本试验旨在研究不同添加比例发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代育肥牛屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响。试验选取20头12~15月龄健康湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代公牛,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头...本试验旨在研究不同添加比例发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代育肥牛屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响。试验选取20头12~15月龄健康湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代公牛,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头牛。各组饲粮中发酵桑叶添加比例分别为0(CG组,对照组)、10%(LG组)、20%(MG组)和30%(HG组)。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)HG组屠宰率和净肉率为59.07%、47.35%,屠宰率比CG、LG和MG组分别提高了0.64%、1.89%和1.00%,净肉率分别提高了0.47%、0.58%和0.41%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。与CG组相比,LG、MG和HG组眼肌面积分别提高了10.21、9.97、11.97 cm 2。2)各组间肌肉干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。HG组肌肉剪切力显著低于CG、LG和MG组(P<0.05),HG组肌肉滴水率显著高于CG、LG和MG组(P<0.05),LG、MG组肉肌肉失水率显著低于CG和HG组(P<0.05)。3)各组间肌肉中总氨基酸和脂肪酸含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。HG组肌肉中苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、酪氨酸含量显著高于CG、LG和MG组(P<0.05),HG组的肌肉必需氨基酸评分更接近联合国粮农组织(FAO)理想模式。由此可见,饲粮中添加发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代公牛的屠宰性能、肉品质以及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的提升有一定的促进作用。展开更多
Background：The experiment evaluated the effect of nutrition levels and sex on the growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus × Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle.Methods：During the backg...Background：The experiment evaluated the effect of nutrition levels and sex on the growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus × Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle.Methods：During the background period of 184 d,23 steers and 24 heifers were fed the same ration,then put into a2×2×2 factorial arrangement under two levels of- dietary energy（TON：70/80%DM）,protein（CP：11.9/14.3%DM）and sex（S：male/female） during the finishing phase of 146 d.The treatments were-（1） high energy/low protein（HELP）,（2） high energy/high protein（HEHP）,（3） low energy/low protein（LELP） and（4） low energy/high protein（LEHP）.Each treatment used 6 steers and 6 heifers,except for HELP- 5 steers and 6 heifers.Results：Growth rate and final carcass weight were unaffected by dietary energy and protein levels or by sex.Compared with the LE diet group,the HE group had significantly lower dry matter intake（DMI,6.76 vs.7.48 kg DM/d）,greater chest girth increments（46.1 vs.36.8 cm）,higher carcass fat（19.9 vs.16.3%） and intramuscular fat content（29.9 vs.22.8%DM）.The HE group also had improved yields of top and medium top grade commercial meat cuts（39.9 vs.36.5%）.The dressing percentage was higher for the HP group than the LP group（53.4 vs.54.9%）.Steers had a greater length increment（9.0 vs.8.3 cm）,but lower carcass fat content（16.8 vs.19.4%） than heifers.The meat quality traits（shear force value,drip loss,cooking loss and water holding capacity） were not affected by treatments or sex,averaging 3.14 kg,2.5,31.5 and 52.9%,respectively.The nutritive profiles（both fatty and amino acid composition） were not influenced by the energy or protein levels or by sex.Conclusions：The dietary energy and protein levels and sex significantly influenced the carcass characteristics and chemical composition of meat but not thegrowth performance,meat quality traits and nutritive profiles.展开更多
文摘本试验旨在研究不同添加比例发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代育肥牛屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响。试验选取20头12~15月龄健康湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代公牛,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头牛。各组饲粮中发酵桑叶添加比例分别为0(CG组,对照组)、10%(LG组)、20%(MG组)和30%(HG组)。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)HG组屠宰率和净肉率为59.07%、47.35%,屠宰率比CG、LG和MG组分别提高了0.64%、1.89%和1.00%,净肉率分别提高了0.47%、0.58%和0.41%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。与CG组相比,LG、MG和HG组眼肌面积分别提高了10.21、9.97、11.97 cm 2。2)各组间肌肉干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。HG组肌肉剪切力显著低于CG、LG和MG组(P<0.05),HG组肌肉滴水率显著高于CG、LG和MG组(P<0.05),LG、MG组肉肌肉失水率显著低于CG和HG组(P<0.05)。3)各组间肌肉中总氨基酸和脂肪酸含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。HG组肌肉中苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、酪氨酸含量显著高于CG、LG和MG组(P<0.05),HG组的肌肉必需氨基酸评分更接近联合国粮农组织(FAO)理想模式。由此可见,饲粮中添加发酵桑叶对湘西黄牛×利木赞杂交F1代公牛的屠宰性能、肉品质以及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的提升有一定的促进作用。
基金the National Beef Cattle Industry and Technology System for their financial support
文摘Background：The experiment evaluated the effect of nutrition levels and sex on the growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus × Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle.Methods：During the background period of 184 d,23 steers and 24 heifers were fed the same ration,then put into a2×2×2 factorial arrangement under two levels of- dietary energy（TON：70/80%DM）,protein（CP：11.9/14.3%DM）and sex（S：male/female） during the finishing phase of 146 d.The treatments were-（1） high energy/low protein（HELP）,（2） high energy/high protein（HEHP）,（3） low energy/low protein（LELP） and（4） low energy/high protein（LEHP）.Each treatment used 6 steers and 6 heifers,except for HELP- 5 steers and 6 heifers.Results：Growth rate and final carcass weight were unaffected by dietary energy and protein levels or by sex.Compared with the LE diet group,the HE group had significantly lower dry matter intake（DMI,6.76 vs.7.48 kg DM/d）,greater chest girth increments（46.1 vs.36.8 cm）,higher carcass fat（19.9 vs.16.3%） and intramuscular fat content（29.9 vs.22.8%DM）.The HE group also had improved yields of top and medium top grade commercial meat cuts（39.9 vs.36.5%）.The dressing percentage was higher for the HP group than the LP group（53.4 vs.54.9%）.Steers had a greater length increment（9.0 vs.8.3 cm）,but lower carcass fat content（16.8 vs.19.4%） than heifers.The meat quality traits（shear force value,drip loss,cooking loss and water holding capacity） were not affected by treatments or sex,averaging 3.14 kg,2.5,31.5 and 52.9%,respectively.The nutritive profiles（both fatty and amino acid composition） were not influenced by the energy or protein levels or by sex.Conclusions：The dietary energy and protein levels and sex significantly influenced the carcass characteristics and chemical composition of meat but not thegrowth performance,meat quality traits and nutritive profiles.
