乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染呈世界性流行,目前HBV慢性感染是导致肝硬化及肝癌的主要原因,也是全球重要的健康问题。乙型肝炎肝硬化的发生、疾病进展、预后情况与血清HBV DNA水平密切相关,且有多项研究表明有效抑制HBV复...乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染呈世界性流行,目前HBV慢性感染是导致肝硬化及肝癌的主要原因,也是全球重要的健康问题。乙型肝炎肝硬化的发生、疾病进展、预后情况与血清HBV DNA水平密切相关,且有多项研究表明有效抑制HBV复制可以改善甚至逆转肝纤维化,降低肝硬化患者长期并发症发生的概率,改善预后,降低肝硬化及肝癌的发生。因而有效地抗病毒治疗对肝硬化患者尤为重要。目前主要抗病毒治疗药物为干扰素类和核苷酸类药物,且近年来在安全性及方案选择方面有了较大的研究进展。展开更多
BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health issue, and the prognosis of patients with HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure is extremely poor. The application of antiviral th...BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health issue, and the prognosis of patients with HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure is extremely poor. The application of antiviral therapies has led to significant improvements in patient outcomes. This article aimed to review the current strategies in antiviral treatment of HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure. DATA SOURCES: Literature search was conducted using PubMed on the related subjects. Part of the data was from the most recent work of the authors' laboratory. RESULTS: Hepatitis B immunoglobulin in prevention of recurrent HBV infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been proven effective. However, its cost is high, and significant side effects have been found to induce viral mutations. Lamivudine has a potent suppression for HBV replication and an excellent safety profile in decompensated cirrhotic patients, but its major drawback is the high rate of drug-resistance. Adefovir is effective for lamivudine-resistance strains in the post-OLT situation, and its drug-resistance rate is relatively low. Combination therapies such as hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with lamivudine and lamivudine combined with adefovir have been widely adopted for prophylaxis against HBV recurrence of infection after OLT. Entecavir, telbivudine, tenofovir and other newer agents have been widely used in antiviral therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure is being transformed by developments in antiviral therapy. However, it should be noticed that HBV is controlled but never eliminated, and drug-resistance still remains a major issue. Hopefully, newer strategies may help to solve these problems.展开更多
文摘乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染呈世界性流行,目前HBV慢性感染是导致肝硬化及肝癌的主要原因,也是全球重要的健康问题。乙型肝炎肝硬化的发生、疾病进展、预后情况与血清HBV DNA水平密切相关,且有多项研究表明有效抑制HBV复制可以改善甚至逆转肝纤维化,降低肝硬化患者长期并发症发生的概率,改善预后,降低肝硬化及肝癌的发生。因而有效地抗病毒治疗对肝硬化患者尤为重要。目前主要抗病毒治疗药物为干扰素类和核苷酸类药物,且近年来在安全性及方案选择方面有了较大的研究进展。
基金supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2007CB512900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470964)
文摘BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health issue, and the prognosis of patients with HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure is extremely poor. The application of antiviral therapies has led to significant improvements in patient outcomes. This article aimed to review the current strategies in antiviral treatment of HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure. DATA SOURCES: Literature search was conducted using PubMed on the related subjects. Part of the data was from the most recent work of the authors' laboratory. RESULTS: Hepatitis B immunoglobulin in prevention of recurrent HBV infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been proven effective. However, its cost is high, and significant side effects have been found to induce viral mutations. Lamivudine has a potent suppression for HBV replication and an excellent safety profile in decompensated cirrhotic patients, but its major drawback is the high rate of drug-resistance. Adefovir is effective for lamivudine-resistance strains in the post-OLT situation, and its drug-resistance rate is relatively low. Combination therapies such as hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with lamivudine and lamivudine combined with adefovir have been widely adopted for prophylaxis against HBV recurrence of infection after OLT. Entecavir, telbivudine, tenofovir and other newer agents have been widely used in antiviral therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure is being transformed by developments in antiviral therapy. However, it should be noticed that HBV is controlled but never eliminated, and drug-resistance still remains a major issue. Hopefully, newer strategies may help to solve these problems.
