental material, the sound absorption performance was investigated for several various multilayer structures in the frequency range of 2000-4000 Hz, which is aurally sensitive for human ears. The results showed that the 7.5 mm-thick foam sample, which was formed by piling of 5-layer foam plate（thickness： 1.5 mm; porosity： 96%; average pore-diameter： 0.65 mm） could exhibit an excellent sound absorption effect at 4000 Hz, with the absorption coefficient about 0.8. Constituting alternate air gap with the total thickness of about 18.5 mm can greatly improve the absorption performance at relatively low frequencies of 2000-3150 Hz, with the absorption coefficient up to about 0.5 or more. In addition, the research showed that alternate piling up the perforated plate inside the foam plates can also achieve a quite good effect of sound absorption at relatively low frequencies.
文摘Objective:To assess the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)and tricyclic antidepressants(TCAs)in reducing vertigo,tinnitus,and hearing loss among patients with Meniere's disease(MD).Data Sources:The following databases were utilized in this scoping review:Ovid Medline,PubMed-NCBI,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and Clinicaltrials.gov.Method:Studies were identified through the following search phrases:"serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors"OR"tricyclic antidepressants"AND"Meniere's disease."References from included manuscripts were examined for possible inclusion of additional studies.Results:The literature search yielded 23 results,which were screened by three independent reviewers.Seventeen studies and three duplicates were excluded.An examination of references from the included studies yielded two additional publications.A total of four published studies assessing SSRIs and TCAs among 147 patients with MD were ultimately included.Four studies described significant reductions in vertigo attack frequency among patients treated with either SSRIs or TCAs compared to their pretreatment baseline.Three studies assessed the drugs'effects on hearing,of which none found a significant difference among patients treated with SSRIs or TCAs.One study found a significant decrease in patient-reported tinnitus following treatment with TCAs or SSRIs compared to their pretreatment baseline.Conclusions:Data exploring SSRIs and TCAs among patients with MD suggests that these medications may reduce the frequency of tinnitus and vertigo,although there was significant heterogeneity in outcome reporting.There remains a need for larger-scale prospective studies that emphasize objective data to evaluate their effective-ness in reducing common MD symptoms.
文摘Congenital aural atresia is usually associated with facial nerve （the seventh cranial nerve,CN7） anomalies with an incidence rate of 60%-75%.These anomalies include facial nerve displacement,facial nerve component overlying the oval window,bony canal dehiscence,and bifurcation,which increase the risk of surgical facial nerve injuries.Among all these anomalies,congenital bifurcation of the tympanic segment of facial nerve is the most confusing situation that significantly increases the surgical risk during hearing reconstruction.
文摘The current review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent development in Chinese medicine(CM)for treating several kinds of acquired nerve deafness and tinnitus,as well as links the traditional principle to well-established pharmacological mechanisms for future research.To date,about 24 herbal species and 40 related ingredients used in CM to treat hearing loss and tinnitus are reported for the treatment of endocochlear potential,endolymph growth,lowering toxic and provocative substance aggregation,inhibiting sensory cell death,and retaining sensory transfer.However,there are a few herbal species that can be used for medicinal purposes.Nevertheless,clinical studies have been hampered by a limited population sample,a deficiency of a suitable control research group,or contradictory results.Enhanced cochlear blood flow,antiinflammatory antioxidant,neuroprotective effects,and anti-apoptotic,as well as multi-target approach on different auditory sections of the inner ear,are all possible benefits of CM medications.There are numerous unknown natural products for aural ailment and tinnitus identified in CM that are expected to be examined in the future utilizing various aural ailment models and processes.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Project)(Grant No.2011CB711100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11302233)
文摘When the subway train operates at a speed higher than 100 km/h,the corresponding aerodynamic issue becomes severe.To meet the future requirement for the speedup of subway trains,a research on the critical diameters of the subway tunnel for trains operating at 120 and 140 km/h has been performed based on passengers’aural discomfort caused by rail tunnel pressure variation.A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic approach has been adopted for analysis.Meanwhile,trains with different airtight indices are considered and the pressure variations inside and outside the trains are both under investigation.Based on the corresponding criteria for different airtight indices,critical tunnel diameters for trains running at different speeds have been determined.This study would aid in the tunnel section design for future high-speed subway trains.
文摘Aural polyps are a common clinical entity encountered by otorhinolaryngologist in daily practice. Polyps are frequently seen in paediatric patients, usually inflammatory in nature. In children rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) can mimic all the cinical features of chronic suppurative otitis media which usually present as external auditory canal mass or polyp. Here we present a case where a male child presented with recurrence of polyp in left ear which was finally diagnosed as embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma which is a rare and invariably fatal disease in children. Through this article we intend to highlight the failures and delay committed in attaining diagnosis in this patient in spite of multispecialty evaluation involving repeated imaging and histopathological correlation. Our experience with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma throws light on the high vigilance required in handling the aural polyps in pediatric population as early diagnosis and treatment are the key elements for successful outcomes.
文摘A hemispherical array of 196 independent loudspeakers has been constructed for laboratory research on spatial hearing, auralization, sound-field quality and spatial audio signal processing. The array of small loudspeakers is supported by a geodesic frame with a radius is 2.4 m. With this relatively high spatial density of sound sources, spatially quantized rendering of sound fields should be viable for a variety of applications, and this paper considers the potential and limits of this approach in relation to human spatial hearing capacities. The paper also considers the combined use of multiple loudspeakers for the rendering low-frequency components of sound sources in order to extend the low-frequency response of the system.
文摘This article utilizes the trope of domesticity/domestication in order to explore notions of gendered temporality in Hou Hsiao-hsien＇s Cafe Lumiere （2003）. In dialogue with the Chinese writer Eileen Chang and Western theories about women＇s time and domestic temporality, the article proposes that the works of both Hou and Chang can be described as instances of ecriture feminine that interrogate an ambivalence toward domesticity. Drawing on Chantal Akerman＇s film in contrast to that of Hou, the article further demonstrates how the use of the cinematographic long take domesticates time and space, as well as the ways in which the horror of everyday domesticity have been captured through what Rey Chow calls ＂feminine details.＂ Finally, the present article argues that Cafe Lumiere domesticates a fear of domesticity and pregnancy through a reconfiguration of linear and cyclical time, a reversal of gender roles in its protagonists, and a privileging of aurality over visuality in its cinematic style, such that it presents the potential for a new kind of union and a new kind of futurity premised upon reordered gendered forms of temporality.
