There is a strong climate gradient in the Inner Mongolia region, China, with solar radiation and air temperature increasing but precipitation decreasing gradually from the northeast to the southwest. Sixteen Cara- gan...There is a strong climate gradient in the Inner Mongolia region, China, with solar radiation and air temperature increasing but precipitation decreasing gradually from the northeast to the southwest. Sixteen Cara- gana species exist in the Inner Mongolia region. These Caragana species exhibit a distribution pattern across moisture zones and form a geographical replacement series. In order to examine the mechanisms responsible for Caragana species distribution pattern, we selected 12 Caragana species that exhibit a distinct distribution pattern across multiple moisture zones in the Inner Mongolia region, and determined the relationships between the leaf ecological and physiological traits of these Caragana species and the aridity index and solar radiation. Along with the climatic drought gradient and the solar radiation intensification from the northeast to the southwest, leaf eco- logical characteristics of Caragana species changed drastically, i.e. the leaf shape gradually turned from flat into tegular or tubbish; the leaf hair became denser, longer and lighter in color; the leaf area, leaf biomass and specific leaf area （SLA） decreased significantly; the leaf thickness and the ratio of leaf thickness to leaf area increased sig- nificantly; and the leaf chlorophyll content decreased significantly. As the climatic drought stress increased, osmotic potentials of the main osmotic adjustment substances and the cytoplasmic ion concentration of Caragana species increased significantly. Meanwhile, the total and free water contents and water potential of leaves decreased sig- nificantly; the ratio of bound to free water increased significantly; the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate reduced significantly; and the water use efficiency （WUE） increased significantly. In addition, with the intensification of climatic drought stress, peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities in leaves increased significantly. As a result, the malondialdehyde （MDA） content increased while the oxyg展开更多
Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet...Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet direct neural evidence is still lacking.By manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”adaptation.One hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended eye.More importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended eye.These results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.展开更多
The state of health(SOH)is a critical factor in evaluating the performance of the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Due to various end-user behaviors,the LIBs exhibit different degradation modes,which makes it challenging t...The state of health(SOH)is a critical factor in evaluating the performance of the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Due to various end-user behaviors,the LIBs exhibit different degradation modes,which makes it challenging to estimate the SOHs in a personalized way.In this article,we present a novel particle swarm optimization-assisted deep domain adaptation(PSO-DDA)method to estimate the SOH of LIBs in a personalized manner,where a new domain adaptation strategy is put forward to reduce cross-domain distribution discrepancy.The standard PSO algorithm is exploited to automatically adjust the chosen hyperparameters of developed DDA-based method.The proposed PSODDA method is validated by extensive experiments on two LIB datasets with different battery chemistry materials,ambient temperatures and charge-discharge configurations.Experimental results indicate that the proposed PSO-DDA method surpasses the convolutional neural network-based method and the standard DDA-based method.The Py Torch implementation of the proposed PSO-DDA method is available at https://github.com/mxt0607/PSO-DDA.展开更多
For the adverse impacts of climate change, China gov- ernment should place the problem of adaptation to climate change on the agenda. It is time to institute and implement a state adap- tive strategy to reduce the adv...For the adverse impacts of climate change, China gov- ernment should place the problem of adaptation to climate change on the agenda. It is time to institute and implement a state adap- tive strategy to reduce the adverse impacts on economy, commu- nity and people's health and life by international cooperation and our own endeavor. A state strategy of adaptation to climate change should be closely linked with other current interrelated national strategies, and they should be supplemented and improved by each other. This paper discusses the roles of the state strategy of adaptation to climate change in the state climate change integra- tive strategy, the environmental protection strategy, and the sus- tainable development strategy in China. Furthermore, it proposes the main aims of the state adaptive strategy of China.展开更多
This article is investigating the comparative analysis of anatomical, physiological, and psycho-emotional adaptation indicators of 100 male and 100 female first-year students of the international medical faculty in Os...This article is investigating the comparative analysis of anatomical, physiological, and psycho-emotional adaptation indicators of 100 male and 100 female first-year students of the international medical faculty in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. Control groups have consisted of 100 male and 100 female local students of the same age, residing in the Osh city and region. Anthropometry is determined by 50 indicators, such as bio-impedance analysis of body composition, functional tests with exercise, and breathe holding. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In addition</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, the girls underwent an as</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sessment of sexual development according to Tyner. The psychological state was assessed using the Lüschers color test and Spielberger’s questionnaire. The features of anthropometric indicators for students from India are shown as a shorter length of the body, shoulder, and legs, greater waist coverage, an</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> increase in the thickness of the skin folds of the abdomen, increased fat mass and delayed sexual development, anxiety, frequent and longer colds. Functional tests for </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">breath holding</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and physical activity revealed less reserve capacity in foreign students. This requires the development of rehabilitation programs for foreign students, starting from the first year.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effects of low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model on hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion in patients with preeclampsia. Methods: A ...Objective: To investigate the effects of low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model on hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion in patients with preeclampsia. Methods: A total of 71 patients with preeclampsia who were treated in Zigong Third People's Hospital between December 2014 and February 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the control group (n=38) who accepted conventional low molecular heparin therapy and the study group (n=33) who accepted low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model therapy. The differences in hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion were compared between the two groups before intervention and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results: Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion between the two groups of patients. After 8 weeks of intervention, peripheral blood coagulation indexes TT and AT-Ⅲ levels of study group were higher than those of control group while D-D level was lower than that of control group;serum endothelial function index NO content was higher than that of control group while ET-1 content was lower than that of control group;ultrasonic placental blood perfusion parameters FI, VI and VFI levels were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model intervention could further reduce the hypercoagulable state, decrease the vascular endothelial injury, and eventually increase the placental blood perfusion in patients with preeclampsia.展开更多
An empirical research is done on how political Obama＇s 2015 State of the Union Address as the corpora sample speeches adapt to context in the framework of adaptation theory, taking This paper shows that language choi...An empirical research is done on how political Obama＇s 2015 State of the Union Address as the corpora sample speeches adapt to context in the framework of adaptation theory, taking This paper shows that language choices in the State of the Union Address are adaptive to all the levels of the context, including communicative context （language users, mental world, social world, and physical world） and linguistic context. It is confirmed one of the theoretical stances of adaptation theory that there is no language use without being adaptive to context.展开更多
为充分发挥储能参与一次调频的优势,在虚拟惯性控制及下垂控制的基础上,通过分析储能参与电网一次调频的动态特性,提出一种跟随荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)变化和最大频率偏差动态调整出力的自适应综合控制策略。该策略在负荷扰动初...为充分发挥储能参与一次调频的优势,在虚拟惯性控制及下垂控制的基础上,通过分析储能参与电网一次调频的动态特性,提出一种跟随荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)变化和最大频率偏差动态调整出力的自适应综合控制策略。该策略在负荷扰动初期采用正虚拟惯性控制模拟发电机惯性响应;在频率恢复期提出可变系数的负虚拟惯性控制,综合考虑频率恶化程度(最大频差)和SOC动态调整负虚拟惯性控制出力以加快频率恢复;在整个调频期内采用基于双曲正切函数特性的变系数下垂控制,下垂系数的大小与SOC有关,可在保证调频需求的同时兼顾电池容量的保持效果。最终形成以正/负虚拟惯性控制改善储能调频动态特性为主、下垂控制改善储能稳态特性为主,3种方法互相配合的综合控制策略,并提出电池储能参与一次调频的评价指标。最后在Matlab\Simulink中搭建了区域调频模型,分别对阶跃负荷扰动和连续负荷扰动进行仿真,验证了策略的有效性。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31170381, 31100330)the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB106802)
文摘There is a strong climate gradient in the Inner Mongolia region, China, with solar radiation and air temperature increasing but precipitation decreasing gradually from the northeast to the southwest. Sixteen Cara- gana species exist in the Inner Mongolia region. These Caragana species exhibit a distribution pattern across moisture zones and form a geographical replacement series. In order to examine the mechanisms responsible for Caragana species distribution pattern, we selected 12 Caragana species that exhibit a distinct distribution pattern across multiple moisture zones in the Inner Mongolia region, and determined the relationships between the leaf ecological and physiological traits of these Caragana species and the aridity index and solar radiation. Along with the climatic drought gradient and the solar radiation intensification from the northeast to the southwest, leaf eco- logical characteristics of Caragana species changed drastically, i.e. the leaf shape gradually turned from flat into tegular or tubbish; the leaf hair became denser, longer and lighter in color; the leaf area, leaf biomass and specific leaf area （SLA） decreased significantly; the leaf thickness and the ratio of leaf thickness to leaf area increased sig- nificantly; and the leaf chlorophyll content decreased significantly. As the climatic drought stress increased, osmotic potentials of the main osmotic adjustment substances and the cytoplasmic ion concentration of Caragana species increased significantly. Meanwhile, the total and free water contents and water potential of leaves decreased sig- nificantly; the ratio of bound to free water increased significantly; the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate reduced significantly; and the water use efficiency （WUE） increased significantly. In addition, with the intensification of climatic drought stress, peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities in leaves increased significantly. As a result, the malondialdehyde （MDA） content increased while the oxyg
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2021ZD0203800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871104 and 31830037).
文摘Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet direct neural evidence is still lacking.By manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”adaptation.One hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended eye.More importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended eye.These results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92167201,62273264,61933007)。
文摘The state of health(SOH)is a critical factor in evaluating the performance of the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Due to various end-user behaviors,the LIBs exhibit different degradation modes,which makes it challenging to estimate the SOHs in a personalized way.In this article,we present a novel particle swarm optimization-assisted deep domain adaptation(PSO-DDA)method to estimate the SOH of LIBs in a personalized manner,where a new domain adaptation strategy is put forward to reduce cross-domain distribution discrepancy.The standard PSO algorithm is exploited to automatically adjust the chosen hyperparameters of developed DDA-based method.The proposed PSODDA method is validated by extensive experiments on two LIB datasets with different battery chemistry materials,ambient temperatures and charge-discharge configurations.Experimental results indicate that the proposed PSO-DDA method surpasses the convolutional neural network-based method and the standard DDA-based method.The Py Torch implementation of the proposed PSO-DDA method is available at https://github.com/mxt0607/PSO-DDA.
文摘For the adverse impacts of climate change, China gov- ernment should place the problem of adaptation to climate change on the agenda. It is time to institute and implement a state adap- tive strategy to reduce the adverse impacts on economy, commu- nity and people's health and life by international cooperation and our own endeavor. A state strategy of adaptation to climate change should be closely linked with other current interrelated national strategies, and they should be supplemented and improved by each other. This paper discusses the roles of the state strategy of adaptation to climate change in the state climate change integra- tive strategy, the environmental protection strategy, and the sus- tainable development strategy in China. Furthermore, it proposes the main aims of the state adaptive strategy of China.
文摘This article is investigating the comparative analysis of anatomical, physiological, and psycho-emotional adaptation indicators of 100 male and 100 female first-year students of the international medical faculty in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. Control groups have consisted of 100 male and 100 female local students of the same age, residing in the Osh city and region. Anthropometry is determined by 50 indicators, such as bio-impedance analysis of body composition, functional tests with exercise, and breathe holding. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In addition</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, the girls underwent an as</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sessment of sexual development according to Tyner. The psychological state was assessed using the Lüschers color test and Spielberger’s questionnaire. The features of anthropometric indicators for students from India are shown as a shorter length of the body, shoulder, and legs, greater waist coverage, an</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> increase in the thickness of the skin folds of the abdomen, increased fat mass and delayed sexual development, anxiety, frequent and longer colds. Functional tests for </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">breath holding</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and physical activity revealed less reserve capacity in foreign students. This requires the development of rehabilitation programs for foreign students, starting from the first year.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model on hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion in patients with preeclampsia. Methods: A total of 71 patients with preeclampsia who were treated in Zigong Third People's Hospital between December 2014 and February 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the control group (n=38) who accepted conventional low molecular heparin therapy and the study group (n=33) who accepted low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model therapy. The differences in hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion were compared between the two groups before intervention and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results: Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the hypercoagulable state, endothelial function and placental blood perfusion between the two groups of patients. After 8 weeks of intervention, peripheral blood coagulation indexes TT and AT-Ⅲ levels of study group were higher than those of control group while D-D level was lower than that of control group;serum endothelial function index NO content was higher than that of control group while ET-1 content was lower than that of control group;ultrasonic placental blood perfusion parameters FI, VI and VFI levels were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Low molecular heparin combined with Roy adaptation model intervention could further reduce the hypercoagulable state, decrease the vascular endothelial injury, and eventually increase the placental blood perfusion in patients with preeclampsia.
文摘An empirical research is done on how political Obama＇s 2015 State of the Union Address as the corpora sample speeches adapt to context in the framework of adaptation theory, taking This paper shows that language choices in the State of the Union Address are adaptive to all the levels of the context, including communicative context （language users, mental world, social world, and physical world） and linguistic context. It is confirmed one of the theoretical stances of adaptation theory that there is no language use without being adaptive to context.
文摘为充分发挥储能参与一次调频的优势,在虚拟惯性控制及下垂控制的基础上,通过分析储能参与电网一次调频的动态特性,提出一种跟随荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)变化和最大频率偏差动态调整出力的自适应综合控制策略。该策略在负荷扰动初期采用正虚拟惯性控制模拟发电机惯性响应;在频率恢复期提出可变系数的负虚拟惯性控制,综合考虑频率恶化程度(最大频差)和SOC动态调整负虚拟惯性控制出力以加快频率恢复;在整个调频期内采用基于双曲正切函数特性的变系数下垂控制,下垂系数的大小与SOC有关,可在保证调频需求的同时兼顾电池容量的保持效果。最终形成以正/负虚拟惯性控制改善储能调频动态特性为主、下垂控制改善储能稳态特性为主,3种方法互相配合的综合控制策略,并提出电池储能参与一次调频的评价指标。最后在Matlab\Simulink中搭建了区域调频模型,分别对阶跃负荷扰动和连续负荷扰动进行仿真,验证了策略的有效性。
