Accelerating the development of renewable energy and reducing CO_(2)emissions have become a general consensus and concerted action of all countries in the world. The electric power industry, especially thermal power i...Accelerating the development of renewable energy and reducing CO_(2)emissions have become a general consensus and concerted action of all countries in the world. The electric power industry, especially thermal power industry, is the main source for fossil energy consumption and CO_(2)emissions. Since solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture technology would bring massive extra energy consumption, the application of solar-assisted carbon capture technology has attracted extensive attention. Due to the important role of coal-fired combined heat and power plants for serving residential and industrial heating districts, in this paper, the low-carbon operation benefits of combined heat and power integrated plants based on solar-assisted carbon capture(CHPIP-SACC) are fully evaluated in heat and power integrated energy system with a high proportion of wind power. Based on the selected integration scheme, a linear operation model of CHPIP-SACC is developed considering energy flow characteristics and thermal coupling interaction of its internal modules. From the perspective of system-level operation optimization, the day-ahead economic dispatch problem based on a mix-integer linear programming model is presented to evaluate the low-carbon benefits of CHPIP-SACC during annual operation simulation. The numerical simulations on a modified IEEE 39-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of CHPIP-SACC for reducing CO_(2)emissions as well as increasing the downward flexibility. The impact of different solar field areas and unit prices of coal on the low-carbon operation benefits of CHPIP-SACC is studied in the section of sensitivity analysis.展开更多
To address the challenges of high-dimensional constrained optimization problems with expensive simulation models,a Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution using Manifold Learning-based Sampling(SADE-MLS)is proposed....To address the challenges of high-dimensional constrained optimization problems with expensive simulation models,a Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution using Manifold Learning-based Sampling(SADE-MLS)is proposed.In SADE-MLS,differential evolution operators are executed to generate numerous high-dimensional candidate points.To alleviate the curse of dimensionality,a Manifold Learning-based Sampling(MLS)mechanism is developed to explore the high-dimensional design space effectively.In MLS,the intrinsic dimensionality of the candidate points is determined by a maximum likelihood estimator.Then,the candidate points are mapped into a low-dimensional space using the dimensionality reduction technique,which can avoid significant information loss during dimensionality reduction.Thus,Kriging surrogates are constructed in the low-dimensional space to predict the responses of the mapped candidate points.The candidate points with high constrained expected improvement values are selected for global exploration.Moreover,the local search process assisted by radial basis function and differential evolution is performed to exploit the design space efficiently.Several numerical benchmarks are tested to compare SADE-MLS with other algorithms.Finally,SADE-MLS is successfully applied to a solid rocket motor multidisciplinary optimization problem and a re-entry vehicle aerodynamic optimization problem,with the total impulse and lift to drag ratio being increased by 32.7%and 35.5%,respec-tively.The optimization results demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method in real engineering practices.展开更多
Developing new catalysts to decorate photoelectrodes has been widely used to enhance the performance of photoelectrochemical(PEC)cells.However,the high cost,complex synthesis,and poor stability of catalyst decoration ...Developing new catalysts to decorate photoelectrodes has been widely used to enhance the performance of photoelectrochemical(PEC)cells.However,the high cost,complex synthesis,and poor stability of catalyst decoration strongly hinder its practical application.Here,we report a facile and low-cost decoration of Ag-Pt nanoparticles(Ag-Pt NPs)on Si photocathodes with TiO_(2)/Ti sacrificial overlayers.Such a decoration does not rely on any metallic-ion precursor solution since it is formed automatically via galvanic replacement reactions during PEC measurements;that is,Ti is displaced by Ag^(+)and Pt^(2+)ions,which are from the employed reference and counter electrodes,respectively.The as-decorated Ag-Pt NPs are verified to significantly enhance the hydrogen evolution reduction kinetics without substantially degrading the optical performance of Si photocathodes.Owing to optoelectronic advantages,the overpotential required to maintain a photocurrent density of 10 mA cm(under AM1.5 G illumination)is reduced from-0.8 V_(RHE)(for the bare planar Si photocathode)to-0.1 V_(RHE)(for the planar Si photocathode with Ag-Pt NP decoration).Moreover,a further anodic shift(to 0 V_(RHE))is visible for the Si nanowire array photocathode with Ag-Pt NP decoration,along with high long-term stability of the PEC response in acidic and neutral electrolytes.This study opens a new opportunity for the photo-assisted decoration of various alloy NPs on the morphology-varying photoelectrodes with different applications.展开更多
Since the 1990s,new insights in wrist arthroscopy have led to the introduction of numerous treatment methods.Consequently,therapeutic procedures are no longer limited to resection as more specialized repair and functi...Since the 1990s,new insights in wrist arthroscopy have led to the introduction of numerous treatment methods.Consequently,therapeutic procedures are no longer limited to resection as more specialized repair and functional reconstruc-tion methods,involving tissue replacement and essential structural augmentation,have been shown to be beneficial.This article discusses the most prevalent rea-sons and uses for wrist arthroscopy,with an emphasis on Indonesia’s most recent and major advances in reconstructive arthroscopic surgery.Joint debridement,synovectomy,ganglionectomy,capsular release,and osteotomies are frequent resection operations.Ligament repair and arthroscopy-aided reduction and fixation for fractures and nonunion are all examples of reconstructive surgery.展开更多
Low temperature catalysts are attracting increasing attention in the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO with NH3.Mn Ox-decorated Mg Al layered double oxide(Mn/Mg Al-LDO)was synthesized via a facile fast pour assi...Low temperature catalysts are attracting increasing attention in the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO with NH3.Mn Ox-decorated Mg Al layered double oxide(Mn/Mg Al-LDO)was synthesized via a facile fast pour assisted co-precipitation(FP-CP)process.Compared to the Mn/Mg Al-LDO obtained via slow drop assisted coprecipitation(SD-CP)method,the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)has excellent activity.The Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst was shown to possess a high NO conversion rate of 76%-100%from 25 to 150℃,which is much better than the control Mn/Mg Al-LDO(SD-CP)(29.4%-75.8%).In addition,the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)offered an enhanced NO conversion rate of 97%and a N2selectivity of 97.3%at 100℃;the NO conversion rate was 100%and the N2selectivity was 90%at 150℃with a GHSV of 60,000 h^-1.The Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst exhibited a smaller fragment nano-sheet structure(sheet thickness of 7.23 nm).An apparent lattice disorder was observed in the HRTEM image confirming the presence of many defects.The H2-TPR curves show that the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst has abundant reducing substances.Furthermore,the enhanced surface acidity makes the NH3concentration of the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst lower than 100 ml·m^-3after the reaction from 25 to 400℃.This can effectively reduce the ammonia escape rate in the SCR reaction.Thus,the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst has potential applications in stationary industrial installations for environmentally friendly ultra-low temperature SCR.展开更多
A simple method was proposed to produce tungsten(W)particles with controllable shape and size by employing the salt-assisted hydrogen reduction.W particles with controlled shape and size were prepared by adjusting the...A simple method was proposed to produce tungsten(W)particles with controllable shape and size by employing the salt-assisted hydrogen reduction.W particles with controlled shape and size were prepared by adjusting the amount of chlorine salts and the temperature.After adding salt additives,the dispersibility of final particles was obviously improved and more adequate growth of particles was obtained.It was found that the effect of NaCl and LiCl is particularly significant.The average sizes of the obtained W particles at 1038 K after adding 0.1 wt.%NaCl and 0.1 wt.%LiCl were 0.924 and 1.128μm,respectively.With the increase of temperature and amount of chlorine salts,the dispersity of the produced W particles became much better,the size of W sub-particles was increased,and the shape of W sub-particles was changed from spherical to polyhedral.At 1349 K,the addition of chlorine salts even multiplied the particle size,and the average sizes of W particles with 1 wt.%NaCl and 1 wt.%LiCl were raised up to 21.367 and 29.665μm,respectively.Based on the conventional pseudomorphic transformation and chemical vapor transport mechanisms,the effects of adding salts on the reaction mechanism were investigated in detail as well.展开更多
Patients suffering from zygomatic complex fractures always present facial deformity and dyslunctions, and thereafter develop psychological and physiological problems. It is really hard to get an ideal prog- nosis for ...Patients suffering from zygomatic complex fractures always present facial deformity and dyslunctions, and thereafter develop psychological and physiological problems. It is really hard to get an ideal prog- nosis for the zygomatic complex fractures because of the complicated anatomical structures. Computer- assisted surgery techniques, as the new emerging auxiliary methods, can optimize the surgical protocol, predict operation outcomes, and improve the accuracy and quality of the operation. Meanwhile the postoperative complications can be reduced effectively. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of computer-assisted surgery techniques in the management of zygomatic complex fractures.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51977087)in part by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China (No. 1400-202199550A-0-5-ZN)。
文摘Accelerating the development of renewable energy and reducing CO_(2)emissions have become a general consensus and concerted action of all countries in the world. The electric power industry, especially thermal power industry, is the main source for fossil energy consumption and CO_(2)emissions. Since solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture technology would bring massive extra energy consumption, the application of solar-assisted carbon capture technology has attracted extensive attention. Due to the important role of coal-fired combined heat and power plants for serving residential and industrial heating districts, in this paper, the low-carbon operation benefits of combined heat and power integrated plants based on solar-assisted carbon capture(CHPIP-SACC) are fully evaluated in heat and power integrated energy system with a high proportion of wind power. Based on the selected integration scheme, a linear operation model of CHPIP-SACC is developed considering energy flow characteristics and thermal coupling interaction of its internal modules. From the perspective of system-level operation optimization, the day-ahead economic dispatch problem based on a mix-integer linear programming model is presented to evaluate the low-carbon benefits of CHPIP-SACC during annual operation simulation. The numerical simulations on a modified IEEE 39-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of CHPIP-SACC for reducing CO_(2)emissions as well as increasing the downward flexibility. The impact of different solar field areas and unit prices of coal on the low-carbon operation benefits of CHPIP-SACC is studied in the section of sensitivity analysis.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272360,52232014,52005288,52201327)Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(No.3222019)+1 种基金Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars,China(No.XSQD-202101006)BIT Research and Innovation Promoting Project(No.2022YCXZ017).
文摘To address the challenges of high-dimensional constrained optimization problems with expensive simulation models,a Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution using Manifold Learning-based Sampling(SADE-MLS)is proposed.In SADE-MLS,differential evolution operators are executed to generate numerous high-dimensional candidate points.To alleviate the curse of dimensionality,a Manifold Learning-based Sampling(MLS)mechanism is developed to explore the high-dimensional design space effectively.In MLS,the intrinsic dimensionality of the candidate points is determined by a maximum likelihood estimator.Then,the candidate points are mapped into a low-dimensional space using the dimensionality reduction technique,which can avoid significant information loss during dimensionality reduction.Thus,Kriging surrogates are constructed in the low-dimensional space to predict the responses of the mapped candidate points.The candidate points with high constrained expected improvement values are selected for global exploration.Moreover,the local search process assisted by radial basis function and differential evolution is performed to exploit the design space efficiently.Several numerical benchmarks are tested to compare SADE-MLS with other algorithms.Finally,SADE-MLS is successfully applied to a solid rocket motor multidisciplinary optimization problem and a re-entry vehicle aerodynamic optimization problem,with the total impulse and lift to drag ratio being increased by 32.7%and 35.5%,respec-tively.The optimization results demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method in real engineering practices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62075146 and 61875143)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181169)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(20KJA510003)Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Provincethe Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Developing new catalysts to decorate photoelectrodes has been widely used to enhance the performance of photoelectrochemical(PEC)cells.However,the high cost,complex synthesis,and poor stability of catalyst decoration strongly hinder its practical application.Here,we report a facile and low-cost decoration of Ag-Pt nanoparticles(Ag-Pt NPs)on Si photocathodes with TiO_(2)/Ti sacrificial overlayers.Such a decoration does not rely on any metallic-ion precursor solution since it is formed automatically via galvanic replacement reactions during PEC measurements;that is,Ti is displaced by Ag^(+)and Pt^(2+)ions,which are from the employed reference and counter electrodes,respectively.The as-decorated Ag-Pt NPs are verified to significantly enhance the hydrogen evolution reduction kinetics without substantially degrading the optical performance of Si photocathodes.Owing to optoelectronic advantages,the overpotential required to maintain a photocurrent density of 10 mA cm(under AM1.5 G illumination)is reduced from-0.8 V_(RHE)(for the bare planar Si photocathode)to-0.1 V_(RHE)(for the planar Si photocathode with Ag-Pt NP decoration).Moreover,a further anodic shift(to 0 V_(RHE))is visible for the Si nanowire array photocathode with Ag-Pt NP decoration,along with high long-term stability of the PEC response in acidic and neutral electrolytes.This study opens a new opportunity for the photo-assisted decoration of various alloy NPs on the morphology-varying photoelectrodes with different applications.
文摘Since the 1990s,new insights in wrist arthroscopy have led to the introduction of numerous treatment methods.Consequently,therapeutic procedures are no longer limited to resection as more specialized repair and functional reconstruc-tion methods,involving tissue replacement and essential structural augmentation,have been shown to be beneficial.This article discusses the most prevalent rea-sons and uses for wrist arthroscopy,with an emphasis on Indonesia’s most recent and major advances in reconstructive arthroscopic surgery.Joint debridement,synovectomy,ganglionectomy,capsular release,and osteotomies are frequent resection operations.Ligament repair and arthroscopy-aided reduction and fixation for fractures and nonunion are all examples of reconstructive surgery.
基金supported by Science and Technology Innovation Talents Program of Bingtuan(No.2019CB025)Major Scientific and Technological Project of Bingtuan(No.2018AA002)。
文摘Low temperature catalysts are attracting increasing attention in the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO with NH3.Mn Ox-decorated Mg Al layered double oxide(Mn/Mg Al-LDO)was synthesized via a facile fast pour assisted co-precipitation(FP-CP)process.Compared to the Mn/Mg Al-LDO obtained via slow drop assisted coprecipitation(SD-CP)method,the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)has excellent activity.The Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst was shown to possess a high NO conversion rate of 76%-100%from 25 to 150℃,which is much better than the control Mn/Mg Al-LDO(SD-CP)(29.4%-75.8%).In addition,the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)offered an enhanced NO conversion rate of 97%and a N2selectivity of 97.3%at 100℃;the NO conversion rate was 100%and the N2selectivity was 90%at 150℃with a GHSV of 60,000 h^-1.The Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst exhibited a smaller fragment nano-sheet structure(sheet thickness of 7.23 nm).An apparent lattice disorder was observed in the HRTEM image confirming the presence of many defects.The H2-TPR curves show that the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst has abundant reducing substances.Furthermore,the enhanced surface acidity makes the NH3concentration of the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst lower than 100 ml·m^-3after the reaction from 25 to 400℃.This can effectively reduce the ammonia escape rate in the SCR reaction.Thus,the Mn/Mg Al-LDO(FP-CP)catalyst has potential applications in stationary industrial installations for environmentally friendly ultra-low temperature SCR.
基金Project(171111)supported by Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation,ChinaProjects(cx2018055,cx2019041)supported by the Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees,China。
文摘A simple method was proposed to produce tungsten(W)particles with controllable shape and size by employing the salt-assisted hydrogen reduction.W particles with controlled shape and size were prepared by adjusting the amount of chlorine salts and the temperature.After adding salt additives,the dispersibility of final particles was obviously improved and more adequate growth of particles was obtained.It was found that the effect of NaCl and LiCl is particularly significant.The average sizes of the obtained W particles at 1038 K after adding 0.1 wt.%NaCl and 0.1 wt.%LiCl were 0.924 and 1.128μm,respectively.With the increase of temperature and amount of chlorine salts,the dispersity of the produced W particles became much better,the size of W sub-particles was increased,and the shape of W sub-particles was changed from spherical to polyhedral.At 1349 K,the addition of chlorine salts even multiplied the particle size,and the average sizes of W particles with 1 wt.%NaCl and 1 wt.%LiCl were raised up to 21.367 and 29.665μm,respectively.Based on the conventional pseudomorphic transformation and chemical vapor transport mechanisms,the effects of adding salts on the reaction mechanism were investigated in detail as well.
文摘Patients suffering from zygomatic complex fractures always present facial deformity and dyslunctions, and thereafter develop psychological and physiological problems. It is really hard to get an ideal prog- nosis for the zygomatic complex fractures because of the complicated anatomical structures. Computer- assisted surgery techniques, as the new emerging auxiliary methods, can optimize the surgical protocol, predict operation outcomes, and improve the accuracy and quality of the operation. Meanwhile the postoperative complications can be reduced effectively. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of computer-assisted surgery techniques in the management of zygomatic complex fractures.
