TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention because of the low recombination rate of their photogenerated electron–hole pairs and their high photocatalytic efficiency.In this review,the...TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention because of the low recombination rate of their photogenerated electron–hole pairs and their high photocatalytic efficiency.In this review,the reaction mechanism of Z‐scheme photocatalysts,recent research progress in the application of TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts,and improved methods for photocatalytic performance enhancement are explored.Their applications,including water splitting,CO2reduction,decomposition of volatile organic compounds,and degradation of organic pollutants,are also described.The main factors affecting the photocatalytic performance of TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts,such as pH,conductive medium,cocatalyst,architecture,and mass ratio,are discussed.Concluding remarks are presented,and some suggestions for the future development of TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts are highlighted.展开更多
As one of the most appealing and attractive technologies, photocatalysis is widely used as a promising method to circumvent the environmental and energy problems. Due to its chemical stability and unique physicochemic...As one of the most appealing and attractive technologies, photocatalysis is widely used as a promising method to circumvent the environmental and energy problems. Due to its chemical stability and unique physicochemical, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has become research hotspots in the community. However, g-C3N4 photocatalyst still suffers from many problems, resulting in unsatisfactory photocatalytic activity such as low specific surface area, high charge recombination and insufficient visible light utilization. Since 2009, g-C3N4-based heterostructures have attracted the attention of scientists worldwide for their greatly enhanced photocatalytic performance. Overall, this review summarizes the recent advances of g-C3N4-based nanocomposites modified with transition metal sulfide (TMS), including (1) preparation of pristine g-C3N4,(2) modification strategies of g-C3N4,(3) design principles of TMS-modified g-C3N4 heterostructured photocatalysts, and (4) applications in energy conversion. What is more, the characteristics and transfer mechanisms of each classification of the metal sulfide heterojunction system will be critically reviewed, spanning from the following categories:(1) Type I heterojunction,(2) Type II heterojunction,(3) p-n heterojunction,(4) Schottky junction and (5) Z-scheme heterojunction. Apart from that, the application of g-C3N4-based heterostructured photocatalysts in H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, N2 fixation and pollutant degradation will also be systematically presented. Last but not least, this review will conclude with invigorating perspectives, limitations and prospects for further advancing g-C3N4-based heterostructured photocatalysts toward practical benefits for a sustainable future.展开更多
Nanocarbons are of progressively increasing importance in energy electrocatalysis, including oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution, COreduction, etc. Precious-metal-free or metal-free nanocarbon-based...Nanocarbons are of progressively increasing importance in energy electrocatalysis, including oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution, COreduction, etc. Precious-metal-free or metal-free nanocarbon-based electrocatalysts have been revealed to potentially have effective activity and remarkable durability, which is promising to replace precious metals in some important energy technologies,such as fuel cells, metal–air batteries, and water splitting. In this review, rather than overviewing recent progress completely, we aim to give an in-depth digestion of present achievements, focusing on the different roles of nanocarbons and material design principles. The multifunctionalities of nanocarbon substrates(accelerating the electron and mass transport, regulating the incorporation of active components,manipulating electron structures, generating confinement effects, assembly into 3 D free-standing electrodes) and the intrinsic activity of nanocarbon catalysts(multi-heteroatom doping, hierarchical structure,topological defects) are discussed systematically, with perspectives on the further research in this rising research field. This review is inspiring for more insights and methodical research in mechanism understanding, material design, and device optimization, leading to a targeted and high-efficiency development of energy electrocatalysis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51602207,21433007,51320105001,21573170)the Self-determined and Innovative Research Funds of SKLWUT(2017-ZD-4,2016-KF-17)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(2015CFA001)~~
文摘TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention because of the low recombination rate of their photogenerated electron–hole pairs and their high photocatalytic efficiency.In this review,the reaction mechanism of Z‐scheme photocatalysts,recent research progress in the application of TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts,and improved methods for photocatalytic performance enhancement are explored.Their applications,including water splitting,CO2reduction,decomposition of volatile organic compounds,and degradation of organic pollutants,are also described.The main factors affecting the photocatalytic performance of TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts,such as pH,conductive medium,cocatalyst,architecture,and mass ratio,are discussed.Concluding remarks are presented,and some suggestions for the future development of TiO2‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts are highlighted.
基金supported by Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund (XMUMRF/2019-C3/IENG/0013)financial assistance and faculty start-up grants/supports from Xiamen University~~
文摘As one of the most appealing and attractive technologies, photocatalysis is widely used as a promising method to circumvent the environmental and energy problems. Due to its chemical stability and unique physicochemical, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has become research hotspots in the community. However, g-C3N4 photocatalyst still suffers from many problems, resulting in unsatisfactory photocatalytic activity such as low specific surface area, high charge recombination and insufficient visible light utilization. Since 2009, g-C3N4-based heterostructures have attracted the attention of scientists worldwide for their greatly enhanced photocatalytic performance. Overall, this review summarizes the recent advances of g-C3N4-based nanocomposites modified with transition metal sulfide (TMS), including (1) preparation of pristine g-C3N4,(2) modification strategies of g-C3N4,(3) design principles of TMS-modified g-C3N4 heterostructured photocatalysts, and (4) applications in energy conversion. What is more, the characteristics and transfer mechanisms of each classification of the metal sulfide heterojunction system will be critically reviewed, spanning from the following categories:(1) Type I heterojunction,(2) Type II heterojunction,(3) p-n heterojunction,(4) Schottky junction and (5) Z-scheme heterojunction. Apart from that, the application of g-C3N4-based heterostructured photocatalysts in H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, N2 fixation and pollutant degradation will also be systematically presented. Last but not least, this review will conclude with invigorating perspectives, limitations and prospects for further advancing g-C3N4-based heterostructured photocatalysts toward practical benefits for a sustainable future.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (Nos. 2016YFA0202500 and 2016YFA0200102)the Natural Scientific Foundation of China (No. 21561130151)Royal Society for the award of a Newton Advanced Fellowship (Ref: NA140249)
文摘Nanocarbons are of progressively increasing importance in energy electrocatalysis, including oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution, COreduction, etc. Precious-metal-free or metal-free nanocarbon-based electrocatalysts have been revealed to potentially have effective activity and remarkable durability, which is promising to replace precious metals in some important energy technologies,such as fuel cells, metal–air batteries, and water splitting. In this review, rather than overviewing recent progress completely, we aim to give an in-depth digestion of present achievements, focusing on the different roles of nanocarbons and material design principles. The multifunctionalities of nanocarbon substrates(accelerating the electron and mass transport, regulating the incorporation of active components,manipulating electron structures, generating confinement effects, assembly into 3 D free-standing electrodes) and the intrinsic activity of nanocarbon catalysts(multi-heteroatom doping, hierarchical structure,topological defects) are discussed systematically, with perspectives on the further research in this rising research field. This review is inspiring for more insights and methodical research in mechanism understanding, material design, and device optimization, leading to a targeted and high-efficiency development of energy electrocatalysis.
