Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to...Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of this measurement and validate the value of quantitative computed tomography （QCT） by comparing CTXA results with DXA results in an elderly Chinese population. Methods One hundred and three females of 46 to 76 years old and 49 males of 52 to 76 years old were recruited from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study. All subjects underwent hip scans by both QCT and DXA on the same day. For precision determination, 30 subjects had duplicate DXA hip scans. The hip QCT data of a subset of 27 subjects were separately analyzed by two observers and reanalyzed by one observer at a different time. The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA measurement were assessed, and the difference and correlation between CTXA and DXA results were analyzed. Results The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA were 0.070 and 0.024 g/cm^2 in the femoral neck （FN）, and 0.030 and 0.012 g/cm2 in the total hip （TH）, which were comparable to the DXA inter-scan variations （0.013 g/cm2 for FN and 0.014 g/cm2 for TH）. The results of CTXA bone mineral density （BMD） were highly correlated with those of DXA （R2 = 0.810 for FN and R2 = 0.878 for TH）. The BMD values of CTXA in FN and TH were lower than those of DXA by 21.0% and 17.8% （P〈0.05）, respectively. However, after appropriate transformation, the difference was eliminated and a comparable T score could be obtained. Conclusions CTXA shows good agreement with DXA for the measurement of BMD in the proximal femur, which makes QCT suitable for the quantification of bone mineral content in the hip and helpful for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease and periarticular osteoporosis or osteopenia of the inflamed hand joints is an early feature of RA Quantitative measurement of hand bone loss may be an...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease and periarticular osteoporosis or osteopenia of the inflamed hand joints is an early feature of RA Quantitative measurement of hand bone loss may be an outcome measure for the detection of joint destruction and disease progression in early RA. This systematic review examines the published literature reporting hand bone mass in patients with RA, particularly those using the dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) methods The majority of the studies reported that hand bone loss is associated with disease activity, functional statusand radiological progression in early RA. Quantitative measurement of hand bone mineral density by DXA may be a useful and practical outcome measure in RA and may be predictive for radiographic progression or functional status in patients with early RA.展开更多
Background Recent studies suggest that bone marrow adipose tissue might play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. There are inconsistent findings on the relationship among marrow fat content, bone mineral densi...Background Recent studies suggest that bone marrow adipose tissue might play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. There are inconsistent findings on the relationship among marrow fat content, bone mineral density and apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC）. This study aimed to prospectively explore the efficacy of MR spectroscopy （MRS） and diffusion-weighted MR imaging （DWl） in detecting vertebral marrow changes in postmenopausal women with varying bone densities. Methods Both MRS and DWl of the lumber spine were performed in 102 postmenopausal women （mean age, （67.3±6.5） years; range, 55-83 years）, who underwent dual X-ray absorptiometry. Marrow fat content and ADC were compared and correlated among three groups： 24 with normal bone density, 31 with osteopenia and 47 with osteoporosis. Results Vertebral marrow fat content was significantly increased in the osteoporotic group （（65.60±7.68）%, P 〈0.001） and the osteopenic group （（57.68±6.45）%, P 〈0.001）, when compared with the normal bone density group （（51.67±3.27）%）. ADC values were significantly decreased in the osteoporotic group （（0.39±0.03）×10^-3mm^2/s, P 〈0.001） and in the osteopenic group （（0.42±0.02）×10^-3mm^2/s, P 〈0.001）, when compared with the normal bone density group （（0.47±0.03）×10^-3mm^2/s）. The marrow fat content negatively correlated with both bone density （r=-0.731, P 〈0.001） and marrow ADC （r=-0.572, P 〈0.001）. The bone density positively correlated with the ADC values （r=0.802, P 〈0.001）. Conclusions Postmenopausal women experience a corresponding increase in vertebral marrow fat content as the bone density decreases. Marrow fat content and ADC correlate to the bone density. MRS and DWl may indirectly assess the early bone marrow changes in postmenopausal women.展开更多
目的:应用定量CT(QCT)测量腰椎骨密度(BMD),分析不同年龄、生理时期女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪的相关性。方法:选取我院健康体检中心的体检女性300例,年龄25~85岁。根据年龄分为3组:青年组(n=82)、中年组(n=132)、老年组(n=86),根据不同生...目的:应用定量CT(QCT)测量腰椎骨密度(BMD),分析不同年龄、生理时期女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪的相关性。方法:选取我院健康体检中心的体检女性300例,年龄25~85岁。根据年龄分为3组:青年组(n=82)、中年组(n=132)、老年组(n=86),根据不同生理时期分为3组:绝经前组(n=169)、围绝经期组(n=33)、绝经后组(n=98);测量其体重、身高、腰围、臀围,并计算腰臀比、体重指数(BMI)。数据上传至Midways pro 6.1QCT分析系统,测量L 1~L 2椎体BMD、脐水平腹部脂肪面积(FA)、内脏脂肪面积(VFA),计算腰椎平均骨密度(vBMD)及腹壁脂肪面积(SFA)。分析不同年龄及不同生理时期女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪参数的相关性。结果:不同年龄组体重、臀围、腰围、腰臀比及BMI比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),围绝经期前后女性体重、腰围及腰臀比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年组和中年组的FA、VFA显著高于青年组,老年组的FA、VFA显著高于中年组,不同年龄组的vBMD、FA、VFA比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。青年组的vBMD与FA、VFA及SFA呈负相关,老年组的vBMD与BMI、VFA呈正相关(P<0.05)。绝经前组的vBMD显著高于绝经后组和围绝经期组,围绝经期组的vBMD显著高于绝经后组。绝经后组和围绝经期组的FA、VFA显著高于绝经前组;绝经前女性vBMD与VFA呈负相关,围绝经期女性vBMD与FA、VFA呈负相关,绝经后女性vBMD与VFA呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪组织的关系较为复杂,不同年龄段及不同生理时期两者关系各异,对于围绝经期而言,脂肪组织与雌激素可能共同参与对机体BMD的调节,因此需定期检测BMD及脂肪含量,对骨质疏松做到早发现、早干预,提高女性生活质量。展开更多
Background Hyperparathyroidism （HPT） occurs at an early age and has a high disability rate. Unfortunately, confirmed diagnosis in most patients is done at a very late stage, when the patients have shown typical symp...Background Hyperparathyroidism （HPT） occurs at an early age and has a high disability rate. Unfortunately, confirmed diagnosis in most patients is done at a very late stage, when the patients have shown typical symptoms and signs, and when treatment does not produce any desirable effect. It has become urgent to find a method that would detect early bone diseases in HPT to obtain time for the ideal treatment. This study evaluated the accuracy of high field magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） combined with spiral computed tomography （SCT） scan in detecting early bone diseases in HPT, through imaging techniques and histopathological examinations on an animal model of HPT. Methods Eighty adult rabbits were randomly divided into two groups with forty in each. The control group was fed normal diet （Ca：P = 1：0.7）; the experimental group was fed high phosphate diet （Ca：P = 1：7） for 3, 4, 5, or 6-month intervals to establish the animal model of HPT. The staging and imaging findings of the early bone diseases in HPT were determined by high field MRI and SCT scan at the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th month. Each rabbit was sacrificed after high field MRI and SCT scan, and the parathyroid and bones were removed for pathological examination to evaluate the accuracy of imaging diagnosis. Results Parathyroid histopathological studies revealed hyperplasia, osteoporosis and early cortical bone resorption. The bone diseases in HPT displayed different levels of low signal intensity on T1WI and low to intermediate signal intensity on T2WI in bone of stage 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ or Ⅲ, but showed correspondingly absent, probable, osteoporotic and subperiosteal cortical resorption on SCT scan. Conclusion High field MRI combined with SCT scan not only detects early bone diseases in HPT, but also indicates staging, and might be a reliable method of studying early bone diseases in HPT.展开更多
文摘Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of this measurement and validate the value of quantitative computed tomography （QCT） by comparing CTXA results with DXA results in an elderly Chinese population. Methods One hundred and three females of 46 to 76 years old and 49 males of 52 to 76 years old were recruited from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study. All subjects underwent hip scans by both QCT and DXA on the same day. For precision determination, 30 subjects had duplicate DXA hip scans. The hip QCT data of a subset of 27 subjects were separately analyzed by two observers and reanalyzed by one observer at a different time. The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA measurement were assessed, and the difference and correlation between CTXA and DXA results were analyzed. Results The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA were 0.070 and 0.024 g/cm^2 in the femoral neck （FN）, and 0.030 and 0.012 g/cm2 in the total hip （TH）, which were comparable to the DXA inter-scan variations （0.013 g/cm2 for FN and 0.014 g/cm2 for TH）. The results of CTXA bone mineral density （BMD） were highly correlated with those of DXA （R2 = 0.810 for FN and R2 = 0.878 for TH）. The BMD values of CTXA in FN and TH were lower than those of DXA by 21.0% and 17.8% （P〈0.05）, respectively. However, after appropriate transformation, the difference was eliminated and a comparable T score could be obtained. Conclusions CTXA shows good agreement with DXA for the measurement of BMD in the proximal femur, which makes QCT suitable for the quantification of bone mineral content in the hip and helpful for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease and periarticular osteoporosis or osteopenia of the inflamed hand joints is an early feature of RA Quantitative measurement of hand bone loss may be an outcome measure for the detection of joint destruction and disease progression in early RA. This systematic review examines the published literature reporting hand bone mass in patients with RA, particularly those using the dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) methods The majority of the studies reported that hand bone loss is associated with disease activity, functional statusand radiological progression in early RA. Quantitative measurement of hand bone mineral density by DXA may be a useful and practical outcome measure in RA and may be predictive for radiographic progression or functional status in patients with early RA.
文摘Background Recent studies suggest that bone marrow adipose tissue might play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. There are inconsistent findings on the relationship among marrow fat content, bone mineral density and apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC）. This study aimed to prospectively explore the efficacy of MR spectroscopy （MRS） and diffusion-weighted MR imaging （DWl） in detecting vertebral marrow changes in postmenopausal women with varying bone densities. Methods Both MRS and DWl of the lumber spine were performed in 102 postmenopausal women （mean age, （67.3±6.5） years; range, 55-83 years）, who underwent dual X-ray absorptiometry. Marrow fat content and ADC were compared and correlated among three groups： 24 with normal bone density, 31 with osteopenia and 47 with osteoporosis. Results Vertebral marrow fat content was significantly increased in the osteoporotic group （（65.60±7.68）%, P 〈0.001） and the osteopenic group （（57.68±6.45）%, P 〈0.001）, when compared with the normal bone density group （（51.67±3.27）%）. ADC values were significantly decreased in the osteoporotic group （（0.39±0.03）×10^-3mm^2/s, P 〈0.001） and in the osteopenic group （（0.42±0.02）×10^-3mm^2/s, P 〈0.001）, when compared with the normal bone density group （（0.47±0.03）×10^-3mm^2/s）. The marrow fat content negatively correlated with both bone density （r=-0.731, P 〈0.001） and marrow ADC （r=-0.572, P 〈0.001）. The bone density positively correlated with the ADC values （r=0.802, P 〈0.001）. Conclusions Postmenopausal women experience a corresponding increase in vertebral marrow fat content as the bone density decreases. Marrow fat content and ADC correlate to the bone density. MRS and DWl may indirectly assess the early bone marrow changes in postmenopausal women.
文摘目的:应用定量CT(QCT)测量腰椎骨密度(BMD),分析不同年龄、生理时期女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪的相关性。方法:选取我院健康体检中心的体检女性300例,年龄25~85岁。根据年龄分为3组:青年组(n=82)、中年组(n=132)、老年组(n=86),根据不同生理时期分为3组:绝经前组(n=169)、围绝经期组(n=33)、绝经后组(n=98);测量其体重、身高、腰围、臀围,并计算腰臀比、体重指数(BMI)。数据上传至Midways pro 6.1QCT分析系统,测量L 1~L 2椎体BMD、脐水平腹部脂肪面积(FA)、内脏脂肪面积(VFA),计算腰椎平均骨密度(vBMD)及腹壁脂肪面积(SFA)。分析不同年龄及不同生理时期女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪参数的相关性。结果:不同年龄组体重、臀围、腰围、腰臀比及BMI比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),围绝经期前后女性体重、腰围及腰臀比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年组和中年组的FA、VFA显著高于青年组,老年组的FA、VFA显著高于中年组,不同年龄组的vBMD、FA、VFA比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。青年组的vBMD与FA、VFA及SFA呈负相关,老年组的vBMD与BMI、VFA呈正相关(P<0.05)。绝经前组的vBMD显著高于绝经后组和围绝经期组,围绝经期组的vBMD显著高于绝经后组。绝经后组和围绝经期组的FA、VFA显著高于绝经前组;绝经前女性vBMD与VFA呈负相关,围绝经期女性vBMD与FA、VFA呈负相关,绝经后女性vBMD与VFA呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:女性腰椎BMD与腹部脂肪组织的关系较为复杂,不同年龄段及不同生理时期两者关系各异,对于围绝经期而言,脂肪组织与雌激素可能共同参与对机体BMD的调节,因此需定期检测BMD及脂肪含量,对骨质疏松做到早发现、早干预,提高女性生活质量。
文摘Background Hyperparathyroidism （HPT） occurs at an early age and has a high disability rate. Unfortunately, confirmed diagnosis in most patients is done at a very late stage, when the patients have shown typical symptoms and signs, and when treatment does not produce any desirable effect. It has become urgent to find a method that would detect early bone diseases in HPT to obtain time for the ideal treatment. This study evaluated the accuracy of high field magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） combined with spiral computed tomography （SCT） scan in detecting early bone diseases in HPT, through imaging techniques and histopathological examinations on an animal model of HPT. Methods Eighty adult rabbits were randomly divided into two groups with forty in each. The control group was fed normal diet （Ca：P = 1：0.7）; the experimental group was fed high phosphate diet （Ca：P = 1：7） for 3, 4, 5, or 6-month intervals to establish the animal model of HPT. The staging and imaging findings of the early bone diseases in HPT were determined by high field MRI and SCT scan at the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th month. Each rabbit was sacrificed after high field MRI and SCT scan, and the parathyroid and bones were removed for pathological examination to evaluate the accuracy of imaging diagnosis. Results Parathyroid histopathological studies revealed hyperplasia, osteoporosis and early cortical bone resorption. The bone diseases in HPT displayed different levels of low signal intensity on T1WI and low to intermediate signal intensity on T2WI in bone of stage 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ or Ⅲ, but showed correspondingly absent, probable, osteoporotic and subperiosteal cortical resorption on SCT scan. Conclusion High field MRI combined with SCT scan not only detects early bone diseases in HPT, but also indicates staging, and might be a reliable method of studying early bone diseases in HPT.
