为了研究不同驯化温度对南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis Chen)幼鱼热耐受性特征的影响,在水温为10℃、20℃和30℃的条件下,对南方鲇幼鱼((16.9±0.3)g)进行2周的驯化,以1℃.h-1的变温速率连续观测实验鱼的耐受温度,各驯化温度下的最...为了研究不同驯化温度对南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis Chen)幼鱼热耐受性特征的影响,在水温为10℃、20℃和30℃的条件下,对南方鲇幼鱼((16.9±0.3)g)进行2周的驯化,以1℃.h-1的变温速率连续观测实验鱼的耐受温度,各驯化温度下的最大临界温度(CTmax)、最大致死温度(LTmax)、最小临界温度(CTmin)和最小致死温度(LTmin)分别为34.13℃、38.22℃、39.41℃;34.84℃、38.63℃、39.53℃;4.88℃、5.90℃、9.80℃;4.12℃、5.03℃、8.29℃。结果表明:最大临界温度和最大致死温度随驯化温度的升高而增大,最小临界温度和最小致死温度随驯化温度的降低而减小;经计算,南方鲇幼鱼在各驯化温度下的温度耐受幅分别为29.25℃、32.32℃和29.61℃;在10℃～20℃的驯化温度范围内高、低温驯化反应率分别为0.41和0.12,而在20℃～30℃驯化温度范围内高、低温驯化反应率分别为0.10和0.39;热耐受区域面积为617.5℃2;证明南方鲇幼鱼的热耐受性明显有赖于驯化温度。展开更多
为研究黄茅海常见经济物种的热耐受性,采用动态实验法和静态实验法,研究了褐篮子鱼、褐菖鲉、褐石斑鱼、口虾蛄和日本蟳在不同基础水温(即驯化温度,14.0、18.0、24.0和30.8°C)和温升速率(0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、6.0、9.0、12.0...为研究黄茅海常见经济物种的热耐受性,采用动态实验法和静态实验法,研究了褐篮子鱼、褐菖鲉、褐石斑鱼、口虾蛄和日本蟳在不同基础水温(即驯化温度,14.0、18.0、24.0和30.8°C)和温升速率(0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、6.0、9.0、12.0和15.0°C/h)条件下的热耐受能力[最大临界温度(CTM)和24 h高起始致死温度(24 h UILT50)]。动态实验结果表明,基础水温和温升速率显著影响实验动物的热耐受能力,即实验动物的耐热性与基础水温呈正相关。温升速率对其热耐受性的影响受基础水温的制约:在4个基础水温条件下,随着温升速率的升高,实验动物的CTM总体呈上升趋势。静态实验结果表明,实验动物的24 h UILT50受物种差异和基础水温的影响显著。随着基础水温从14.0°C升高至30.8°C,褐篮子鱼、褐菖鲉、褐石斑鱼、口虾蛄和日本蟳的24 h UILT50分别从28.1、28.9、30.3、28.4和36.3°C显著上升至34.6、36.1、36.6、35.1和38.2°C。动态实验法和静态实验法分析发现,5种实验动物的热耐受能力依次为日本蟳>褐石斑鱼>褐菖鲉>口虾蛄>褐篮子鱼。展开更多
GSH system plays a role in the control of the redox balance state, anti-oxidation and protecting life from injury of ROS （ reactive oxygen species）. In present paper, the possible GSH system of Chlamydomonas sp. ICE...GSH system plays a role in the control of the redox balance state, anti-oxidation and protecting life from injury of ROS （ reactive oxygen species）. In present paper, the possible GSH system of Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L has been investigated by evaluating GSH and GSH-related enzymatic responses at different temperatures using spectrophotometer methods. The results showed that the GSH system is correlated positively to low temperature, and other factors but GR are correlated negatively to high temperature. So GSH and GSH-related enzymes play an important role in the adaptation of Antarctic ice microalgae to low temperature.展开更多
Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determine...Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope,pyrosequencing,and microelectrodes,and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors（SBRs）at low temperatures was evaluated.A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet,in which Rudaea spp.（Xanthomonadaceae family）was an important bacterial component（23.44% of the total bacteria）.The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mg O2/（L·hr）,and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces（0–600μm）.The dosing of the pellets（30 m L/L）into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7–11℃,achieving an average NH4^＋–N removal of 84.09%,which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.展开更多
文摘为了研究不同驯化温度对南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis Chen)幼鱼热耐受性特征的影响,在水温为10℃、20℃和30℃的条件下,对南方鲇幼鱼((16.9±0.3)g)进行2周的驯化,以1℃.h-1的变温速率连续观测实验鱼的耐受温度,各驯化温度下的最大临界温度(CTmax)、最大致死温度(LTmax)、最小临界温度(CTmin)和最小致死温度(LTmin)分别为34.13℃、38.22℃、39.41℃;34.84℃、38.63℃、39.53℃;4.88℃、5.90℃、9.80℃;4.12℃、5.03℃、8.29℃。结果表明:最大临界温度和最大致死温度随驯化温度的升高而增大,最小临界温度和最小致死温度随驯化温度的降低而减小;经计算,南方鲇幼鱼在各驯化温度下的温度耐受幅分别为29.25℃、32.32℃和29.61℃;在10℃～20℃的驯化温度范围内高、低温驯化反应率分别为0.41和0.12,而在20℃～30℃驯化温度范围内高、低温驯化反应率分别为0.10和0.39;热耐受区域面积为617.5℃2;证明南方鲇幼鱼的热耐受性明显有赖于驯化温度。
文摘作者分别采用动态法和静态法两种实验方法,以石岛湾4种常见鱼类(许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)、大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)、褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)和矛尾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias))为研究对象,对比研究了在4个季节基础水温(5.0~26.0℃)和9个温升速率(0.5~15.0℃/h)下这些鱼类的热耐受性。结果表明,4种鱼类的CTM(最大临界温度)和24 h UILT_(50)(24 h高起始致死温度)均与基础水温呈显著正相关,温升速率对鱼类耐热性的影响因鱼种和季节基础温度而异;相同基础水温下4种实验鱼类的CTM值均高于24 h UILT_(50)。4种鱼类的24 h UILT50依次为:矛尾虎鱼>许氏平鲉>褐菖鲉>大泷六线鱼。
文摘为研究黄茅海常见经济物种的热耐受性,采用动态实验法和静态实验法,研究了褐篮子鱼、褐菖鲉、褐石斑鱼、口虾蛄和日本蟳在不同基础水温(即驯化温度,14.0、18.0、24.0和30.8°C)和温升速率(0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、6.0、9.0、12.0和15.0°C/h)条件下的热耐受能力[最大临界温度(CTM)和24 h高起始致死温度(24 h UILT50)]。动态实验结果表明,基础水温和温升速率显著影响实验动物的热耐受能力,即实验动物的耐热性与基础水温呈正相关。温升速率对其热耐受性的影响受基础水温的制约:在4个基础水温条件下,随着温升速率的升高,实验动物的CTM总体呈上升趋势。静态实验结果表明,实验动物的24 h UILT50受物种差异和基础水温的影响显著。随着基础水温从14.0°C升高至30.8°C,褐篮子鱼、褐菖鲉、褐石斑鱼、口虾蛄和日本蟳的24 h UILT50分别从28.1、28.9、30.3、28.4和36.3°C显著上升至34.6、36.1、36.6、35.1和38.2°C。动态实验法和静态实验法分析发现,5种实验动物的热耐受能力依次为日本蟳>褐石斑鱼>褐菖鲉>口虾蛄>褐篮子鱼。
文摘本研究采用动态温升实验方法,以矛尾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)、许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)、口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)和日本蟳(Charybdis japonica)为研究对象,研究了5个基础水温(8.0、14.0、18.0、24.0和28.0℃)和9个温升速率(0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、6.0、9.0、12.0和15.0℃/h)下4种海洋生物的半致死温度(Lethal temperature of 50%,LT_(50))。结果显示,基础水温和温升速率均能显著(P<0.05)影响实验生物的LT_(50)。特定温升速率下实验生物LT_(50)与基础水温呈正相关,即各个实验生物的LT_(50)随着基础水温的升高而升高。温升速率对实验生物LT_(50)的影响因基础水温和物种而异。本研究在动态温升实验中结合使用不同基础水温和多个温升速率,构建了海洋生物重要的热耐受性评价指标LT_(50),可广泛应用于海洋生物的热耐受性评价。
文摘GSH system plays a role in the control of the redox balance state, anti-oxidation and protecting life from injury of ROS （ reactive oxygen species）. In present paper, the possible GSH system of Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L has been investigated by evaluating GSH and GSH-related enzymatic responses at different temperatures using spectrophotometer methods. The results showed that the GSH system is correlated positively to low temperature, and other factors but GR are correlated negatively to high temperature. So GSH and GSH-related enzymes play an important role in the adaptation of Antarctic ice microalgae to low temperature.
基金the Major Projects of National Water Pollution Control and Management Technology of China(No.2013ZX07312001-01)the Projects of Wenzhou Key Science and Technology Innovation Team of China(No.C20120007)
文摘Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope,pyrosequencing,and microelectrodes,and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors（SBRs）at low temperatures was evaluated.A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet,in which Rudaea spp.（Xanthomonadaceae family）was an important bacterial component（23.44% of the total bacteria）.The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mg O2/（L·hr）,and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces（0–600μm）.The dosing of the pellets（30 m L/L）into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7–11℃,achieving an average NH4^＋–N removal of 84.09%,which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.
