Gamete fusion is a core process of sexual reproduction and, in both plants and animals, different sex gametes fuse within species. Although most of the molecular factors involved in gamete interaction are still unknow...Gamete fusion is a core process of sexual reproduction and, in both plants and animals, different sex gametes fuse within species. Although most of the molecular factors involved in gamete interaction are still unknown in various sex-possessing eukaryotes, reports of such factors in algae and land plants have been increasing in the past decade. In particular, knowledge of gamete interaction in flowering plants and green algae has increased since the identification of the conserved gamete fusion factor GENERATIVE CELL SPECIFIC 1/HAPLESS 2 （GCS1/HAP2）. GCSl was first identified as a pollen generative cell-specific transmembrane protein in the lily （Lilium Iongiflorum）, and was then shown to function not only in flowering plant gamete fusion but also in various eukaryotes, including unicellular protists and metazoans. In addition, although initially restricted to Chlamydomonas, knowledge of gamete attachment in flowering plants was also acquired. This review focuses on recent progress in the study of gamete interaction in volvocine green algae and flowering plants and discusses conserved mechanisms of gamete recognition, attachment, and fusion leading to zygote formation.展开更多
Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replaci...Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replacing both fish meal and fish oil by plant sources is the lack of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA).To address this problem,we studied the effect of the plant-based diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp.microalgae,source of DHA,compared to a conventional commercial diet rich in fish meal and fish oil on reproductive performance and egg quality and the consequences on progeny,in female rainbow trout broodstock.Results:The results demonstrated that DHA-rich microalgae supplementation in a plant-based diet allowed for the maintenance of reproductive performance and egg quality comparable to a conventional commercial feed rich in fish meal and fish oil and led to an increased significant fry survival after resorption.Moreover,when females were fed a plant-based diet supplemented with micro-algae,the 4-month-old progenies showed a significant higher growth when they were challenged with a similar diet as broodstock during 1 month.We provide evidence for metabolic programming in which the maternal dietary induced significant protracted effects on lipid metabolism of progeny.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that supplementation of a plant-based diet with DHA-rich microalgae can be an effective alternative to fish meal and fish oil in rainbow trout broodstock aquafeed.展开更多
The facts regarding to the early stages of algae evolution in the Precambrian are very rare (more than 542 million years ago). In this paper, the author describes the first discovered evidence that the sexual reproduc...The facts regarding to the early stages of algae evolution in the Precambrian are very rare (more than 542 million years ago). In this paper, the author describes the first discovered evidence that the sexual reproduction process took place one billion years ago. As it is known, sexual reproduction led to the diversity of living organisms on the Earth, and in general, accelerated the evolution process.展开更多
文摘Gamete fusion is a core process of sexual reproduction and, in both plants and animals, different sex gametes fuse within species. Although most of the molecular factors involved in gamete interaction are still unknown in various sex-possessing eukaryotes, reports of such factors in algae and land plants have been increasing in the past decade. In particular, knowledge of gamete interaction in flowering plants and green algae has increased since the identification of the conserved gamete fusion factor GENERATIVE CELL SPECIFIC 1/HAPLESS 2 （GCS1/HAP2）. GCSl was first identified as a pollen generative cell-specific transmembrane protein in the lily （Lilium Iongiflorum）, and was then shown to function not only in flowering plant gamete fusion but also in various eukaryotes, including unicellular protists and metazoans. In addition, although initially restricted to Chlamydomonas, knowledge of gamete attachment in flowering plants was also acquired. This review focuses on recent progress in the study of gamete interaction in volvocine green algae and flowering plants and discusses conserved mechanisms of gamete recognition, attachment, and fusion leading to zygote formation.
基金funded by FEAMP(NutriEgg N°PFEA470016FA1000002).
文摘Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replacing both fish meal and fish oil by plant sources is the lack of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA).To address this problem,we studied the effect of the plant-based diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp.microalgae,source of DHA,compared to a conventional commercial diet rich in fish meal and fish oil on reproductive performance and egg quality and the consequences on progeny,in female rainbow trout broodstock.Results:The results demonstrated that DHA-rich microalgae supplementation in a plant-based diet allowed for the maintenance of reproductive performance and egg quality comparable to a conventional commercial feed rich in fish meal and fish oil and led to an increased significant fry survival after resorption.Moreover,when females were fed a plant-based diet supplemented with micro-algae,the 4-month-old progenies showed a significant higher growth when they were challenged with a similar diet as broodstock during 1 month.We provide evidence for metabolic programming in which the maternal dietary induced significant protracted effects on lipid metabolism of progeny.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that supplementation of a plant-based diet with DHA-rich microalgae can be an effective alternative to fish meal and fish oil in rainbow trout broodstock aquafeed.
文摘The facts regarding to the early stages of algae evolution in the Precambrian are very rare (more than 542 million years ago). In this paper, the author describes the first discovered evidence that the sexual reproduction process took place one billion years ago. As it is known, sexual reproduction led to the diversity of living organisms on the Earth, and in general, accelerated the evolution process.
