The Shenhu area is one of the promise target areas for marine gas hydrate exploration in the northern margin of the South China Sea.Pore water samples were collected from two piston cores (8.75 and 8.52 m) in site HS-...The Shenhu area is one of the promise target areas for marine gas hydrate exploration in the northern margin of the South China Sea.Pore water samples were collected from two piston cores (8.75 and 8.52 m) in site HS-A and site HS-B in the Shenhu area,and their major anion and cation contents and trace element contents have been analyzed in this study.Cl- concentrations in pore waters are similar to the seawater value and no systematic change along depth profiles has been found for the Cl- content in both sites.In site HS-A,the SO 2- 4 contents show a limited range in pore waters from 0 to 3 m depths,but a dramatic decrease is documented in depth below 3 m.Other elements such as Ca 2+,Mg 2+ and Sr 2+ show similar variation patterns as the SO 2- 4,i.e.,no variation in 0-3 m,but large decrease in depth below 3 m.In site HS-B,both the SO 4 and Ca 2+,Mg 2+ and Sr 2+ display a decrease pattern along the depth profile,but in 0-3 m the variation is less significant than those in depth below 3 m.In both sites HS-A and HS-B,I contents show a dramatic increase along depth profiles.Calculations show that the SMI depths are very shallow (10 and 11 m) in both sites,and the sulfate flux and I flux are very high.These geochemical characteristics and anomalies at Shenhu are quite similar to those found in other gas hydrate locations in the world,and a genetic link is suggested to be related to the gas hydrate occurrence at depths in the study area.In summary,we suggest that combined geochemical parameters in shallow sediment pore waters are useful indicators to indicate the gas hydrate occurrence at depths.展开更多
本文研究了大黑汀水库表层沉积物碳氮磷污染负荷及分布特征,利用Peeper(pore water equilibriums)技术获取沉积物-水界面氮磷剖面特征,分析大黑汀水库间隙水氮磷分布的空间差异;采集沉积物无扰动柱样用静态培养法对其水土界面氮磷交换...本文研究了大黑汀水库表层沉积物碳氮磷污染负荷及分布特征,利用Peeper(pore water equilibriums)技术获取沉积物-水界面氮磷剖面特征,分析大黑汀水库间隙水氮磷分布的空间差异;采集沉积物无扰动柱样用静态培养法对其水土界面氮磷交换速率进行估算.结果表明:沉积物中TN、TP和TOC的含量分别在729～5894mg/kg、1312～2439mg/kg和0.5%～5.6%之间,沉积物中氨氮(NH_4^+-N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_3^--N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2^--N)和活性磷(PO_4^(3-)-P)含量分别在0.6～202.9、34.4～168.3、0.1～0.3和16.1～75.2mg/kg之间,主要表现为下游含量高于上游,空间分布特征明显;沉积物C/N表明该水库有机质主要来源于水体内部,与人类网箱养殖活动有关.间隙水中NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P浓度远高于上覆水,表明大黑汀水库间隙水具有向上覆水体扩散营养盐的潜力.在垂直方向上间隙水中NH_4^+-N浓度随深度的增加而变大,PO_4^(3-)-P浓度具有在0～4cm快速增加,之后表现出逐渐降低的趋势.静态释放结果表明,沉积物-水界面NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P的交换通量分别为3.5～110.5mg/(m^2·d)和0.1～1.6mg/(m^2·d),NO_3^--N和NO_2^--N交换通量在-112.5～157.2mg/(m^2·d)和0.04～0.94mg/(m^2·d)之间.NH_4^+-N、NO_3^--N和PO_4^(3-)-P在下游表现出较高的释放速率.较高的沉积物内源负荷使得大黑汀水库沉积物具有较大的向上覆水释放营养盐的潜力,改善水库沉积物污染状况是治理大黑汀水库水体环境的必要之举.展开更多
利用平衡式孔隙水采样技术Pore Water Equilibrators(Peeper)来获得沉积物的孔隙水剖面,研究了南四湖湿地芦苇、香蒲沉积物的理化性质对孔隙水营养盐的垂向分布特征及其扩散通量的影响.结果表明,通过种植芦苇和香蒲,沉积含水量、孔隙度...利用平衡式孔隙水采样技术Pore Water Equilibrators(Peeper)来获得沉积物的孔隙水剖面,研究了南四湖湿地芦苇、香蒲沉积物的理化性质对孔隙水营养盐的垂向分布特征及其扩散通量的影响.结果表明,通过种植芦苇和香蒲,沉积含水量、孔隙度及交换态的氨氮、硝态氮含量均较无植物的对照区有明显提高.在2～5cm亚表层,芦苇区和香蒲区孔隙度分别提高了57.5%和34.6%.在沉积物-水界面附近,孔隙水中氨氮和可溶性磷酸盐浓度随剖面深度的增加呈指数关系增长,在沉积物6～8cm左右达到最大值.运用Fick第一定律对孔隙水营养盐的扩散通量进行估算,发现芦苇较香蒲更能有效地抑制孔隙水中氨氮的再次释放,从对照区的最高值3.57～4.48mg/(m2.d)降低0.90～1.24mg/(m2.d);磷酸根扩散通量3个区域的数值相差不大,在0.02～0.04mg/(m2.d)间波动;硝态氮3个区域均表现为上覆水向间隙水中扩散.相关分析结果表明,沉积物中交换态营养盐含量与孔隙水中含量呈显著正相关关系,因此控制营养盐的可交换态含量可能是防止湿地沉积物营养盐二次污染的有效途径之一.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40773029)National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2009CB219506)Key Scientific Project from China Geological Survey (Grant No.GZHZ200203-04-02)
文摘The Shenhu area is one of the promise target areas for marine gas hydrate exploration in the northern margin of the South China Sea.Pore water samples were collected from two piston cores (8.75 and 8.52 m) in site HS-A and site HS-B in the Shenhu area,and their major anion and cation contents and trace element contents have been analyzed in this study.Cl- concentrations in pore waters are similar to the seawater value and no systematic change along depth profiles has been found for the Cl- content in both sites.In site HS-A,the SO 2- 4 contents show a limited range in pore waters from 0 to 3 m depths,but a dramatic decrease is documented in depth below 3 m.Other elements such as Ca 2+,Mg 2+ and Sr 2+ show similar variation patterns as the SO 2- 4,i.e.,no variation in 0-3 m,but large decrease in depth below 3 m.In site HS-B,both the SO 4 and Ca 2+,Mg 2+ and Sr 2+ display a decrease pattern along the depth profile,but in 0-3 m the variation is less significant than those in depth below 3 m.In both sites HS-A and HS-B,I contents show a dramatic increase along depth profiles.Calculations show that the SMI depths are very shallow (10 and 11 m) in both sites,and the sulfate flux and I flux are very high.These geochemical characteristics and anomalies at Shenhu are quite similar to those found in other gas hydrate locations in the world,and a genetic link is suggested to be related to the gas hydrate occurrence at depths in the study area.In summary,we suggest that combined geochemical parameters in shallow sediment pore waters are useful indicators to indicate the gas hydrate occurrence at depths.
文摘本文研究了大黑汀水库表层沉积物碳氮磷污染负荷及分布特征,利用Peeper(pore water equilibriums)技术获取沉积物-水界面氮磷剖面特征,分析大黑汀水库间隙水氮磷分布的空间差异;采集沉积物无扰动柱样用静态培养法对其水土界面氮磷交换速率进行估算.结果表明:沉积物中TN、TP和TOC的含量分别在729～5894mg/kg、1312～2439mg/kg和0.5%～5.6%之间,沉积物中氨氮(NH_4^+-N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_3^--N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2^--N)和活性磷(PO_4^(3-)-P)含量分别在0.6～202.9、34.4～168.3、0.1～0.3和16.1～75.2mg/kg之间,主要表现为下游含量高于上游,空间分布特征明显;沉积物C/N表明该水库有机质主要来源于水体内部,与人类网箱养殖活动有关.间隙水中NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P浓度远高于上覆水,表明大黑汀水库间隙水具有向上覆水体扩散营养盐的潜力.在垂直方向上间隙水中NH_4^+-N浓度随深度的增加而变大,PO_4^(3-)-P浓度具有在0～4cm快速增加,之后表现出逐渐降低的趋势.静态释放结果表明,沉积物-水界面NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)-P的交换通量分别为3.5～110.5mg/(m^2·d)和0.1～1.6mg/(m^2·d),NO_3^--N和NO_2^--N交换通量在-112.5～157.2mg/(m^2·d)和0.04～0.94mg/(m^2·d)之间.NH_4^+-N、NO_3^--N和PO_4^(3-)-P在下游表现出较高的释放速率.较高的沉积物内源负荷使得大黑汀水库沉积物具有较大的向上覆水释放营养盐的潜力,改善水库沉积物污染状况是治理大黑汀水库水体环境的必要之举.
文摘利用平衡式孔隙水采样技术Pore Water Equilibrators(Peeper)来获得沉积物的孔隙水剖面,研究了南四湖湿地芦苇、香蒲沉积物的理化性质对孔隙水营养盐的垂向分布特征及其扩散通量的影响.结果表明,通过种植芦苇和香蒲,沉积含水量、孔隙度及交换态的氨氮、硝态氮含量均较无植物的对照区有明显提高.在2～5cm亚表层,芦苇区和香蒲区孔隙度分别提高了57.5%和34.6%.在沉积物-水界面附近,孔隙水中氨氮和可溶性磷酸盐浓度随剖面深度的增加呈指数关系增长,在沉积物6～8cm左右达到最大值.运用Fick第一定律对孔隙水营养盐的扩散通量进行估算,发现芦苇较香蒲更能有效地抑制孔隙水中氨氮的再次释放,从对照区的最高值3.57～4.48mg/(m2.d)降低0.90～1.24mg/(m2.d);磷酸根扩散通量3个区域的数值相差不大,在0.02～0.04mg/(m2.d)间波动;硝态氮3个区域均表现为上覆水向间隙水中扩散.相关分析结果表明,沉积物中交换态营养盐含量与孔隙水中含量呈显著正相关关系,因此控制营养盐的可交换态含量可能是防止湿地沉积物营养盐二次污染的有效途径之一.
