Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic eff...Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents.展开更多
目的探讨自主运动训练在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用及其机制。方法将携带原发性人乳腺癌基因1(breast cancer gene 1,BRCA-1)突变基因的癌细胞在体外进行培养,用连续14 d自主跑轮运动鼠血清以及静坐鼠血清处理BRCA-1突变肿瘤细胞,并将上述...目的探讨自主运动训练在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用及其机制。方法将携带原发性人乳腺癌基因1(breast cancer gene 1,BRCA-1)突变基因的癌细胞在体外进行培养,用连续14 d自主跑轮运动鼠血清以及静坐鼠血清处理BRCA-1突变肿瘤细胞,并将上述条件血清培养的乳腺癌细胞注射到BALB/c裸鼠皮下,观察经过不同处理后体内外BRCA-1突变乳腺癌细胞及移植瘤的情况。结果在体外,与静坐鼠血清处理组相比,自主运动鼠血清处理后抑制了BRCA-1突变乳腺癌细胞的活力、生长,促进其凋亡,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在体内,自主运动鼠血清培养的BRCA-1突变乳腺癌细胞移植瘤较静坐对照组体积减小、生长缓慢(P<0.05),体内外自主运动组均呈现出增强的Caspase-3活性(P<0.05)。结论自主跑轮运动可能通过增强Caspase3的活性、抑制了BRCA1突变乳腺癌细胞以及其在BALB/c裸鼠皮下异种移植瘤的增殖、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,从而抑制其体内外的生长。展开更多
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of voluntary wheel-running (WR) on body weight (BW), waist circumference, mesenteric fat mass (MFM), adipocyte size, circulating cytokines/hormones, blood pressure (BP)...The aim of this study was to examine the effects of voluntary wheel-running (WR) on body weight (BW), waist circumference, mesenteric fat mass (MFM), adipocyte size, circulating cytokines/hormones, blood pressure (BP) and exercise endurance capacity in 11-month-old normal rats. Three-week WR with about 0.2 km of daily running distance caused a gradual loss in BW despite an increased intake of food/water. MFM decreased as daily running distance increased. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between MFM and BW, waist circumference or adipocyte size. On the other hand, WR significantly decreased systolic/diastolic BPs, and increased endurance exercise capacity. WR rat sera contained lower concentrations of angiotensin II, aldosterone, vasopressin and endothelin-1 and higher concentration of brain natriuretic peptide compared with sedentary rat sera. Thus, WR-induced reduction in resting BPs may be accomplished by attenuated vasoconstriction, enhanced vasodilatation and reduction in blood volume. In addition, circulating vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 were higher in WR rats, suggesting angiogenesis, anti-inflammation and insulin-sensitization. These results support a prevalent idea that daily light-exercise is a potential strategy for preventing metabolic syndrome.展开更多
基金supported by Hong Kong Health and Medical Research FundLeading Talents of Guangdong(2013)+3 种基金Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B14036)Project of International,as well as Hong Kong,Macao&Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Innovation Platform in Universities in Guangdong Province,China(2013gjhz0002)grants to Jinan University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Cooperation and Innovation Center for Tissue Regeneration and RepairState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology,Hong Kong SAR,China
文摘Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents.
文摘目的探讨自主运动训练在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用及其机制。方法将携带原发性人乳腺癌基因1(breast cancer gene 1,BRCA-1)突变基因的癌细胞在体外进行培养,用连续14 d自主跑轮运动鼠血清以及静坐鼠血清处理BRCA-1突变肿瘤细胞,并将上述条件血清培养的乳腺癌细胞注射到BALB/c裸鼠皮下,观察经过不同处理后体内外BRCA-1突变乳腺癌细胞及移植瘤的情况。结果在体外,与静坐鼠血清处理组相比,自主运动鼠血清处理后抑制了BRCA-1突变乳腺癌细胞的活力、生长,促进其凋亡,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在体内,自主运动鼠血清培养的BRCA-1突变乳腺癌细胞移植瘤较静坐对照组体积减小、生长缓慢(P<0.05),体内外自主运动组均呈现出增强的Caspase-3活性(P<0.05)。结论自主跑轮运动可能通过增强Caspase3的活性、抑制了BRCA1突变乳腺癌细胞以及其在BALB/c裸鼠皮下异种移植瘤的增殖、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,从而抑制其体内外的生长。
文摘The aim of this study was to examine the effects of voluntary wheel-running (WR) on body weight (BW), waist circumference, mesenteric fat mass (MFM), adipocyte size, circulating cytokines/hormones, blood pressure (BP) and exercise endurance capacity in 11-month-old normal rats. Three-week WR with about 0.2 km of daily running distance caused a gradual loss in BW despite an increased intake of food/water. MFM decreased as daily running distance increased. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between MFM and BW, waist circumference or adipocyte size. On the other hand, WR significantly decreased systolic/diastolic BPs, and increased endurance exercise capacity. WR rat sera contained lower concentrations of angiotensin II, aldosterone, vasopressin and endothelin-1 and higher concentration of brain natriuretic peptide compared with sedentary rat sera. Thus, WR-induced reduction in resting BPs may be accomplished by attenuated vasoconstriction, enhanced vasodilatation and reduction in blood volume. In addition, circulating vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 were higher in WR rats, suggesting angiogenesis, anti-inflammation and insulin-sensitization. These results support a prevalent idea that daily light-exercise is a potential strategy for preventing metabolic syndrome.
