The health significance of walking has become increasingly prominent.To better understand how factors influence behavior is a necessary basis for effective behavioral intervention.In view of the complexity of human be...The health significance of walking has become increasingly prominent.To better understand how factors influence behavior is a necessary basis for effective behavioral intervention.In view of the complexity of human behavior,this paper explores the influencing factors of pedestrian walking and their influencing mechanism under different behavioral purposes from the socio-ecological perspective,based on the empirical data of Shenzhen.The analysis reveals that:factors in each dimension interact to have a joint influence on walking activities,among which the influences of behavioral habit,physical environment,and policy environment are more prominent;the differentiation of influencing factors under different behavioral purposes is relatively obvious in physical environment dimension;the comprehensive performance of factors is more prominent in physical environment dimension,which is effective,especially under the intervention of policy environment factors;behavioral intervention practices should be integrated with the respective characteristics of behavior psychology,social environment,physical environment,and policy environment,so as to maximize the intervention effects.展开更多
目的探讨短期健走对职业人群体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数及血压的影响。方法2018—2019年"万步有约"上海职业人群健走激励干预项目以自愿参赛的形式开展为期100 d的健走干预,选取完成体测的...目的探讨短期健走对职业人群体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数及血压的影响。方法2018—2019年"万步有约"上海职业人群健走激励干预项目以自愿参赛的形式开展为期100 d的健走干预,选取完成体测的参赛队员作为研究对象。健走主要测量指标为日均步数、日均有效步数、日均最佳步数以及集中健走率。利用线性回归分析健走行为与BMI、腰围、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数和收缩压、舒张压的数量关系;利用logistic回归模型分析健走对超重肥胖及中心性肥胖的影响。结果共有1200名研究对象完成健走活动及所有测量,年龄为(40.34±9.22)岁,其中女性827名(68.92%),男性373名(31.08%)。经过100 d的干预,研究对象超重或肥胖、中心性肥胖、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数和血压指标均有所下降;BMI的下降幅度随最佳步数水平升高而增加,腰围的下降幅度随有效步数和集中健走率水平升高而增加,中心性肥胖率的下降幅度随有效步数、最佳步数以及集中健走率水平升高而增加,体脂率的下降幅度随平均步数和有效步数水平升高而增加,内脏脂肪指数的下降幅度随平均步数和有效步数水平升高而增加,收缩压与舒张压的下降幅度均与健走步数、健走强度及集中健走率的升高差异无统计学意义。结论健走运动对促进职业人群降低BMI、中心性肥胖、体脂率和内脏脂肪指数具有积极作用,且健走运动中提高日均有效步数、日均最佳步数,采用集中健走的方式能增加健康相关指标的降幅。展开更多
Increasing numbers of overweight and obese children resulting from sedentary and abundant lifestyles are a health concern in Hong Kong and other affluent communities around the globe. The importance of physical activi...Increasing numbers of overweight and obese children resulting from sedentary and abundant lifestyles are a health concern in Hong Kong and other affluent communities around the globe. The importance of physical activity is well documented for health and wellbeing, with sedentary behavior emerging as an independent risk factor for chronic diseases and mortality. In this study, Pender’s Health-Promotion Model informed the development of an intervention program aimed to engage junior high school students in increased physical activity, specifically brisk-walking. The model set out to motivate participants to engage in behaviors to enhance their health across the life span, including developing self-efficacy with regard to brisk walking. The intervention featured four stages. First, participants were provided with information about the benefits and in stage two were trained in the technique of brisk walking. Next they engaged in the brisk walking program and in stage four were encouraged to serve as health ambassadors by introducing brisk walking and its associated benefits to others, thereby exercising peer influence to diffuse the practice of brisk walking more widely among members of the community. Motivational strategies were used as incentives in the program, including the involvement of a popular singing band to award certificates at the completion of the program. This 7-week intervention program including a 4-week brisk walking component was conducted in a high school context with 71 participants. Data were collected to enable paired-sample t-tests to be conducted to statistically analyze the data at pre- and post-intervention. Findings indicate significant differences among the mean Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), knowledge and attitudes of the participants at pre- and post-intervention. These findings suggest that the intervention was effective as a strategy to reduce sedentary behavior with the concomitant effect of positive shifts in measurable indicators and attitudes.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52078159)。
文摘The health significance of walking has become increasingly prominent.To better understand how factors influence behavior is a necessary basis for effective behavioral intervention.In view of the complexity of human behavior,this paper explores the influencing factors of pedestrian walking and their influencing mechanism under different behavioral purposes from the socio-ecological perspective,based on the empirical data of Shenzhen.The analysis reveals that:factors in each dimension interact to have a joint influence on walking activities,among which the influences of behavioral habit,physical environment,and policy environment are more prominent;the differentiation of influencing factors under different behavioral purposes is relatively obvious in physical environment dimension;the comprehensive performance of factors is more prominent in physical environment dimension,which is effective,especially under the intervention of policy environment factors;behavioral intervention practices should be integrated with the respective characteristics of behavior psychology,social environment,physical environment,and policy environment,so as to maximize the intervention effects.
文摘目的探讨短期健走对职业人群体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数及血压的影响。方法2018—2019年"万步有约"上海职业人群健走激励干预项目以自愿参赛的形式开展为期100 d的健走干预,选取完成体测的参赛队员作为研究对象。健走主要测量指标为日均步数、日均有效步数、日均最佳步数以及集中健走率。利用线性回归分析健走行为与BMI、腰围、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数和收缩压、舒张压的数量关系;利用logistic回归模型分析健走对超重肥胖及中心性肥胖的影响。结果共有1200名研究对象完成健走活动及所有测量,年龄为(40.34±9.22)岁,其中女性827名(68.92%),男性373名(31.08%)。经过100 d的干预,研究对象超重或肥胖、中心性肥胖、体脂率、内脏脂肪指数和血压指标均有所下降;BMI的下降幅度随最佳步数水平升高而增加,腰围的下降幅度随有效步数和集中健走率水平升高而增加,中心性肥胖率的下降幅度随有效步数、最佳步数以及集中健走率水平升高而增加,体脂率的下降幅度随平均步数和有效步数水平升高而增加,内脏脂肪指数的下降幅度随平均步数和有效步数水平升高而增加,收缩压与舒张压的下降幅度均与健走步数、健走强度及集中健走率的升高差异无统计学意义。结论健走运动对促进职业人群降低BMI、中心性肥胖、体脂率和内脏脂肪指数具有积极作用,且健走运动中提高日均有效步数、日均最佳步数,采用集中健走的方式能增加健康相关指标的降幅。
文摘Increasing numbers of overweight and obese children resulting from sedentary and abundant lifestyles are a health concern in Hong Kong and other affluent communities around the globe. The importance of physical activity is well documented for health and wellbeing, with sedentary behavior emerging as an independent risk factor for chronic diseases and mortality. In this study, Pender’s Health-Promotion Model informed the development of an intervention program aimed to engage junior high school students in increased physical activity, specifically brisk-walking. The model set out to motivate participants to engage in behaviors to enhance their health across the life span, including developing self-efficacy with regard to brisk walking. The intervention featured four stages. First, participants were provided with information about the benefits and in stage two were trained in the technique of brisk walking. Next they engaged in the brisk walking program and in stage four were encouraged to serve as health ambassadors by introducing brisk walking and its associated benefits to others, thereby exercising peer influence to diffuse the practice of brisk walking more widely among members of the community. Motivational strategies were used as incentives in the program, including the involvement of a popular singing band to award certificates at the completion of the program. This 7-week intervention program including a 4-week brisk walking component was conducted in a high school context with 71 participants. Data were collected to enable paired-sample t-tests to be conducted to statistically analyze the data at pre- and post-intervention. Findings indicate significant differences among the mean Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), knowledge and attitudes of the participants at pre- and post-intervention. These findings suggest that the intervention was effective as a strategy to reduce sedentary behavior with the concomitant effect of positive shifts in measurable indicators and attitudes.
