氧化铁可以促进产甲烷菌的代谢活动,从而加快厌氧消化体系的产甲烷速率。通过设计3组反应器,探究了不同的氧化铁添加方式对餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的影响:包括空白组A(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥),以及2个实验组B(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥,48 h后投加...氧化铁可以促进产甲烷菌的代谢活动,从而加快厌氧消化体系的产甲烷速率。通过设计3组反应器,探究了不同的氧化铁添加方式对餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的影响:包括空白组A(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥),以及2个实验组B(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥,48 h后投加氧化铁)和C(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥+氧化铁)。结果表明:反应器A酸化严重,进入长期产甲烷抑制状态;反应器B可以解除酸抑制,恢复体系产甲烷能力,但需要较长的启动期;反应器C则能较快达到产甲烷阶段。此外,截止到第54天实验结束,反应器C的累积产甲烷量(48 349 m L)高于B(35 665 m L)。对于餐厨垃圾厌氧消化,投加氧化铁可解除体系酸抑制,恢复其产甲烷能力。而在厌氧消化初期加入氧化铁可以更快地解除酸抑制,并促成更高的产甲烷速率。展开更多
The application of Mg-Zn binary alloys is restricted due to their developed dendritic microstructure and poor mechanical properties. In this study, an alloying method was used to improve the mechanical properties of M...The application of Mg-Zn binary alloys is restricted due to their developed dendritic microstructure and poor mechanical properties. In this study, an alloying method was used to improve the mechanical properties of Mg-Zn alloy. The Mg-6Zn magnesium alloys microalloyed with varying Cu content(0, 0.8, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5wt.%) were fabricated by permanent mould casting, and the effects of Cu content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-6Zn alloys were studied using OM, SEM, XRD and tensile tests at room temperature. The obtained results show that the addition of Cu not only can refine the grains effectively, but also can modify the eutectic morphology and improve the mechanical properties of the alloys. The main phases of the studied alloys include α-Mg, MgZn_2, Mg_2Cu and CuMgZn. When the content of Cu exceeds 0.8wt.%, Mg_2Cu phase appears. Meanwhile, the eutectic morphology is modified into dendritic shape or lamellar structure, which has an adverse effect on the tensile properties. Furthermore, among the investigated alloys, the alloy containing 0.8% Cu shows an optimalultimate tensile strength of 196 MPa, while the alloy with 1.5wt.% Cu obtains an excellent elongation of 7.22%. The experimental alloys under different Cu contents show distinguishing fracture behaviors: the fracture of the alloy with 0.8wt.% Cu reveals a mixed mode of inter-granular and quasi-cleavage, while in other investigated alloys, the fracture behaviors are dominated by cleavage fracture.展开更多
Acetosyringone （AS） has great influences on Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. In order to improve the transformation frequency of waxy maize, in this study, shoot tips and immature embryo-derived callus...Acetosyringone （AS） has great influences on Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. In order to improve the transformation frequency of waxy maize, in this study, shoot tips and immature embryo-derived callus of Lainongnuo 38 were collected as receptor materials, to compare the effects of pH in suspension medium, addition modes and concentrations of acetosyringone on genetic transformation of waxy maize. Results showed that adding 2 μl of 150 μmol/L AS in the wound with suspension medimn at pH 5.2 can significantly improve the transformation frequency of shoot tips of waxy maize; in genetic transformation of maize callus, adding 5 mg/L AS in infection solution can significantly improve the percentage of resistant callus.展开更多
激发效应(PE)在调控陆地土壤碳(C)循环中发挥着重要作用,但在氮(N)沉降日益严重的亚热带森林生态系统中,不同C添加模式对PE的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过添加^(13)C标记的葡萄糖,进行90 d的室内培养试验,探究不同施N水平下(0、20、80 kg N...激发效应(PE)在调控陆地土壤碳(C)循环中发挥着重要作用,但在氮(N)沉降日益严重的亚热带森林生态系统中,不同C添加模式对PE的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过添加^(13)C标记的葡萄糖,进行90 d的室内培养试验,探究不同施N水平下(0、20、80 kg N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))C添加模式(单次C添加、重复C添加)对土壤PE的影响。结果表明:不同模式葡萄糖添加均显著增加了土壤有机C(SOC)矿化,产生了正PE,且单次的葡萄糖添加比重复添加引起的PE更大;随着施N水平的增加,PE显著减弱,表明N沉降抑制了毛竹林土壤激发。相关分析显示,累积PE与β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、过氧化物酶(PEO)活性呈显著负相关,与微生物生物量磷(MBP)、酸碱度(pH)呈显著正相关。综上,施N和C添加共同作用于土壤时,可以通过刺激亚热带森林中原生土壤有机质矿化而对土壤C储量产生强烈影响。本研究证明,单次C添加模式可能高估了外源易分解有机C对PE的影响,而忽略了N沉降对PE的影响,进而高估了森林SOC的矿化损失。展开更多
We theoretically analyze the nonclassicality and entanglement of two new non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon addition and subtraction to a two-mode binomial state.The nonclassical prope...We theoretically analyze the nonclassicality and entanglement of two new non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon addition and subtraction to a two-mode binomial state.The nonclassical properties are investigated in terms of the partial negativity of the Wigner functions,whose results show that their nonclassicality can be enhanced via one-mode even-number photon operations and two-mode symmetrical operations for the initial two-mode binomial state.We also find that there exists some enhancement in the entanglement properties in certain parameter ranges via one-mode photon-addition and two-mode symmetrical operations.展开更多
文摘氧化铁可以促进产甲烷菌的代谢活动,从而加快厌氧消化体系的产甲烷速率。通过设计3组反应器,探究了不同的氧化铁添加方式对餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷的影响:包括空白组A(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥),以及2个实验组B(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥,48 h后投加氧化铁)和C(餐厨垃圾+厌氧污泥+氧化铁)。结果表明:反应器A酸化严重,进入长期产甲烷抑制状态;反应器B可以解除酸抑制,恢复体系产甲烷能力,但需要较长的启动期;反应器C则能较快达到产甲烷阶段。此外,截止到第54天实验结束,反应器C的累积产甲烷量(48 349 m L)高于B(35 665 m L)。对于餐厨垃圾厌氧消化,投加氧化铁可解除体系酸抑制,恢复其产甲烷能力。而在厌氧消化初期加入氧化铁可以更快地解除酸抑制,并促成更高的产甲烷速率。
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundations of China(51464032)the National Basic Research Program of China(grant No.2010CB635106)
文摘The application of Mg-Zn binary alloys is restricted due to their developed dendritic microstructure and poor mechanical properties. In this study, an alloying method was used to improve the mechanical properties of Mg-Zn alloy. The Mg-6Zn magnesium alloys microalloyed with varying Cu content(0, 0.8, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5wt.%) were fabricated by permanent mould casting, and the effects of Cu content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-6Zn alloys were studied using OM, SEM, XRD and tensile tests at room temperature. The obtained results show that the addition of Cu not only can refine the grains effectively, but also can modify the eutectic morphology and improve the mechanical properties of the alloys. The main phases of the studied alloys include α-Mg, MgZn_2, Mg_2Cu and CuMgZn. When the content of Cu exceeds 0.8wt.%, Mg_2Cu phase appears. Meanwhile, the eutectic morphology is modified into dendritic shape or lamellar structure, which has an adverse effect on the tensile properties. Furthermore, among the investigated alloys, the alloy containing 0.8% Cu shows an optimalultimate tensile strength of 196 MPa, while the alloy with 1.5wt.% Cu obtains an excellent elongation of 7.22%. The experimental alloys under different Cu contents show distinguishing fracture behaviors: the fracture of the alloy with 0.8wt.% Cu reveals a mixed mode of inter-granular and quasi-cleavage, while in other investigated alloys, the fracture behaviors are dominated by cleavage fracture.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31201218)National Science and Technology Project of "Twelfth Five Year" Plan of China(2011BAD35B01)+3 种基金Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(Crop Cultivation and Breeding)Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Project of Qingdao City[12-1-4-5-(11)-jch]Starting Fund for High-level Personnel of Qingdao Agricultural University(No.630740)Shandong Key Laboratory of Maize Breeding and Cultivation Techniques
文摘Acetosyringone （AS） has great influences on Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. In order to improve the transformation frequency of waxy maize, in this study, shoot tips and immature embryo-derived callus of Lainongnuo 38 were collected as receptor materials, to compare the effects of pH in suspension medium, addition modes and concentrations of acetosyringone on genetic transformation of waxy maize. Results showed that adding 2 μl of 150 μmol/L AS in the wound with suspension medimn at pH 5.2 can significantly improve the transformation frequency of shoot tips of waxy maize; in genetic transformation of maize callus, adding 5 mg/L AS in infection solution can significantly improve the percentage of resistant callus.
文摘激发效应(PE)在调控陆地土壤碳(C)循环中发挥着重要作用,但在氮(N)沉降日益严重的亚热带森林生态系统中,不同C添加模式对PE的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过添加^(13)C标记的葡萄糖,进行90 d的室内培养试验,探究不同施N水平下(0、20、80 kg N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1))C添加模式(单次C添加、重复C添加)对土壤PE的影响。结果表明:不同模式葡萄糖添加均显著增加了土壤有机C(SOC)矿化,产生了正PE,且单次的葡萄糖添加比重复添加引起的PE更大;随着施N水平的增加,PE显著减弱,表明N沉降抑制了毛竹林土壤激发。相关分析显示,累积PE与β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、过氧化物酶(PEO)活性呈显著负相关,与微生物生物量磷(MBP)、酸碱度(pH)呈显著正相关。综上,施N和C添加共同作用于土壤时,可以通过刺激亚热带森林中原生土壤有机质矿化而对土壤C储量产生强烈影响。本研究证明,单次C添加模式可能高估了外源易分解有机C对PE的影响,而忽略了N沉降对PE的影响,进而高估了森林SOC的矿化损失。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11347026the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant Nos.ZR2016AM03 and ZR2017MA011
文摘We theoretically analyze the nonclassicality and entanglement of two new non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon addition and subtraction to a two-mode binomial state.The nonclassical properties are investigated in terms of the partial negativity of the Wigner functions,whose results show that their nonclassicality can be enhanced via one-mode even-number photon operations and two-mode symmetrical operations for the initial two-mode binomial state.We also find that there exists some enhancement in the entanglement properties in certain parameter ranges via one-mode photon-addition and two-mode symmetrical operations.
