Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial properties ot Allium sativum(garlic) cloves and Zingiber officinale(ginger) rhizomes against multi-drug resistant clinical pathogens causing nosocomial infection.Methods:The clo...Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial properties ot Allium sativum(garlic) cloves and Zingiber officinale(ginger) rhizomes against multi-drug resistant clinical pathogens causing nosocomial infection.Methods:The cloves of garlic and rhizomes of ginger were extracted with 95%(v/v) ethanol.The ethanolic extracts were subjected to antibacterial sensitivity test against clinical pathogens.Results:Anti-bacterial potentials of the extracts of two crude garlic cloves and ginger rhizomes were tested against five gram negative and two gram positive multi-drug resistant bacteria isolates.All the bacterial isolates were susceptible to crude extracts of both plants extracts.Except Enterobacter sp.and Klebsiella sp.,all other isolates were susceptible when subjected to ethanolic extracts of garlic and ginger.The highest inhibition zone was observed with garlic(19.4S mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa).The minimal inhibitory concentration was as low as 67.00 μg/mL against P.aeruginosa.Conclusions:Natural spices of garlic and ginger possess effective anti-bacterial activity against multi-drug clinical pathogens and can be used for prevention of drug resistant microbial diseases and further evaluation is necessary.展开更多
Two new diaryheptanoids, (5S)-5-acetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3- heptanone (1) and (3S,5S)-3,5-diacetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptane (2) were isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officina...Two new diaryheptanoids, (5S)-5-acetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3- heptanone (1) and (3S,5S)-3,5-diacetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptane (2) were isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： The present study is aimed at evaluating the protective effects of oils from Zingiber officinale （ginger） and Curcuma Ionga （turmeric） on acute ethanol-induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats. METHODS...OBJECTIVE： The present study is aimed at evaluating the protective effects of oils from Zingiber officinale （ginger） and Curcuma Ionga （turmeric） on acute ethanol-induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats. METHODS： Ferric reducing antioxidant power activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity of the oils were evaluated ex vivo. Rats were pretreated for 28 d with standard drug （Livolin Forte） and oils from Z. officinale and C. Ionga before they were exposed to 45% ethanol （4.8 g/kg） to induce acute fatty liver. Histological changes were observed and the degree of protection was measured by using biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Serum triglyceride （TG） level, total cholesterol （TC） level and the effects of both oils on reduced gluthatione （GSH）, glutathione-S- transferase （GST）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） levels were estimated. RESULTS： Oils from Z. officinale and C. Ionga at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed hepatoprotection by decreasing the activities of serum enzymes, serum TG, serum TC and hepatic MDA, while they significantly restored the level of GSH as well as GST and SOD activities. Histological examination of rats tissues was related to the obtained results. CONCLUSION： From the results it may be concluded that oils from Z. officinale and C. Ionga （200 mg/kg） exhibited hepatoprotective activity in acute ethanol-induced fatty liver and Z. officinale oil was identified to have better effects than C. Ionga oil.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. In the present study, the effect of ginger （rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe） volatile oil on a rat model ...OBJECTIVE： Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. In the present study, the effect of ginger （rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe） volatile oil on a rat model of colitis was evaluated. METHODS： Volatile oil of ginger with doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, prednisolone （4 mg/kg）, or vehicle were administered orally to groups of male Wistar rats （n = 6） for 5 d. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 2 mL of 4% （v/v） acetic acid solution. All rats were sacrificed 24 h later and the tissue injuries were assessed macroscopically and histopathologically. RESULTS： Ginger volatile oil with all doses reduced colon weight/length ratio （P 〈 0.01） and the effects were similar to the reference drugs. Higher oral doses of volatile oil （200 and 400 mg/kg） reduced ulcer severity （P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01）, ulcer area （P 〈 0.01） and ulcer index （P 〈 0.01）. On the other hand, evaluation of microscopic scores showed that the dose of 400 mg/kg of volatile oil was effective to reduce inflammation severity （P 〈 0.01） and inflammation extent （P 〈 0.05） compared to the control group. CONCLUSION： It is concluded that ginger volatile oil could effectively reduce symptoms of experimental colitis in a dose-dependent manner.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils of Curcuma aeruginosa (C.aeruginosa),Curcuma mangga(C.mangga),and Zingiber cassumunar(Z.cassumunar). and study their antimicrobial activity.Methods:E...Objective:To analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils of Curcuma aeruginosa (C.aeruginosa),Curcuma mangga(C.mangga),and Zingiber cassumunar(Z.cassumunar). and study their antimicrobial activity.Methods:Essential oils obtained by steam distillation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass speclrometry(GC-MS).The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against four bacteria:Bacillus cereus(H.cereus).Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).Escherichia coli(E.coli).and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa);and two fungi:Candida albicans(C.albicans) and Cyptococcus neoformans(C.neoformans),using disc-diffusion and broth microdilution methods.Results:Cycloisolongifolene,8.9-dehydro-9- formyl(35.29%) and dihydrocoslunolide(22.51%) were the major compounds in C.aeruginosa oil; whereas caryophyllene oxide(18.71%) and caryophyllene(12.69%) were the major compounds in C.mangga oil:and 2,6.9,9-tetramethyl-2.6.10-cycloundecatrien-1-one(60.77%) andα-caryophyllene(23.92%) were abundant in Z.cassumunar oil.The essential oils displayed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity against all lested microorganisms.C.mangga oil had the highest and most broad-spectrum activity by inhibiting all microorganisms tested,with C.neoformans being the most sensitive microorganism by having the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) values of 0.1μL/mL. C.aeruginosa oil showed mild antimicrobial activity,whereas Z.cassumunar had very low or weak activity against the tested microorganisms.Conclusions:The preliminary results suggest promising antimicrobial properties of C.mangga and C.aeruginosa,which may be useful for food preservation,pharmaceutical treatment and natural therapies.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the larvicidal and repellent properties of essential oils from various parts of four plant species Cymbopogan citrates,Cinnamomum zeylanicum,Rosmarinus of ficinalis and Zingiber of ficinale ag...Objective:To investigate the larvicidal and repellent properties of essential oils from various parts of four plant species Cymbopogan citrates,Cinnamomum zeylanicum,Rosmarinus of ficinalis and Zingiber of ficinale against Culex tritaeniorhynchus（Cx.tritaeniorhynchus） and Anopheles subpictus（An.subpktus）.Methods:Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation method.The mosquitoes were reared in the vector control laboratory and twenty five late third ins tar larvae of Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpictus were exposed to based on the wide range and narrow range test,essential oil tested at various concentrations ranging from 25 to 250 ppm.The larval mortality was observed after 24 h under the laboratory conditions.The repellent efficacy was determined against two mosquito species at three concentrations viz., 1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> under laboratory conditions.Results:Results showed all the four plant essential oil produced significant larval mortality against two mosquito species.However,the highest larvicidal activity was observed in the essential oil from Zingiber of ficinale against Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpktus with the LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values as 98.83,57.98 ppm and 186.55, 104.23 ppm,respectively.All the four essential oil shows significant repellency against Cx. tritaeniorhynchus than An.subpktus.Among four essential oil tested the highest repellency was observed in Zingiber of ficinale,a higher concentration of 5.0 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> provided 100%protection up to 150 and 180 min against Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpktus,respectively.Conclusions: In this work,it can be concluded that four essential oils which were distilled from Cymbopogan citrates,Cinnamomum zeylanicum,Rosmarinus of ficinalis and Zingiber of ficinale showed promising larvicidal and repellent agent against Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpktus.展开更多
A new cyclic diarylheptanoid, 1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-（3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl）-7-（4-hydroxyphenyl）-heptane （1）, as well as a new monoterpene, 10-O-β-n-glucopyranosyl-hydroxy cineole （2） were isolated fro...A new cyclic diarylheptanoid, 1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-（3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl）-7-（4-hydroxyphenyl）-heptane （1）, as well as a new monoterpene, 10-O-β-n-glucopyranosyl-hydroxy cineole （2） were isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were established based on their spectral data. In addition, the antioxidant activities of these compounds were also measured.展开更多
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important culinary and medicinal spice but is rarely cultivated due to the unavailability of seeds. Given the difficulties in adapting to plantlets produced in natural environ...Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important culinary and medicinal spice but is rarely cultivated due to the unavailability of seeds. Given the difficulties in adapting to plantlets produced in natural environments, it is important to analyze the survival conditions of ginger plantlets. For this reason, we varied the incubation temperature and humidity as well as the substrate during the weaning phase. Then, we varied the nutrients contained in the watering solution during the hardening phase. The statistical analysis showed that physical factors and substrates significantly influenced (p < 0.0001) plantlet survival. Nutrient solutions significantly influenced the phylogenesis, rhizogenesis, and height growth of the plantlets. The suitable physical factors for good development of plantlets are a temperature of 26.54˚C and a humidity of 96.16%. The 1C2T2TC substrate (1 Compost + 2 Soil + 2 Coconut Peat) had a significant survival rate of approximately 92.5%. During hardening, the Plantzym solution promoted good growth in terms of plantlet height (0.6 cm) and good development of roots (30 roots) and leaves (03 leaves). This work will make it possible to develop a technical seed production sheet for better development of ginger cultivation in Benin.展开更多
为了开发利用生姜中黄酮类化合物,选取生姜为原料,采用超声波辅助提取技术,以乙醇为溶剂,乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声强度及超声温度为主要考察因素,通过L18(37)正交实验,确定了超声辅助提取生姜中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺为:...为了开发利用生姜中黄酮类化合物,选取生姜为原料,采用超声波辅助提取技术,以乙醇为溶剂,乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声强度及超声温度为主要考察因素,通过L18(37)正交实验,确定了超声辅助提取生姜中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺为:以90%的乙醇水溶液为溶剂,在温度80℃,超声波强度80 Hz,料液比1∶20,提取时间50 m in的条件下提取2次,提取效率最高.采用滤纸片法研究了黄酮提取液对不同菌株的抑菌能力,结果表明,生姜黄酮对4种供试菌均有一定的抑菌效果,且对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌的抑菌效果没有明显差异.展开更多
The bioassay was directed to the fractionation of the methanol extract of the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe leading to the isolation of a new antioxidant cyclic diarylheptanoid. The structure of the new compo...The bioassay was directed to the fractionation of the methanol extract of the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe leading to the isolation of a new antioxidant cyclic diarylheptanoid. The structure of the new compound was established as 1, 5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-phenyl)-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) heptane (1) on the basis of MS, 1D and 2D-NMR experiments.展开更多
基金financrally supported by K.S.Rangasamy College of Arts and Science.Kuchipalayam,Tiruchengodr.Tamil Nadu,India(grant No.KSRCAS/PG/MB/0010 dt.10.11.2010)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial properties ot Allium sativum(garlic) cloves and Zingiber officinale(ginger) rhizomes against multi-drug resistant clinical pathogens causing nosocomial infection.Methods:The cloves of garlic and rhizomes of ginger were extracted with 95%(v/v) ethanol.The ethanolic extracts were subjected to antibacterial sensitivity test against clinical pathogens.Results:Anti-bacterial potentials of the extracts of two crude garlic cloves and ginger rhizomes were tested against five gram negative and two gram positive multi-drug resistant bacteria isolates.All the bacterial isolates were susceptible to crude extracts of both plants extracts.Except Enterobacter sp.and Klebsiella sp.,all other isolates were susceptible when subjected to ethanolic extracts of garlic and ginger.The highest inhibition zone was observed with garlic(19.4S mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa).The minimal inhibitory concentration was as low as 67.00 μg/mL against P.aeruginosa.Conclusions:Natural spices of garlic and ginger possess effective anti-bacterial activity against multi-drug clinical pathogens and can be used for prevention of drug resistant microbial diseases and further evaluation is necessary.
文摘Two new diaryheptanoids, (5S)-5-acetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3- heptanone (1) and (3S,5S)-3,5-diacetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptane (2) were isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods.
文摘OBJECTIVE： The present study is aimed at evaluating the protective effects of oils from Zingiber officinale （ginger） and Curcuma Ionga （turmeric） on acute ethanol-induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats. METHODS： Ferric reducing antioxidant power activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity of the oils were evaluated ex vivo. Rats were pretreated for 28 d with standard drug （Livolin Forte） and oils from Z. officinale and C. Ionga before they were exposed to 45% ethanol （4.8 g/kg） to induce acute fatty liver. Histological changes were observed and the degree of protection was measured by using biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Serum triglyceride （TG） level, total cholesterol （TC） level and the effects of both oils on reduced gluthatione （GSH）, glutathione-S- transferase （GST）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） levels were estimated. RESULTS： Oils from Z. officinale and C. Ionga at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed hepatoprotection by decreasing the activities of serum enzymes, serum TG, serum TC and hepatic MDA, while they significantly restored the level of GSH as well as GST and SOD activities. Histological examination of rats tissues was related to the obtained results. CONCLUSION： From the results it may be concluded that oils from Z. officinale and C. Ionga （200 mg/kg） exhibited hepatoprotective activity in acute ethanol-induced fatty liver and Z. officinale oil was identified to have better effects than C. Ionga oil.
文摘OBJECTIVE： Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. In the present study, the effect of ginger （rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe） volatile oil on a rat model of colitis was evaluated. METHODS： Volatile oil of ginger with doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, prednisolone （4 mg/kg）, or vehicle were administered orally to groups of male Wistar rats （n = 6） for 5 d. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 2 mL of 4% （v/v） acetic acid solution. All rats were sacrificed 24 h later and the tissue injuries were assessed macroscopically and histopathologically. RESULTS： Ginger volatile oil with all doses reduced colon weight/length ratio （P 〈 0.01） and the effects were similar to the reference drugs. Higher oral doses of volatile oil （200 and 400 mg/kg） reduced ulcer severity （P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01）, ulcer area （P 〈 0.01） and ulcer index （P 〈 0.01）. On the other hand, evaluation of microscopic scores showed that the dose of 400 mg/kg of volatile oil was effective to reduce inflammation severity （P 〈 0.01） and inflammation extent （P 〈 0.05） compared to the control group. CONCLUSION： It is concluded that ginger volatile oil could effectively reduce symptoms of experimental colitis in a dose-dependent manner.
基金the Kulliyyah of Science,International Islamic University Malaysia for providing financial support and research facilities to accomplish this study,and Dr.Shamsul Khamis of Universiti Putra Malaysia for plant identification
文摘Objective:To analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils of Curcuma aeruginosa (C.aeruginosa),Curcuma mangga(C.mangga),and Zingiber cassumunar(Z.cassumunar). and study their antimicrobial activity.Methods:Essential oils obtained by steam distillation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass speclrometry(GC-MS).The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against four bacteria:Bacillus cereus(H.cereus).Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).Escherichia coli(E.coli).and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa);and two fungi:Candida albicans(C.albicans) and Cyptococcus neoformans(C.neoformans),using disc-diffusion and broth microdilution methods.Results:Cycloisolongifolene,8.9-dehydro-9- formyl(35.29%) and dihydrocoslunolide(22.51%) were the major compounds in C.aeruginosa oil; whereas caryophyllene oxide(18.71%) and caryophyllene(12.69%) were the major compounds in C.mangga oil:and 2,6.9,9-tetramethyl-2.6.10-cycloundecatrien-1-one(60.77%) andα-caryophyllene(23.92%) were abundant in Z.cassumunar oil.The essential oils displayed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity against all lested microorganisms.C.mangga oil had the highest and most broad-spectrum activity by inhibiting all microorganisms tested,with C.neoformans being the most sensitive microorganism by having the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) values of 0.1μL/mL. C.aeruginosa oil showed mild antimicrobial activity,whereas Z.cassumunar had very low or weak activity against the tested microorganisms.Conclusions:The preliminary results suggest promising antimicrobial properties of C.mangga and C.aeruginosa,which may be useful for food preservation,pharmaceutical treatment and natural therapies.
文摘Objective:To investigate the larvicidal and repellent properties of essential oils from various parts of four plant species Cymbopogan citrates,Cinnamomum zeylanicum,Rosmarinus of ficinalis and Zingiber of ficinale against Culex tritaeniorhynchus（Cx.tritaeniorhynchus） and Anopheles subpictus（An.subpktus）.Methods:Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation method.The mosquitoes were reared in the vector control laboratory and twenty five late third ins tar larvae of Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpictus were exposed to based on the wide range and narrow range test,essential oil tested at various concentrations ranging from 25 to 250 ppm.The larval mortality was observed after 24 h under the laboratory conditions.The repellent efficacy was determined against two mosquito species at three concentrations viz., 1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> under laboratory conditions.Results:Results showed all the four plant essential oil produced significant larval mortality against two mosquito species.However,the highest larvicidal activity was observed in the essential oil from Zingiber of ficinale against Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpktus with the LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values as 98.83,57.98 ppm and 186.55, 104.23 ppm,respectively.All the four essential oil shows significant repellency against Cx. tritaeniorhynchus than An.subpktus.Among four essential oil tested the highest repellency was observed in Zingiber of ficinale,a higher concentration of 5.0 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> provided 100%protection up to 150 and 180 min against Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpktus,respectively.Conclusions: In this work,it can be concluded that four essential oils which were distilled from Cymbopogan citrates,Cinnamomum zeylanicum,Rosmarinus of ficinalis and Zingiber of ficinale showed promising larvicidal and repellent agent against Cx.tritaeniorhynchus and An.subpktus.
文摘A new cyclic diarylheptanoid, 1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-（3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl）-7-（4-hydroxyphenyl）-heptane （1）, as well as a new monoterpene, 10-O-β-n-glucopyranosyl-hydroxy cineole （2） were isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were established based on their spectral data. In addition, the antioxidant activities of these compounds were also measured.
文摘Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important culinary and medicinal spice but is rarely cultivated due to the unavailability of seeds. Given the difficulties in adapting to plantlets produced in natural environments, it is important to analyze the survival conditions of ginger plantlets. For this reason, we varied the incubation temperature and humidity as well as the substrate during the weaning phase. Then, we varied the nutrients contained in the watering solution during the hardening phase. The statistical analysis showed that physical factors and substrates significantly influenced (p < 0.0001) plantlet survival. Nutrient solutions significantly influenced the phylogenesis, rhizogenesis, and height growth of the plantlets. The suitable physical factors for good development of plantlets are a temperature of 26.54˚C and a humidity of 96.16%. The 1C2T2TC substrate (1 Compost + 2 Soil + 2 Coconut Peat) had a significant survival rate of approximately 92.5%. During hardening, the Plantzym solution promoted good growth in terms of plantlet height (0.6 cm) and good development of roots (30 roots) and leaves (03 leaves). This work will make it possible to develop a technical seed production sheet for better development of ginger cultivation in Benin.
文摘为了开发利用生姜中黄酮类化合物,选取生姜为原料,采用超声波辅助提取技术,以乙醇为溶剂,乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声强度及超声温度为主要考察因素,通过L18(37)正交实验,确定了超声辅助提取生姜中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺为:以90%的乙醇水溶液为溶剂,在温度80℃,超声波强度80 Hz,料液比1∶20,提取时间50 m in的条件下提取2次,提取效率最高.采用滤纸片法研究了黄酮提取液对不同菌株的抑菌能力,结果表明,生姜黄酮对4种供试菌均有一定的抑菌效果,且对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌的抑菌效果没有明显差异.
文摘The bioassay was directed to the fractionation of the methanol extract of the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe leading to the isolation of a new antioxidant cyclic diarylheptanoid. The structure of the new compound was established as 1, 5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-phenyl)-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) heptane (1) on the basis of MS, 1D and 2D-NMR experiments.
