飞机几何外形即整机装配质量,直接影响整体装备的气动性能、隐身性能以及结构性能.为更加准确、高效、全面地评价飞机整机装配质量,本文提出了基于固定式测量站的飞机整机装配质量评价方法.首先介绍了整机固定式测量站的架构,对其包含...飞机几何外形即整机装配质量,直接影响整体装备的气动性能、隐身性能以及结构性能.为更加准确、高效、全面地评价飞机整机装配质量,本文提出了基于固定式测量站的飞机整机装配质量评价方法.首先介绍了整机固定式测量站的架构,对其包含的基站、激光扫描系统、自动化设备和系统软件进行了简要的介绍,并对各系统之间的关系进行了阐述.然后,对测量设备的测量原理、系统标定方法和坐标系配准方法进行了分析,通过基于一维靶的虚拟点集控制场外参数标定方法,提高标定效率,降低劳动强度,满足现场标定的需求.同时,在数据融合方面,对传统的奇异值分解方法进行了优化,通过利用随机抽样一致性算法结合奇异值分解方法,提出了RANSAC-SVD坐标系优化配准算法,可以剔除由于误差较大而不适合用于坐标系配准的参考点,仅采用波动较小的内点进行坐标系配准,可以有效地提高坐标系配准的精度.在此基础上,简述了该系统的工作原理,详述了飞机整机测量准备阶段、数据采集阶段和数据处理阶段所包含的主要任务和流程.最后,对相机的外参数进行了标定并对测量场内的精度进行了分析与测试,结果表明,重复测量精度可达到0.024 mm, 3D点坐标测量误差小于0.2 mm,且有60%的测量数据误差小于0.1 mm.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)microdisplacement monitoring plays a crucial role in the assembly of large aircraft.This paper presents a broadly applicable high-precision online 3D microdisplacement monitoring method and system...Three-dimensional(3D)microdisplacement monitoring plays a crucial role in the assembly of large aircraft.This paper presents a broadly applicable high-precision online 3D microdisplacement monitoring method and system based on proximity sensors as well as a corresponding in situ calibration method,which can be applied under various extreme working conditions encountered in the aircraft assembly process,such as compact and obstructed spaces.A 3D monitoring model is first established to achieve 3D microdisplacement monitoring based only on the one-dimensional distances measured by proximity sensors,which concerns the extrinsic sensor parameters,such as the probe base point(PBP)and the unit displacement vector(UDV).Then,a calibration method is employed to obtain these extrinsic parameters with high precision by combining spatial transformation principles and weighted optimization.Finally,calibration and monitoring experiments performed for a tailplane assembly process are reported.The calibration precision for the PBP is better than±10 lm in the X and Y directions and±2 lm in the Z direction,and the calibration precision for the UDV is better than 0.07°.Moreover,the accuracy of the 3D microdisplacement monitoring system can reach±15 lm.In general,this paper provides new insights into the modeling and calibration of 3D microdisplacement monitoring based on proximity sensors and a precise,efficient,and low-cost technical means for performing related measurements in compact spaces during the aircraft assembly process.展开更多
文摘飞机几何外形即整机装配质量,直接影响整体装备的气动性能、隐身性能以及结构性能.为更加准确、高效、全面地评价飞机整机装配质量,本文提出了基于固定式测量站的飞机整机装配质量评价方法.首先介绍了整机固定式测量站的架构,对其包含的基站、激光扫描系统、自动化设备和系统软件进行了简要的介绍,并对各系统之间的关系进行了阐述.然后,对测量设备的测量原理、系统标定方法和坐标系配准方法进行了分析,通过基于一维靶的虚拟点集控制场外参数标定方法,提高标定效率,降低劳动强度,满足现场标定的需求.同时,在数据融合方面,对传统的奇异值分解方法进行了优化,通过利用随机抽样一致性算法结合奇异值分解方法,提出了RANSAC-SVD坐标系优化配准算法,可以剔除由于误差较大而不适合用于坐标系配准的参考点,仅采用波动较小的内点进行坐标系配准,可以有效地提高坐标系配准的精度.在此基础上,简述了该系统的工作原理,详述了飞机整机测量准备阶段、数据采集阶段和数据处理阶段所包含的主要任务和流程.最后,对相机的外参数进行了标定并对测量场内的精度进行了分析与测试,结果表明,重复测量精度可达到0.024 mm, 3D点坐标测量误差小于0.2 mm,且有60%的测量数据误差小于0.1 mm.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1808217)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(52125504)+1 种基金the Highlevel Personnel Innovation Support Program of Dalian(2017RJ04)the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807086 and XLYC1801008).
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)microdisplacement monitoring plays a crucial role in the assembly of large aircraft.This paper presents a broadly applicable high-precision online 3D microdisplacement monitoring method and system based on proximity sensors as well as a corresponding in situ calibration method,which can be applied under various extreme working conditions encountered in the aircraft assembly process,such as compact and obstructed spaces.A 3D monitoring model is first established to achieve 3D microdisplacement monitoring based only on the one-dimensional distances measured by proximity sensors,which concerns the extrinsic sensor parameters,such as the probe base point(PBP)and the unit displacement vector(UDV).Then,a calibration method is employed to obtain these extrinsic parameters with high precision by combining spatial transformation principles and weighted optimization.Finally,calibration and monitoring experiments performed for a tailplane assembly process are reported.The calibration precision for the PBP is better than±10 lm in the X and Y directions and±2 lm in the Z direction,and the calibration precision for the UDV is better than 0.07°.Moreover,the accuracy of the 3D microdisplacement monitoring system can reach±15 lm.In general,this paper provides new insights into the modeling and calibration of 3D microdisplacement monitoring based on proximity sensors and a precise,efficient,and low-cost technical means for performing related measurements in compact spaces during the aircraft assembly process.
