In this paper,many observations show that the thermal states including the SST,the convective activities in the west- ern Pacific warm pool largely influence the interannual and intraseasonal variations of summer circ...In this paper,many observations show that the thermal states including the SST,the convective activities in the west- ern Pacific warm pool largely influence the interannual and intraseasonal variations of summer circulation and the cli- mate anomalies in East Asia.Moreover,it is pointed out that there is a teleconnection pattern of summer circulation anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere,the so-called East Asia/Pacific pattern. The cause of the teleconnection pattern is studied by using the theory of quasi-stationary planetary wave propaga- tion,and it may be due to the propagation of quasi-stationary planetary waves forced by heat source around the Philippines.Moreover,this pattern is well simulated by using a quasi-geostrophic,linear,spherical model and the IAP-GCM,respectively.展开更多
Net photosynthesis ( P n ), transpiration ( E ), stomatal conductance ( g s) and water use efficiency (WUE) of more than 218 species belonging to two different reproductive functional types, i.e. clonal (115 ...Net photosynthesis ( P n ), transpiration ( E ), stomatal conductance ( g s) and water use efficiency (WUE) of more than 218 species belonging to two different reproductive functional types, i.e. clonal (115 species) and non_clonal species (103 species), along the 1 670 km Northeast China Transect (NECT) were analyzed. The results showed that P n and WUE appeared to be lower in the east and west ends of NECT, with peaks in the middle. Transpiration was found to be higher in the west end, where most temperate desert species were distributed. On the same site, most clonal species showed higher P n and related physiological variables than non_clonal species. For different growth forms over NECT, e.g. forest trees, shrubs and grasses, meadow steppe shrubs and grasses, typical steppe shrubs and grasses, the meadow steppe and typical steppe grasses, showed higher values of physiological variables than the forest or the desert species. But for the two reproductive plant functional types (PFTs), clonal species had higher physiological variables, with averages of 22%, 15%, 23% and 14% higher than the non_clonal ones for P n , E, g s, and WUE, respectively. Such differences indicated that clonal species might have advantages over non_clonal species in utilizing environmental resources such as light, CO 2, and especially water.展开更多
The microphysical properties of a long-lasting heavy fog event are examined based on the results from a comprehensive field campaign conducted during the winter of 2006 at Pancheng （32.2°N, 118.7°E）, Jiang...The microphysical properties of a long-lasting heavy fog event are examined based on the results from a comprehensive field campaign conducted during the winter of 2006 at Pancheng （32.2°N, 118.7°E）, Jiangsu Province, China. It is demonstrated that the key microphysical properties （liquid water content, fog droplet concentration, mean radius and standard deviation） exhibited positive correlations with one another in general, and that the 5-min-average maximum value of fog liquid water content was sometimes greater than 0.5 g m-3. Further analysis shows that the unique combination of positive correlations likely arose from the simultaneous supply of moist air and fog condensation nuclei associated with the advection of warm air, which further led to high liquid water content. High values of liquid water content and droplet concentration conspired to cause low visibility （〈50 m） for a prolonged period of about 40 h. Examination of the microphysical relationships conditioned by the corresponding autoconversion threshold functions shows that the collision-coalescence process was sometimes likely to occur, weakening the positive correlations induced by droplet activation and condensational growth. Statistical analysis shows that the observed droplet size distribution can be described well by the Gamma distribution.展开更多
The Yellow Sea Warm Current （YSWC） penetrates northward along the Yellow Sea Trough, and brings warm and saline water towards the Bohai Sea. The YSWC becomes much less intrusive in summer and is limited mostly in th...The Yellow Sea Warm Current （YSWC） penetrates northward along the Yellow Sea Trough, and brings warm and saline water towards the Bohai Sea. The YSWC becomes much less intrusive in summer and is limited mostly in the southern trough, contrasting with a deep winter penetration well into the trough. The seasonal variability of the YSWC has prompted a debate regarding which controls the YSWC and its seasonal variability. In this article, the annual mean and seasonal variability of the YSWC was examined by using a 3-D ocean model together with several experiments. The results show that in the annual mean the YSWC is a compensating current firstly for the southward Korea Coastal Current （KCC）, which is mainly caused by the Kuroshio Current （KC）. The local wind-stress forcing plays an important but secondary role. However, the local monsoonal forcing plays a prominent role in modulating the seasonal variability. A deep northwestward intrusion of the YSWC in winter, for instance, is mainly due to a robustly developed China Coastal Current （CCC） which draws water along the Yellow Sea trough to feed a southward flow all the way from the Bohai Sea to the Taiwan Strait.展开更多
The relationship between the interannual variation in tropical cyclone （TC） activity over the western North Pacific （WNP） and the thermal state over the warm pool （WP） is examined in this paper. The results show...The relationship between the interannual variation in tropical cyclone （TC） activity over the western North Pacific （WNP） and the thermal state over the warm pool （WP） is examined in this paper. The results show that the subsurface temperature in the WP is well correlated with TC geographical distribution and track type. Their relation is linked by the East Asian monsoon trough. During the warm years, the westward-retreating monsoon trough creates convergence and vorticity fields that are favorable for tropical cyclogenesis in the northwest of the WNP, whereas more TCs concentrating in the southeast result from eastward penetration of the monsoon trough during the cold years. The steering flows at 500 hPa lead to a westward displacement track in the warm years and recurving prevailing track in the cold years. The two types of distinct processes in the monsoon environment triggering tropical cyclogenesis are hypothesized by composites centered for TC genesis location corresponding to two kinds of thermal states of the WP. During the warm years, low-frequency intraseasonal oscillation is active in the west of the WNP such that eastward-propagating westerlies cluster TC genesis in that region. In contrast, during the cold years, the increased cyclogenesis in the southeast of the WNP is mainly associated with tropical depression type disturbances transiting from equatorially trapped mixed Rossby gravity waves. Both of the processes may be fundamental mechanisms for the inherent interannual variation in TC activity over the WNP.展开更多
The formability of aluminum alloy AA7075 at elevated temperature was investigated through experiment. Stress-strain relationship at different temperatures and forming speeds were investigated through tensile testing. ...The formability of aluminum alloy AA7075 at elevated temperature was investigated through experiment. Stress-strain relationship at different temperatures and forming speeds were investigated through tensile testing. Deep drawing and stretch formability were also tested through limiting drawing ratio （LDR） and limiting dome height （LDH） tests. Finally, post forming mechanical property testing was conducted to investigate the effects of exposure to warm forming temperatures on the mechanical properties. Results show that deep drawing and stretch formability of AA7075 can be significantly improved when the blank is heated to 140-220 °C. At temperature over 260 °C, formability and post forming mechanical properties begin to decrease due to the effect of the heating and forming processes on the material＇s temper.展开更多
A strong warm event happens during spring 1997 to spring 1999 in the South China Sea. Its intensity and duration show that it is the strongest event on the record over the past decades. It also corresponds with the se...A strong warm event happens during spring 1997 to spring 1999 in the South China Sea. Its intensity and duration show that it is the strongest event on the record over the past decades. It also corresponds with the severe flood over the valley of the Yangtze River and a couple of marine environmental events. This note addressed the evolution process by using several data sets, such as sea surface temperature, height and wind stress in addition to subsurface temperature. The onset of the warm event almost tele-connects with the El Nino event in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Summer monsoon is stronger and winter monsoon is weaker in 1997 so that there are persistent westerly anomalies in the South China Sea. During the development phase, the warm advection caused by southerly anomalies is the major factor while the adjustment of the thermocline is not obvious. Subsequently, the southerly anomalies decay and even northerly anomalies appear in the summer of 1998 resulting from the weaker than normal summer展开更多
Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling moxibustion plus flash cupping for remission-stage peripheral facial paralysis （FP） due to wind-cold. Methods： Fifty eligible patients were randomized i...Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling moxibustion plus flash cupping for remission-stage peripheral facial paralysis （FP） due to wind-cold. Methods： Fifty eligible patients were randomized into a warm needling moxibustion group and an acupuncture-cupping group, 25 cases in each group. The warm needling moxibustion group was intervened by acupuncture at Fengchi （GB 20）, Yangbai （GB 14） towards Yuyao （EX-HN 4）, Xiaguan （ST 7）, Dicang （ST 4） towards Jiache （ST 6）, Quanliao （SI 18）, and Hegu （LI 4）, plus warm needling moxibustion at Quanliao （SI 18）; the acupuncture-cupping group received flash cupping on the affected side in addition to the intervention given to the warm needling moxibustion group. The two groups were both treated once a day, 10 times as a treatment course, for 3 courses in total. The House-Brackmann （H-B） facial nerve grading system was observed before and after the intervention to evaluate the facial nerve function in the two groups, and the therapeutic efficacies were also compared between the two groups. Results： The two treatment protocols both can promote the recovery of facial nerve function. The total effective rate was 92.0% in the acupuncture-cupping group versus 72.0% in the warm needling moxibustion group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant （P〈O.05）. Conclusion： Warm needling moxibustion plus flash cupping can produce a more significant efficacy than dry warm needling moxibustion in treating remission-stage peripheral FP due to wind-cold.展开更多
Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of warm needling method for knee osteoarthritis. Methods： Three hundred cases were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 150 cases respectively in each...Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of warm needling method for knee osteoarthritis. Methods： Three hundred cases were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 150 cases respectively in each group. The treatment group was treated by warm needling method, and the control group was treated by simple acupuncture. Their therapeutic effects were compared after 20 sessions of treatments. Results： The effective rate was 94.0% in the treatment group and 86.0% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The therapeutic effect is better in the warm needling group than in the control group in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.展开更多
BACKGROUND: There is a controversy over the degree of liver and biliary injury caused by the period of secondary warm ischemia. A liver autotransplantation model was adopted because it excludes the effects of infectio...BACKGROUND: There is a controversy over the degree of liver and biliary injury caused by the period of secondary warm ischemia. A liver autotransplantation model was adopted because it excludes the effects of infection and immunological rejection on bile duct injury. This study was undertaken to assess biliary tract injury caused by relative warm ischemia (secondary warm ischemia time in the biliary tract) and reperfusion. METHODS: One hundred and two rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: group I (control); groups 11 to V, relative warm ischemia times of 0 minute, 30 minutes, I hour and 2 hours. In addition to the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin, pathomorphology assessment and TUNEL assay were performed to evaluate biliary tract damage. RESULTS: Under the conditions that there were no significant differences in warm ischemia time, cold perfusion time and anhepatic phase, group comparisons showed statistically significant differences. The least injury occurred in group H (portal vein and hepatic artery reperfused simultaneously) but the most severe injury occurred in group V (biliary tract relative warm ischemia time 2 hours). CONCLUSIONS: Relative warm ischemia is one of the factors that result in bile duct injury, and the relationship between relative warm ischemia time the bile injury degree is time-dependent. Simultaneous arterial and portal reperfusion is the best choice to avoid the bile duct injury caused by relative warm ischemia. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009; 8: 247-254)展开更多
Total DNAs were extracted from different sections of deep sea sediment core sample collected from the Western Pacific "Warm Pool". The bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone libraries were constructed and ...Total DNAs were extracted from different sections of deep sea sediment core sample collected from the Western Pacific "Warm Pool". The bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone libraries were constructed and analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA sequencing. The bacterial communities in these samples and their relationship to environment were analyzed consequently. The results indicated that among eight main bacterial groups found in these sediments, members of the γ-Proteobacteria were most abundant in each section of sediment core sample and the genus Colwellia belonging to γ-Proteobacteria was dominant in this area. Members of the α-Proteobacteria were found commonly existing in these samples, while members belonging to β-Proteobacteria were seldom detected. The diversity of bacterial communities from different sections of sediment core sample was δ- and ε-Proteo- bacteria and the bacterial group including genera Cytopahga, Flexibacteria and Bacteroides (CFB group). These bacteria all were inversely proportional to the depth of sediment. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there were 18%-30% and 15%-25% of total bacterial communities related to methane and sulfur metabolism respectively in each section of core sample, implicating that the metabolism of sulfur and methane played an important role in the substance and energy cycles of the Western Pacific "Warm Pool".展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of warm joint needling plus rehabilitation techniques on the balance function and quality of life （QOL） of patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral stroke. Methods：...Objective： To observe the effect of warm joint needling plus rehabilitation techniques on the balance function and quality of life （QOL） of patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral stroke. Methods： Ninety patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral stroke were randomized into a rehabilitation group, a warm joint needling group and an observation group, with 30 cases in each group. The rehabilitation group was intervened by Bobath therapy, the warm joint needling group was treated with joint needling on the affected side plus warm needling, and the observation group was given the same rehabilitation treatment as the rehabilitation group together with the same warm joint needling as the warm joint needling group. The three groups were treated once another day, 1 month as a treatment course for 6 months. Before the treatment, and respectively after 2-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month treatment, the modified Ashworth scale （MAS） was used to measure the anti-spasm ability of the lower limb, the Berg balance scale （BBS） was adopted to evaluate the balance function, and the stroke-specific quality of life scale （SS-QOL） was employed to estimate the QOL. Results： After 3-month and 6-month treatment, the lower-limb MAS scores in the observation group were significantly better than those in the rehabilitation group and the warm joint needling group （all P〈0.05）. After 1-month, B-month and 6-month treatment, the BBS scores in the observation group were significantly better than those in the rehabilitation group and the warm joint needling group （all P〈0.05）. After 2-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month treatment, the SS-QOL scores in the observation group were markedly better than those in the rehabilitation group and the warm joint needling group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Warm joint needling plus rehabilitation can effectively improve the lower-limb spasticity state, balance function and QOL in patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral st展开更多
In recent years, the use of advanced high strength steels in automotive industry has been increased remarkably. Among advanced high strength steels, dual phase （DP） steels have gained a great attention owing to a co...In recent years, the use of advanced high strength steels in automotive industry has been increased remarkably. Among advanced high strength steels, dual phase （DP） steels have gained a great attention owing to a combination of high strength and good formability. However, high strength usually increases the spring-back behavior of the material, which creates problems for the parts during the assembly. Thus, the uniaxial tensile deformation and spring-back behaviors of DP600 advanced high strength steel were investigated in rolling （0°）, diagonal （45°） , and transverse （90°） directions in the temperature range from room temperature （RT） to 300 ℃. All tests were performed at a deformation speed of 25 mm/min. A V-shaped die （60°） was used for the spring-back measurements. The results indicated that the formability and spring-back of the material were decreased with increasing the temperatures. The material showed complex behaviors in different directions and at different temperatures.展开更多
Under global warming scenarios, the passive method of simply increasing the thermal resistance by raising the embankment height and using insulating materials has been proven ineffective in warm and ice-rich permafros...Under global warming scenarios, the passive method of simply increasing the thermal resistance by raising the embankment height and using insulating materials has been proven ineffective in warm and ice-rich permafrost areas and therefore could not be used in the Qinghai-Tibet Railway engineering. Instead, a proactive "cooled-roadbed" approach was developed and used to lower the ground temperature in order to maintain a perennially frozen subgrade. The concept that local and site-specific factors play an important role in the occurrence and disappearance of permafrost has helped us to devise a number of measures to cool down the roadbed. For example, we adjust and control heat transfer by using different embankment configurations and fill materials. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway project demonstrates that a series of proactive roadbed-cooling methods can be used to lower the temperature of permafrost beneath the embankment and to stabilize the roadbed. These methods include solar radiation control using shading boards, heat convection control using ventilation ducts, thermosyphons, air-cooled embankments, and heat conduction control using "thermal semi-conductor" materials, as well as combinations of above mentioned three control measures. This road-bed-cooling approach provides not only a solution for engineering construction in sensitive permafrost areas but also a countermeasure against possible global warming.展开更多
文摘In this paper,many observations show that the thermal states including the SST,the convective activities in the west- ern Pacific warm pool largely influence the interannual and intraseasonal variations of summer circulation and the cli- mate anomalies in East Asia.Moreover,it is pointed out that there is a teleconnection pattern of summer circulation anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere,the so-called East Asia/Pacific pattern. The cause of the teleconnection pattern is studied by using the theory of quasi-stationary planetary wave propaga- tion,and it may be due to the propagation of quasi-stationary planetary waves forced by heat source around the Philippines.Moreover,this pattern is well simulated by using a quasi-geostrophic,linear,spherical model and the IAP-GCM,respectively.
文摘Net photosynthesis ( P n ), transpiration ( E ), stomatal conductance ( g s) and water use efficiency (WUE) of more than 218 species belonging to two different reproductive functional types, i.e. clonal (115 species) and non_clonal species (103 species), along the 1 670 km Northeast China Transect (NECT) were analyzed. The results showed that P n and WUE appeared to be lower in the east and west ends of NECT, with peaks in the middle. Transpiration was found to be higher in the west end, where most temperate desert species were distributed. On the same site, most clonal species showed higher P n and related physiological variables than non_clonal species. For different growth forms over NECT, e.g. forest trees, shrubs and grasses, meadow steppe shrubs and grasses, typical steppe shrubs and grasses, the meadow steppe and typical steppe grasses, showed higher values of physiological variables than the forest or the desert species. But for the two reproductive plant functional types (PFTs), clonal species had higher physiological variables, with averages of 22%, 15%, 23% and 14% higher than the non_clonal ones for P n , E, g s, and WUE, respectively. Such differences indicated that clonal species might have advantages over non_clonal species in utilizing environmental resources such as light, CO 2, and especially water.
基金mainly provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40537034 and 40775012)the Natural Science Fund for Universities in Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos. 06KJA17021 and 08KJA170002)+1 种基金the Meteorology Fund of the Ministry of Science and Technology [Grant No. GYHY (QX) 2007-6-26]the Qing-Lan Project for cloud-fog-precipitation-aerosol study in Jiangsu Province and the Graduate Student Innovation Plan in the Universities of Jiangsu Province (CX09B 226Z)
文摘The microphysical properties of a long-lasting heavy fog event are examined based on the results from a comprehensive field campaign conducted during the winter of 2006 at Pancheng （32.2°N, 118.7°E）, Jiangsu Province, China. It is demonstrated that the key microphysical properties （liquid water content, fog droplet concentration, mean radius and standard deviation） exhibited positive correlations with one another in general, and that the 5-min-average maximum value of fog liquid water content was sometimes greater than 0.5 g m-3. Further analysis shows that the unique combination of positive correlations likely arose from the simultaneous supply of moist air and fog condensation nuclei associated with the advection of warm air, which further led to high liquid water content. High values of liquid water content and droplet concentration conspired to cause low visibility （〈50 m） for a prolonged period of about 40 h. Examination of the microphysical relationships conditioned by the corresponding autoconversion threshold functions shows that the collision-coalescence process was sometimes likely to occur, weakening the positive correlations induced by droplet activation and condensational growth. Statistical analysis shows that the observed droplet size distribution can be described well by the Gamma distribution.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 programs, Grant Nos.2005CB422303, 2007CB411804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40706006)+1 种基金the Key Project of International Science and Technology Cooperation of China (Grant No.2006DFB21250)the 111 Project (Grant No.B07036).
文摘The Yellow Sea Warm Current （YSWC） penetrates northward along the Yellow Sea Trough, and brings warm and saline water towards the Bohai Sea. The YSWC becomes much less intrusive in summer and is limited mostly in the southern trough, contrasting with a deep winter penetration well into the trough. The seasonal variability of the YSWC has prompted a debate regarding which controls the YSWC and its seasonal variability. In this article, the annual mean and seasonal variability of the YSWC was examined by using a 3-D ocean model together with several experiments. The results show that in the annual mean the YSWC is a compensating current firstly for the southward Korea Coastal Current （KCC）, which is mainly caused by the Kuroshio Current （KC）. The local wind-stress forcing plays an important but secondary role. However, the local monsoonal forcing plays a prominent role in modulating the seasonal variability. A deep northwestward intrusion of the YSWC in winter, for instance, is mainly due to a robustly developed China Coastal Current （CCC） which draws water along the Yellow Sea trough to feed a southward flow all the way from the Bohai Sea to the Taiwan Strait.
基金This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40730952） Project KZCX2-YW-220, Program of Knowledge Innovation for the 3rd Period, Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Project G2006CB403600, the ＂National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences＂, respectively.
文摘The relationship between the interannual variation in tropical cyclone （TC） activity over the western North Pacific （WNP） and the thermal state over the warm pool （WP） is examined in this paper. The results show that the subsurface temperature in the WP is well correlated with TC geographical distribution and track type. Their relation is linked by the East Asian monsoon trough. During the warm years, the westward-retreating monsoon trough creates convergence and vorticity fields that are favorable for tropical cyclogenesis in the northwest of the WNP, whereas more TCs concentrating in the southeast result from eastward penetration of the monsoon trough during the cold years. The steering flows at 500 hPa lead to a westward displacement track in the warm years and recurving prevailing track in the cold years. The two types of distinct processes in the monsoon environment triggering tropical cyclogenesis are hypothesized by composites centered for TC genesis location corresponding to two kinds of thermal states of the WP. During the warm years, low-frequency intraseasonal oscillation is active in the west of the WNP such that eastward-propagating westerlies cluster TC genesis in that region. In contrast, during the cold years, the increased cyclogenesis in the southeast of the WNP is mainly associated with tropical depression type disturbances transiting from equatorially trapped mixed Rossby gravity waves. Both of the processes may be fundamental mechanisms for the inherent interannual variation in TC activity over the WNP.
文摘The formability of aluminum alloy AA7075 at elevated temperature was investigated through experiment. Stress-strain relationship at different temperatures and forming speeds were investigated through tensile testing. Deep drawing and stretch formability were also tested through limiting drawing ratio （LDR） and limiting dome height （LDH） tests. Finally, post forming mechanical property testing was conducted to investigate the effects of exposure to warm forming temperatures on the mechanical properties. Results show that deep drawing and stretch formability of AA7075 can be significantly improved when the blank is heated to 140-220 °C. At temperature over 260 °C, formability and post forming mechanical properties begin to decrease due to the effect of the heating and forming processes on the material＇s temper.
基金This work was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-205)the Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant Nos. G1999043806 and 2001DIA50041) National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant N
文摘A strong warm event happens during spring 1997 to spring 1999 in the South China Sea. Its intensity and duration show that it is the strongest event on the record over the past decades. It also corresponds with the severe flood over the valley of the Yangtze River and a couple of marine environmental events. This note addressed the evolution process by using several data sets, such as sea surface temperature, height and wind stress in addition to subsurface temperature. The onset of the warm event almost tele-connects with the El Nino event in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Summer monsoon is stronger and winter monsoon is weaker in 1997 so that there are persistent westerly anomalies in the South China Sea. During the development phase, the warm advection caused by southerly anomalies is the major factor while the adjustment of the thermocline is not obvious. Subsequently, the southerly anomalies decay and even northerly anomalies appear in the summer of 1998 resulting from the weaker than normal summer
基金supported by Project of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.LP0118041~~
文摘Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling moxibustion plus flash cupping for remission-stage peripheral facial paralysis （FP） due to wind-cold. Methods： Fifty eligible patients were randomized into a warm needling moxibustion group and an acupuncture-cupping group, 25 cases in each group. The warm needling moxibustion group was intervened by acupuncture at Fengchi （GB 20）, Yangbai （GB 14） towards Yuyao （EX-HN 4）, Xiaguan （ST 7）, Dicang （ST 4） towards Jiache （ST 6）, Quanliao （SI 18）, and Hegu （LI 4）, plus warm needling moxibustion at Quanliao （SI 18）; the acupuncture-cupping group received flash cupping on the affected side in addition to the intervention given to the warm needling moxibustion group. The two groups were both treated once a day, 10 times as a treatment course, for 3 courses in total. The House-Brackmann （H-B） facial nerve grading system was observed before and after the intervention to evaluate the facial nerve function in the two groups, and the therapeutic efficacies were also compared between the two groups. Results： The two treatment protocols both can promote the recovery of facial nerve function. The total effective rate was 92.0% in the acupuncture-cupping group versus 72.0% in the warm needling moxibustion group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant （P〈O.05）. Conclusion： Warm needling moxibustion plus flash cupping can produce a more significant efficacy than dry warm needling moxibustion in treating remission-stage peripheral FP due to wind-cold.
基金Planned Project of Shanghai Commission of Science and Technology (08DZ1973200)Scientific Research Fund for Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau(2008L010A)
文摘Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of warm needling method for knee osteoarthritis. Methods： Three hundred cases were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 150 cases respectively in each group. The treatment group was treated by warm needling method, and the control group was treated by simple acupuncture. Their therapeutic effects were compared after 20 sessions of treatments. Results： The effective rate was 94.0% in the treatment group and 86.0% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The therapeutic effect is better in the warm needling group than in the control group in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
文摘BACKGROUND: There is a controversy over the degree of liver and biliary injury caused by the period of secondary warm ischemia. A liver autotransplantation model was adopted because it excludes the effects of infection and immunological rejection on bile duct injury. This study was undertaken to assess biliary tract injury caused by relative warm ischemia (secondary warm ischemia time in the biliary tract) and reperfusion. METHODS: One hundred and two rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: group I (control); groups 11 to V, relative warm ischemia times of 0 minute, 30 minutes, I hour and 2 hours. In addition to the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin, pathomorphology assessment and TUNEL assay were performed to evaluate biliary tract damage. RESULTS: Under the conditions that there were no significant differences in warm ischemia time, cold perfusion time and anhepatic phase, group comparisons showed statistically significant differences. The least injury occurred in group H (portal vein and hepatic artery reperfused simultaneously) but the most severe injury occurred in group V (biliary tract relative warm ischemia time 2 hours). CONCLUSIONS: Relative warm ischemia is one of the factors that result in bile duct injury, and the relationship between relative warm ischemia time the bile injury degree is time-dependent. Simultaneous arterial and portal reperfusion is the best choice to avoid the bile duct injury caused by relative warm ischemia. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009; 8: 247-254)
基金supported by NKBRSF Project(Gant No.G2000078500).
文摘Total DNAs were extracted from different sections of deep sea sediment core sample collected from the Western Pacific "Warm Pool". The bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone libraries were constructed and analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA sequencing. The bacterial communities in these samples and their relationship to environment were analyzed consequently. The results indicated that among eight main bacterial groups found in these sediments, members of the γ-Proteobacteria were most abundant in each section of sediment core sample and the genus Colwellia belonging to γ-Proteobacteria was dominant in this area. Members of the α-Proteobacteria were found commonly existing in these samples, while members belonging to β-Proteobacteria were seldom detected. The diversity of bacterial communities from different sections of sediment core sample was δ- and ε-Proteo- bacteria and the bacterial group including genera Cytopahga, Flexibacteria and Bacteroides (CFB group). These bacteria all were inversely proportional to the depth of sediment. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there were 18%-30% and 15%-25% of total bacterial communities related to methane and sulfur metabolism respectively in each section of core sample, implicating that the metabolism of sulfur and methane played an important role in the substance and energy cycles of the Western Pacific "Warm Pool".
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of warm joint needling plus rehabilitation techniques on the balance function and quality of life （QOL） of patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral stroke. Methods： Ninety patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral stroke were randomized into a rehabilitation group, a warm joint needling group and an observation group, with 30 cases in each group. The rehabilitation group was intervened by Bobath therapy, the warm joint needling group was treated with joint needling on the affected side plus warm needling, and the observation group was given the same rehabilitation treatment as the rehabilitation group together with the same warm joint needling as the warm joint needling group. The three groups were treated once another day, 1 month as a treatment course for 6 months. Before the treatment, and respectively after 2-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month treatment, the modified Ashworth scale （MAS） was used to measure the anti-spasm ability of the lower limb, the Berg balance scale （BBS） was adopted to evaluate the balance function, and the stroke-specific quality of life scale （SS-QOL） was employed to estimate the QOL. Results： After 3-month and 6-month treatment, the lower-limb MAS scores in the observation group were significantly better than those in the rehabilitation group and the warm joint needling group （all P〈0.05）. After 1-month, B-month and 6-month treatment, the BBS scores in the observation group were significantly better than those in the rehabilitation group and the warm joint needling group （all P〈0.05）. After 2-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month treatment, the SS-QOL scores in the observation group were markedly better than those in the rehabilitation group and the warm joint needling group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Warm joint needling plus rehabilitation can effectively improve the lower-limb spasticity state, balance function and QOL in patients with spastic hemiplegia after ischemic cerebral st
基金Item Sponsored by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(107 M596)
文摘In recent years, the use of advanced high strength steels in automotive industry has been increased remarkably. Among advanced high strength steels, dual phase （DP） steels have gained a great attention owing to a combination of high strength and good formability. However, high strength usually increases the spring-back behavior of the material, which creates problems for the parts during the assembly. Thus, the uniaxial tensile deformation and spring-back behaviors of DP600 advanced high strength steel were investigated in rolling （0°）, diagonal （45°） , and transverse （90°） directions in the temperature range from room temperature （RT） to 300 ℃. All tests were performed at a deformation speed of 25 mm/min. A V-shaped die （60°） was used for the spring-back measurements. The results indicated that the formability and spring-back of the material were decreased with increasing the temperatures. The material showed complex behaviors in different directions and at different temperatures.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.KZCX1-SW-04)the Outstanding Youth Foundation Projectthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40625004)
文摘Under global warming scenarios, the passive method of simply increasing the thermal resistance by raising the embankment height and using insulating materials has been proven ineffective in warm and ice-rich permafrost areas and therefore could not be used in the Qinghai-Tibet Railway engineering. Instead, a proactive "cooled-roadbed" approach was developed and used to lower the ground temperature in order to maintain a perennially frozen subgrade. The concept that local and site-specific factors play an important role in the occurrence and disappearance of permafrost has helped us to devise a number of measures to cool down the roadbed. For example, we adjust and control heat transfer by using different embankment configurations and fill materials. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway project demonstrates that a series of proactive roadbed-cooling methods can be used to lower the temperature of permafrost beneath the embankment and to stabilize the roadbed. These methods include solar radiation control using shading boards, heat convection control using ventilation ducts, thermosyphons, air-cooled embankments, and heat conduction control using "thermal semi-conductor" materials, as well as combinations of above mentioned three control measures. This road-bed-cooling approach provides not only a solution for engineering construction in sensitive permafrost areas but also a countermeasure against possible global warming.
