The driving factors of runoff changes can be divided into precipitationfactor and non-precipitation factor, and they can also be divided into natural factor and humanactivity factor. In this paper, the ways and method...The driving factors of runoff changes can be divided into precipitationfactor and non-precipitation factor, and they can also be divided into natural factor and humanactivity factor. In this paper, the ways and methods of these driving factors impacting on runoffchanges are analyzed at first, and then according to the relationship between precipitation andrunoff, the analytical method about impacts of precipitation and non-precipitation factors onbasin's natural runoff is derived. The amount and contribution rates of the two factors impacting onnatural runoff between every two adjacent decades during 1956-1998 are calculated in the YellowRiver Basin (YRB). The results show that the amount and contribution rate of the two factorsimpacting on natural runoff are different in different periods and regions. For the YRB, thenon-precipitation impact is preponderant for natural runoff reduction after the 1970s. Finally, bychoosing main factors impacting on the natural runoff, one error back-propagation (BP) artificialneural network (ANN) model has been set up, and the impact of human activities on natural runoffreduction in the YRB is simulated. The result shows that the human activities could cause a 77 x10^8 m^3·a^(-1) reduction of runoff during 1980-1998 according to the climate background of1956-1979.展开更多
基金“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目“农田水分生产潜力及适度开发研究”(2006BAD29B01)“十一五”国家863项目“山西半干旱区现代节水农业技术研究与集成”(2006AA100220)+2 种基金“十一五”国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2007FY120100)Challenge Programon Water & Food“Conservation agriculture for the dry-land areas of the Yellow River Basin”农业部“保护性耕作对地力及作物生长影响的机理研究”项目
文摘The driving factors of runoff changes can be divided into precipitationfactor and non-precipitation factor, and they can also be divided into natural factor and humanactivity factor. In this paper, the ways and methods of these driving factors impacting on runoffchanges are analyzed at first, and then according to the relationship between precipitation andrunoff, the analytical method about impacts of precipitation and non-precipitation factors onbasin's natural runoff is derived. The amount and contribution rates of the two factors impacting onnatural runoff between every two adjacent decades during 1956-1998 are calculated in the YellowRiver Basin (YRB). The results show that the amount and contribution rate of the two factorsimpacting on natural runoff are different in different periods and regions. For the YRB, thenon-precipitation impact is preponderant for natural runoff reduction after the 1970s. Finally, bychoosing main factors impacting on the natural runoff, one error back-propagation (BP) artificialneural network (ANN) model has been set up, and the impact of human activities on natural runoffreduction in the YRB is simulated. The result shows that the human activities could cause a 77 x10^8 m^3·a^(-1) reduction of runoff during 1980-1998 according to the climate background of1956-1979.
